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Appendix 1: Osteopathic Graduate Medical Education, 2015

  • Bulmaro Martinez and Maura Biszewski
Published/Copyright: April 1, 2015
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Journal of Osteopathic Medicine
From the journal Journal of Osteopathic Medicine Volume 115 Issue 4

The American Osteopathic Association (AOA) Department of Education maintains historical annual data on approved, funded, and filled AOA positions, as reported by the National Matching Services (an AOA vendor) and the Trainee Information, Verification and Registration Audit (TIVRA) survey tool. The current appendix includes an update for the 2013-2014 academic year. The AOA does not finalize postdoctoral training data until May of each calendar year. Trends and information on training slots from the AOA Match are also summarized.

Approved positions are the number of training slots awarded to a program by the Program and Trainee Review Council upon initial accreditation or through a request for an increase or decrease submitted by an already established program. Filled positions are the number of those approved training slots that are actually used to accommodate a trainee enrolled in the program. Growth in programs and positions is primarily a result of new programs at new hospitals and the expansion of other specialties at institutions with already established AOA residencies.

The Figure depicts trends of osteopathic physician (ie, DO) enrollment in osteopathic and allopathic graduate medical education programs between academic years 2004-2005 and 2013-2014. The number of DOs in Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education postdoctoral programs, total DOs in AOA internship and residency programs, and osteopathic medical school graduates all showed steady growth between 2009-2010 and 2013-2014.

Figure. Trends of osteopathic physician (ie, DO) enrollment in osteopathic and allopathic graduate medical education programs. Data may change and should be considered incomplete until finalized in the 2016 osteopathic medical education issue of The Journal of the American Osteopathic Association (JAOA). Data for academic years 2004-2005 through 2012-2013 were previously published in the JAOA. aTotal college of osteopathic medicine (COM) graduates do not include previous years' graduates. bTotal DOs in American Osteopathic Association (AOA) internships include trainees who matched to osteopathic internship positions during both the Match and post-Match scramble. cRestructuring of the AOA internship, effective July 1, 2008. Abbreviation: ACGME, Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education.
Figure.

Trends of osteopathic physician (ie, DO) enrollment in osteopathic and allopathic graduate medical education programs. Data may change and should be considered incomplete until finalized in the 2016 osteopathic medical education issue of The Journal of the American Osteopathic Association (JAOA). Data for academic years 2004-2005 through 2012-2013 were previously published in the JAOA. aTotal college of osteopathic medicine (COM) graduates do not include previous years' graduates. bTotal DOs in American Osteopathic Association (AOA) internships include trainees who matched to osteopathic internship positions during both the Match and post-Match scramble. cRestructuring of the AOA internship, effective July 1, 2008. Abbreviation: ACGME, Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education.

Table 1 illustrates the distribution of AOA residency and internship programs and trainees filling available positions by state. Compared with the previous year, the following 9 states increased their number of trainees by more than 25%: Alaska, Arkansas, Colorado, Connecticut, Iowa, Massachusetts, North Carolina, Utah, and Washington. In addition, the following 5 states have the greatest number of programs, positions, and trainees: Florida, Michigan, New York, Ohio, and Pennsylvania. Twenty states experienced a growth in the number of programs, with Idaho sponsoring its first AOA residency program in 2014.

Table 1.

No. of AOA-Approved Residency and Internship Programs and Trainees Filling Available Positions as Reported by State, 2013-2014 Academic Yeara

