10. How Are Carcinogens Made?

Chapters in this book

1. Frontmatter i
2. Contents ix
3. Acknowledgments xi
4. Introduction xv
5. Part I: Why Do We Need Toxicology?
6. 1. Cancer Clusters: Truth Can Be Obscure 3
7. 2. Death from Arsenic and Venoms: Truth Can Be Obvious 13
8. 3. Paracelsus: The Alchemist at Work 23
9. 4. Mining and the Beginnings of Occupational Medicine 33
10. 5. The Chemical Age 42
11. 6. The Bioassay Boom 49
12. Part II: How Do We Study Toxicology, and What Have We Learned?
13. 7. Lead: A Heavy Metal Weighing Down the Brain 65
14. 8. Rachel Carson: Silent Spring Is Now Noisy Summer 77
15. 9. The Study of Cancer 88
16. 10. How Are Carcinogens Made? 97
17. 11. Some Carcinogens Directly Affect Genes 104
18. 12. Cancer Caused by Irritation 111
19. 13. Cigarette Smoking: Black, Tarry Lungs 119
20. 14. What Causes Cancer? 128
21. Part III: How Do We Use Toxicology?
22. 15. Protecting Workers from Chemical Diseases 141
23. 16. The Importance of Having a Good Name 151
24. 17. Can We Accurately Regulate Chemicals? 158
25. 18. The Dose Makes the Poison 168
26. 19. Are We Ready to Clean Up the Mess? 177
27. 20. Legal Battles 187
28. 21. The Toxicology of War 197
29. Part IV: The Unfinished Business of Toxicology
30. 22. Opiates and Politics 205
31. 23. The Toxicology of Climate Change 218
32. 24. Animal Models for Human Disease 231
33. 25. Are Animal Cancer Bioassays Reliable? 240
34. 26. Hormone Mimics and Disrupters 250
35. 27. Building Better Tools for Testing 261
36. 28. An Ounce of Prevention Is Worth a Pound of Cure 269
37. Notes 279
38. Index 315