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The Ancient Roman Afterlife

Di Manes, Belief, and the Cult of the Dead
  • Charles W. King
Language: English
Published/Copyright: 2020
View more publications by University of Texas Press

About this book

In ancient Rome, it was believed some humans were transformed into special, empowered beings after death. These deified dead, known as the manes, watched over and protected their surviving family members, possibly even extending those relatives’ lives. But unlike the Greek hero-cult, the worship of dead emperors, or the Christian saints, the manes were incredibly inclusive—enrolling even those without social clout, such as women and the poor, among Rome's deities. The Roman afterlife promised posthumous power in the world of the living.

While the manes have often been glossed over in studies of Roman religion, this book brings their compelling story to the forefront, exploring their myriad forms and how their worship played out in the context of Roman religion’s daily practice. Exploring the place of the manes in Roman society, Charles King delves into Roman beliefs about their powers to sustain life and bring death to individuals or armies, examines the rituals the Romans performed to honor them, and reclaims the vital role the manes played in the ancient Roman afterlife.

Author / Editor information

Charles W. King is an associate professor of history at the University of Nebraska–Omaha with a PhD in Roman history from the University of Chicago.

Reviews

[A] groundbreaking monograph...It will be an invaluable resource for scholars of religion, funerary practice and afterlife in ancient Rome and more generally...King aims to use his model of variability in Roman belief to show the cult of the dead as inclusive of all Romans, living and deceased. Through extensive literary evidence and select cross-cultural comparisons, he largely succeeds. This stands to become a foundational text.
— Antiquity

[An] excellent monograph…This book is absolutely essential reading for anyone working on ancient afterlife belief or on Roman funerary custom and the cult of the dead...A truly excellent piece of scholarship.
— The Classical Review

King presents many attractive impressions of Roman society in his study...King’s major thesis – that Romans regarded their dead as gods, thought about them, communicated with them, attended to them, and intended to join them – is conclusively presented.
— Bryn Mawr Classical Review

Within an ambiance that has vigorously challenged even the ability to talk about 'religion' in the Roman world, King's work is a breath of fresh air that offers sober analyses of concepts that usually go without further elaboration in studies dealing with Roman religious ideas: gods, afterlife, belief, and ancestors. In this respect, I find King's work to be an irreplaceable piece of scholarship for all interested in Roman religion. Highly recommended.
— Religious Studies Review

Charles King sets out to demonstrate that the Roman di manes, the deified dead, were taken seriously by the Romans and should be also by us. This is a remarkably simple thesis which, remarkably, still requires demonstration, since most modern scholars, by dismissing the Roman belief in the manes as simply a curious superstition, fail to recognize and understand the fundamental role that the manes played in the Roman belief system and ideology of commemoration. To take on the question of belief in the Roman religious system, King proposes the analytical utility of considering 'belief clusters' rather than individual beliefs, since the former capture more clearly the overlapping, 'fuzzy' nature of the Roman system. This is a bold and original argument that makes a significant contribution to a current debate of real importance for our understanding of Roman religion.
— John Bodel, coeditor of Household and Family Religion in Antiquity

King ranges widely across literary genres, law, epigraphy, and archaeology. He provides a thorough, rigorous, and well-documented study of an aspect of Roman religion and culture that, despite its importance, has so far not received due attention.
— James B. Rives, author of Religion in the Roman Empire

[The Ancient Roman Afterlife] makes essential reading, not only for specialists in religion or funerary studies, but for all Romanists and anyone with an interest in Roman culture...Its implications are far-reaching, and its conclusions cannot be ignored. It should generate discussion and debate well beyond the field of funerary studies.
— Journal of Roman Studies


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The Godhood of the Dead
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The Number of the Gods
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Beliefs and Variations
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Publishing information
Pages and Images/Illustrations in book
eBook published on:
March 10, 2020
eBook ISBN:
9781477320211
Pages and Images/Illustrations in book
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269
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