Internship Programs Residency Programsb Total
State Programs Positions Trainees Programs Positions Trainees Programs Positions Trainees
Alabama 0 0 0 2 15 2 2 15 2
Alaska 0 0 0 1 14 15 1 14 15
Arizona 0 0 0 13 135 72 13 135 72
Arkansas 0 0 0 2 15 7 2 15 7
California 5 45 32 32 436 235 37 481 267
Colorado 1 8 0 11 150 33 12 158 33
Connecticut 2 18 7 3 37 15 5 55 22
Delaware 1 15 11 1 24 12 2 39 23
Florida 9 142 90 92 1076 747 101 1218 837
Georgia 1 4 1 6 62 36 7 66 37
Idaho 0 0 0 1 12 0 1 12 0
Illinois 2 20 19 41 458 377 43 478 396
Indiana 0 0 0 3 27 23 3 27 23
Iowa 0 0 0 6 73 45 6 73 45
Kansas 0 0 0 1 20 19 1 20 19
Kentucky 2 14 7 9 99 39 11 113 46
Maine 0 0 0 6 75 46 6 75 46
Massachusetts 1 4 4 4 32 15 5 36 19
Michigan 18 176 71 209 2272 1580 227 2448 1651
Minnesota 0 0 0 1 8 7 1 8 7
Mississippi 0 0 0 5 66 24 5 66 24
Missouri 3 15 4 24 188 146 27 203 150
Montana 0 0 0 2 22 5 2 22 5
Nevada 1 10 8 8 104 71 9 114 79
New Jersey 7 97 60 73 891 559 80 988 619
New York 17 225 111 84 1068 677 101 1293 788
North Carolina 2 17 3 8 123 43 10 140 46
Ohio 11 103 35 102 1004 741 113 1107 776
Oklahoma 2 16 10 40 411 288 42 427 298
Oregon 1 12 12 10 107 73 11 119 85
Pennsylvania 26 215 112 118 1531 997 144 1746 1109
Rhode Island 0 0 0 5 54 43 5 54 43
South Carolina 0 0 0 1 14 15 1 14 15
Tennessee 0 0 0 2 28 27 2 28 27
Texas 1 12 6 25 236 147 26 248 153
Utah 0 0 0 1 9 2 1 9 2
Virginia 3 27 11 14 234 175 17 261 186
Washington 0 0 0 9 118 47 9 118 47
West Virginia 5 33 14 19 207 126 24 240 140
Wisconsin 0 0 0 2 59 40 2 59 40
Wyoming 0 0 0 2 21 11 2 21 11
Total 121 1228 628 998 11,535 7582 1119 12,763 8210

  1. a Data shown represent positions approved by the American Osteopathic Association (AOA) Program and Trainee Review Council and are not necessarily all funded. Data are current as of May 31, 2014. No internship or residency positions are currently approved by the AOA in the District of Columbia or in the following states: Hawaii, Louisiana, Maryland, Nebraska, New Hampshire, New Mexico, North Dakota, South Dakota, and Vermont.

  2. b Residency data include fellowship programs, positions, and trainees.

  3. Source: Training Programs by State: Year-End Reports, Division of Postdoctoral Training, AOA, Chicago, Illinois.

Table 2 shows the number of AOA-approved residency programs and approved and filled positions by academic year and specialty. Forty-six percent of residents are in the primary care specialties of family medicine (26%) and internal medicine (20%) for academic year 2013-2014.

Table 2.

No. of AOA-Approved Residency Programs and Approved and Filled Positions as Reported by Academic Year and Specialtya

2011-2012 2012-2013 2013-2014
Specialty Programs Positions Residents Programs Positions Residents Programs Positions Residents
Anesthesiology 13 137 111 13 139 117 13 139 118
Anesthesiology and pain management 3 6 2 3 6 2 3 6 2
Pediatric anesthesiology 1 3 0 1 3 0 1 3 0
Dermatology 26 158 106 30 176 114 30 179 125
Mohs micrographic surgery 2 3 1 3 4 1 3 4 3
Diagnostic Radiology 15 170 124 17 199 127 17 195 128
Pediatric radiology 1 3 0 1 3 0 1 3 0
Vascular and interventional radiology NA NA NA 1 3 0 1 3 0
Emergency Medicine 45 1055 900 50 1203 919 50 1215 953
Emergency medical service 2 3 1 2 3 0 2 3 1
Family Medicine 200 2699 1527 215 3040 1731 227 3334 1982
Geriatrics (family medicine) 10 34 5 13 40 8 15 46 7
Internal Medicine 105 1775 1103 114 1967 1278 121 2223 1494
Allergy and immunologyb 2 8 0 NA NA NA NA NA NA
Cardiac electrophysiology 2 5 0 2 5 0 2 5 0
Cardiology 24 162 94 26 174 110 27 178 129
Cardiology (interventional) 13 30 11 13 30 9 13 29 11
Critical care medicine 6 15 3 6 23 9 7 27 6
Endocrinology 4 10 3 5 12 5 5 13 6
Gastroenterology 15 75 45 17 86 51 18 85 56
Geriatrics (internal medicine) 6 21 2 6 21 1 11 36 1
Hematology and oncology 7 24 10 7 24 13 7 24 14
Infectious diseases 3 12 2 4 16 3 4 16 4
Nephrology 7 20 10 8 22 13 8 22 11
Oncology 2 6 1 2 6 1 2 6 2
Pulmonary (critical care) 8 34 22 10 44 26 11 50 30
Pulmonary medicine 4 11 6 3 7 2 3 7 0
Rheumatology 5 16 10 5 16 8 4 12 9
Transplant hepatologyc NA NA NA NA NA NA 1 2 0
Neurology 8 90 55 9 96 64 9 96 64
NMM/OMM 8 41 19 7 38 18 8 43 18
NMM plus 1 24 76 22 23 75 27 26 83 25
Obstetrics and Gynecology 31 391 297 30 375 296 33 409 300
Female pelvic medicine 1 3 0 1 3 0 1 3 0
Gynecological oncology 3 9 8 3 9 8 3 9 9
Maternal and fetal medicine 5 16 2 5 16 8 5 17 12
Reproductive endocrinology 3 9 1 3 9 1 3 9 1
Ophthalmology 15 73 47 15 71 55 15 71 56
Orthopedic Surgery 38 564 443 40 596 464 39 590 492
Hand surgery 1 3 1 1 3 1 1 3 0
Musculoskeletal oncology 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0
Orthopedic spine surgeryd 0 0 0 NA NA NA NA NA NA
Otolaryngology and Facial Plastic Surgery 19 139 122 19 139 121 19 139 121
Otolaryngic allergy 3 9 3 3 9 1 3 9 2
Pathology d 0 0 0 NA NA NA NA NA NA
Forensic pathology 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0
Pediatrics 19 268 175 19 283 170 20 292 187
Pediatric allergy and immunologyb 1 2 1 NA NA NA NA NA NA
Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 5 61 24 5 61 30 6 67 37
Preventive Medicine and Public Health 1 3 1 1 3 2 1 3 2
Preventive Medicine (Occupational and Environmental) d 1 3 0 NA NA NA NA NA NA
Proctology 2 5 1 2 5 2 2 5 2
Psychiatry 14 175 78 16 242 94 20 294 133
Child and adolescent psychiatrye 3 12 4 4 18 6 4 18 8
Forensic psychiatry 1 4 0 1 4 0 1 4 0
Geriatric psychiatry 2 6 1 2 6 0 2 6 1
Surgery (General) 46 671 507 51 765 554 53 809 586
Cardiothoracic surgery 1 9 0 1 9 0 1 9 0
Critical care surgery 3 7 1 3 7 1 5 13 2
General vascular surgery 8 19 5 8 19 5 8 18 12
Neurologic surgery 11 104 92 11 114 95 10 108 97
Plastic and reconstructive surgery 6 23 17 7 26 15 8 29 14
Urologic surgery 10 106 84 10 108 95 10 107 92
Combined
Emergency medicine and family medicine 4 53 39 4 53 45 3 52 43
Emergency medicine and internal medicine 11 117 80 11 122 74 11 122 76
Integrated family medicine and NMM 8 64 31 8 64 38 9 72 40
Integrated internal medicine and NMM 1 4 0 1 4 1 1 4 2
Pediatrics and internal medicine 1 10 8 1 10 7 1 10 7
Conjoint f
Addiction medicine 1 6 0 1 6 6 1 6 3
Adult and pediatric allergy and immunologyb NA NA NA 2 10 5 2 10 8
Correctional medicine NA NA NA 1 4 0 2 6 0
Dermata pathology 1 2 1 1 2 0 2 4 2
Hospice and palliative care 7 15 2 7 17 2 12 28 6
Pain medicine NA NA NA 1 5 0 1 5 4
Pediatric emergency medicine 1 6 0 2 12 0 2 12 0
Sleep medicine 2 8 0 2 8 4 2 8 1
Sports medicine 19 56 18 20 57 19 23 64 25
Undersea and hyperbaric medicine 1 2 1 1 2 1 1 2 0
Total 883 9741 6290 942 10,759 6883 998 11,535 7582

  1. a Approved positions are not necessarily funded. Data include fellowship programs, positions, and residents.

  2. b In the 2012-2013 academic year, allergy and immunology and pediatric allergy and immunology were combined into adult and pediatric allergy and immunology.

  3. c New specialties in the 2013-2014 academic year: transplant hepatology.

  4. d Specialties not available in the 2013-2014 academic year: orthopedic spine surgery, pathology, and preventive medicine (occupational and environmental).

  5. e Previously child psychiatry.

  6. f Addiction medicine, adult and pediatric allergy and immunology, correctional medicine, dermatopathology,hospice and palliative care, pain medicine, pediatric emergency medicine, sleep medicine, sports medicine, and undersea and hyperbaric medicine are fellowships governed by Conjoint Standards by 2 or more specialties.

  7. Abbreviations: AOA, American Osteopathic Association; NA, not applicable; NMM, neuromusculoskeletal medicine; OMM, osteopathic manipulative medicine.

  8. Sources: AOA Intern/Resident Contracts received by the division of postdoctoral training for the academic years shown (taken annually on May 31); and the AOA’s Trainee Information, Verification and Registration Audit system (TIVRA), academic year 2013-2014. Data for the 2011-2012 and 2012-2013 academic years have been reported previously in The Journal of the American Osteopathic Association.

Table 3 depicts the net growth from 2012-2013 to 2013-2014 academic years of the AOA-approved residency programs and approved and filled positions by specialty. Family medicine and internal medicine have experienced the greatest amount of growth since academic year 2012-2013. Family medicine grew by 294 positions and internal medicine grew by 256 positions. Psychiatry and general surgery also had considerable growth in terms of the number of positions, with 52 positions and 44 positions, respectively. (doi:10.7556/jaoa.2015.052)

Table 3.

Net Growth From the 2012-2013 to 2013-2014 Academic Years of the AOA-Approved Residency Programs and Approved and Filled Positions as Reported by Specialty

No.
Specialty Programs Positions Residents
Anesthesiology 0 0 1
Anesthesiology and pain management 0 0 0
Pediatric anesthesiology 0 0 0
Dermatology 0 3 11
Mohs micrographic surgery 0 0 2
Diagnostic Radiology 0 -4 1
Pediatric radiology 0 0 0
Vascular and interventional radiology 0 0 0
Emergency Medicine 0 12 34
Emergency medical service 0 0 1
Family Medicine 12 294 251
Geriatrics (family medicine) 2 6 -1
Internal Medicine 7 256 216
Cardiac electrophysiology 0 0 0
Cardiology 1 4 19
Cardiology (interventional) 0 -1 2
Critical care medicine 1 4 -3
Endocrinology 0 1 1
Gastroenterology 1 -1 5
Geriatrics (internal medicine) 5 15 0
Hematology and oncology 0 0 1
Infectious diseases 0 0 1
Nephrology 0 0 -2
Oncology 0 0 1
Pulmonary (critical care) 1 6 4
Pulmonary medicine 0 0 -2
Rheumatology -1 -4 1
Transplant hepatologya NA NA NA
Neurology 0 0 0
NMM/OMM 1 5 0
NMM plus 1 3 8 -2
Obstetrics and Gynecology 3 34 4
Female pelvic medicine 0 0 0
Gynecologic oncology 0 0 1
Maternal and fetal medicine 0 1 4
Reproductive endocrinology 0 0 0
Ophthalmology 0 0 1
Orthopedic Surgery b -1 -6 28
Hand surgery 0 0 -1
Musculoskeletal oncology 0 0 0
Otolaryngology and Facial Plastic Surgery 0 0 0
Otolaryngic allergy 0 0 1
Pathology b 0 0 0
Forensic pathology 0 0 0
Pediatrics 1 9 17
Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 1 6 7
Preventive Medicine and Public Health b 0 0 0
Proctology 0 0 0
Psychiatry 4 52 39
Child and adolescent psychiatry 0 0 2
Forensic psychiatry 0 0 0
Geriatric psychiatry 0 0 1
Surgery (General) 2 44 32
Cardiothoracic surgery 0 0 0
Critical care surgery 2 6 1
General vascular surgery 0 -1 7
Neurologic surgery -1 -6 2
Plastic and reconstructive surgery 1 3 -1
Urologic surgery 0 -1 -3
Combined
Emergency medicine and family medicine -1 -1 -2
Emergency medicine and internal medicine 0 0 2
Integrated family medicine and NMM 1 8 2
Integrated internal medicine and NMM 0 0 1
Pediatrics and internal medicine 0 0 0
Conjoint c
Addiction medicine 0 0 -3
Adult and pediatric allergy and immunology 1 2 0
Correctional medicine 1 2 2
Dermatapathology 5 11 4
Hospice and palliative care 0 0 4
Pain medicine NA NA NA
Pediatric emergency medicine 0 0 0
Sleep medicine 0 0 -3
Sports medicine 3 7 6
Undersea and hyperbaric medicine 0 0 -1
Total 55 774 696

  1. a New specialty in the 2013-2014 academic year: transplant hepatology.

  2. b Specialties not available in the 2013-2014 academic year: orthopedic spine surgery, pathology, and preventive medicine (occupational and environmental).

  3. c Addiction medicine, adult and pediatric allergy and immunology, correctional medicine, dermatopathology, hospice and palliative care, pain medicine, pediatric emergency medicine, sleep medicine, sports medicine, and undersea and hyperbaric medicine are fellowships governed by Conjoint Standards by 2 or more specialties.

  4. Abbreviations: AOA, American Osteopathic Association; NA, not applicable; NMM, neuromusculoskeletal medicine; OMM, osteopathic manipulative medicine.

  5. Sources: AOA Intern/Resident Contracts received by the division of postdoctoral training for the academic years shown (taken annually on May 31); and the AOA’s Trainee Information, Verification and Registration Audit system (TIVRA), academic year 2013-2014. Data for the 2011-2012 and 2012-2013 academic years have been reported previously in The Journal of the American Osteopathic Association.

Editor's Note: The JAOA theme issue on osteopathic medical education includes annual updates from the American Osteopathic Association's departments of accreditation and education. Last year's article on osteopathic graduate medical education can be Accessed online at http://www.jaoa.org/content/114/4/299.full.

*Address correspondence to Bulmaro Martinez, MPH, Division of Educational Resource Services, AOA Department of Education, 142 E Ontario St, Chicago, IL 60611-2864. E-mail:

Received: 2015-01-09
Accepted: 2015-02-05
Published Online: 2015-04-01
Published in Print: 2015-04-01

© 2015 American Osteopathic Association

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

Articles in the same Issue

  1. EDITORIAL
  2. The JAOA: Growing, Changing, Improving
  3. Transitions in Osteopathic Medical Education
  4. IN MY VIEW
  5. A Structural Examination of Medical Education Reform
  6. MEDICAL EDUCATION
  7. New Colleges of Osteopathic Medicine, Branch Campuses, and Additional Locations—What Is the Difference?
  8. IN MY VIEW
  9. Single Accreditation System: Opportunity and Duty to Promote Osteopathic Training for All Interested Residency Programs
  10. The CAST Model: Enhancing Medical Student and Resident Clinical Performance Through Feedback
  11. LETTERS TO THE EDITOR
  12. Challenges of Teaching Live and Distance Audiences Simultaneously
  13. MEDICAL EDUCATION
  14. Comparison of COMLEX-USA Scores, Medical School Performance, and Preadmission Variables Between Women and Men
  15. Developing Technology-Enhanced Active Learning for Medical Education: Challenges, Solutions, and Future Directions
  16. Innovative Approach to Teaching Osteopathic Manipulative Medicine: The Integration of Ultrasonography
  17. Relationship Between Residency Placement and Clerkship Site Enrollment: A Retrospective Analysis
  18. Comprehensive Osteopathic Medical Licensing Examination-USA Level 1 and Level 2-Cognitive Evaluation Preparation and Outcomes
  19. International Medical Graduates in the US Physician Workforce
  20. The Single Graduate Medical Education Accreditation System
  21. Osteopathic Postdoctoral Training Institutions' 2014 Annual Report
  22. Evolution of AOA Specialty Board Certification
  23. APPENDIX
  24. Appendix 1: Osteopathic Graduate Medical Education, 2015
  25. Appendix 2: American Osteopathic Association Specialty Board Certification
  26. Appendix 3: Colleges of Osteopathic Medicine
  27. CLINICAL IMAGES
  28. Large Paraesophageal Hiatal Hernia in a Patient With Chest Pain
https://doi.org/10.7556/jaoa.2015.052
Creative Commons
BY-NC-ND 4.0

Articles in the same Issue

  1. EDITORIAL
  2. The JAOA: Growing, Changing, Improving
  3. Transitions in Osteopathic Medical Education
  4. IN MY VIEW
  5. A Structural Examination of Medical Education Reform
  6. MEDICAL EDUCATION
  7. New Colleges of Osteopathic Medicine, Branch Campuses, and Additional Locations—What Is the Difference?
  8. IN MY VIEW
  9. Single Accreditation System: Opportunity and Duty to Promote Osteopathic Training for All Interested Residency Programs
  10. The CAST Model: Enhancing Medical Student and Resident Clinical Performance Through Feedback
  11. LETTERS TO THE EDITOR
  12. Challenges of Teaching Live and Distance Audiences Simultaneously
  13. MEDICAL EDUCATION
  14. Comparison of COMLEX-USA Scores, Medical School Performance, and Preadmission Variables Between Women and Men
  15. Developing Technology-Enhanced Active Learning for Medical Education: Challenges, Solutions, and Future Directions
  16. Innovative Approach to Teaching Osteopathic Manipulative Medicine: The Integration of Ultrasonography
  17. Relationship Between Residency Placement and Clerkship Site Enrollment: A Retrospective Analysis
  18. Comprehensive Osteopathic Medical Licensing Examination-USA Level 1 and Level 2-Cognitive Evaluation Preparation and Outcomes
  19. International Medical Graduates in the US Physician Workforce
  20. The Single Graduate Medical Education Accreditation System
  21. Osteopathic Postdoctoral Training Institutions' 2014 Annual Report
  22. Evolution of AOA Specialty Board Certification
  23. APPENDIX
  24. Appendix 1: Osteopathic Graduate Medical Education, 2015
  25. Appendix 2: American Osteopathic Association Specialty Board Certification
  26. Appendix 3: Colleges of Osteopathic Medicine
  27. CLINICAL IMAGES
  28. Large Paraesophageal Hiatal Hernia in a Patient With Chest Pain
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