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On Memory And Trauma: From The 228 Incident To The White Terror

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A New Literary History of Modern China
This chapter is in the book A New Literary History of Modern China
528On Memory and Trauma19471947 · FEBRUARY 28“Formosa Killings Are Put at 10,000.” — New York TimesOn Memory and Trauma: From the 228 Incident to the White TerrorThe February 28 Incident, also known as the 228 Incident or the 228 Massacre, was a gruesome tragedy that erupted in Taiwan in 1947. In a March 29, 1947, article entitled “Formosa Killings Are Put at 10,000,” the New York Times reported the incident and its aftermath in graphic detail:Troops from the mainland arrived there March 7 and indulged in three days of indiscriminate killing and looting. For a time everyone seen on the streets was shot at, homes were broken into, and occupants killed. In the poorer sections the streets were said to have been littered with the dead. There were instances of beheadings and mutilations of bodies, and women were raped, the American said.Two months later, the May 24, 1947, edition of the Nation confirmed the extent of the massacre: “More than a thousand unarmed Taiwanese in the Taipei- Keelung area alone were massacred. . . .Bodies floated thick in Keelung Harbor and in the river which flows by Taipei.”Today, most people believe that the 228 Incident was triggered by a dispute between a Taiwanese female cigarette vendor called Lin Jiangmai and a Nationalist (KMT) government agent on February 27, 1947. But by all accounts, the 228 Incident was an inevitable tragedy that sprang from Taiwanese discontent with the Chinese Nationalist government. Initially, the Taiwanese people, who had been under Japanese rule from 1895 to 1945, were overjoyed at the Allies’ victory in World War II. They truly welcomed Chinese Nationalist rule. But the Nationalist authorities were corrupt and repressive. Favoritism was rampant, as most governmental positions were reserved for mainlanders rather than local Taiwanese. The joy that the Taiwanese had experienced at the beginning of Nationalist rule gradually led to anger and despair. It came as no surprise that a mere dispute about the sale of tobacco would quickly escalate into a full- scale confrontation between the Taiwanese and the mainlanders on that fateful day in February 1947.
© 2018 Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA and London, England

528On Memory and Trauma19471947 · FEBRUARY 28“Formosa Killings Are Put at 10,000.” — New York TimesOn Memory and Trauma: From the 228 Incident to the White TerrorThe February 28 Incident, also known as the 228 Incident or the 228 Massacre, was a gruesome tragedy that erupted in Taiwan in 1947. In a March 29, 1947, article entitled “Formosa Killings Are Put at 10,000,” the New York Times reported the incident and its aftermath in graphic detail:Troops from the mainland arrived there March 7 and indulged in three days of indiscriminate killing and looting. For a time everyone seen on the streets was shot at, homes were broken into, and occupants killed. In the poorer sections the streets were said to have been littered with the dead. There were instances of beheadings and mutilations of bodies, and women were raped, the American said.Two months later, the May 24, 1947, edition of the Nation confirmed the extent of the massacre: “More than a thousand unarmed Taiwanese in the Taipei- Keelung area alone were massacred. . . .Bodies floated thick in Keelung Harbor and in the river which flows by Taipei.”Today, most people believe that the 228 Incident was triggered by a dispute between a Taiwanese female cigarette vendor called Lin Jiangmai and a Nationalist (KMT) government agent on February 27, 1947. But by all accounts, the 228 Incident was an inevitable tragedy that sprang from Taiwanese discontent with the Chinese Nationalist government. Initially, the Taiwanese people, who had been under Japanese rule from 1895 to 1945, were overjoyed at the Allies’ victory in World War II. They truly welcomed Chinese Nationalist rule. But the Nationalist authorities were corrupt and repressive. Favoritism was rampant, as most governmental positions were reserved for mainlanders rather than local Taiwanese. The joy that the Taiwanese had experienced at the beginning of Nationalist rule gradually led to anger and despair. It came as no surprise that a mere dispute about the sale of tobacco would quickly escalate into a full- scale confrontation between the Taiwanese and the mainlanders on that fateful day in February 1947.
© 2018 Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA and London, England

Chapters in this book

  1. Frontmatter i
  2. Contents v
  3. Acknowledgments xxiii
  4. Introduction. Worlding Literary China 1
  5. The Multiple Beginnings Of Modern Chinese “Literature” 29
  6. Dutch Plays, Chinese Novels, And Images Of An Open World 35
  7. The Revival of Letters in Nineteenth-Century China 46
  8. Legacies in clash: anticipatory modernity versus imaginary nostalgia 51
  9. Robert morrison’s chinese literature and translated modernity 56
  10. Gongyang imaginary and looking to the confucian past for reform 62
  11. Flowers in the mirror and chinese women: “at home in the world” 69
  12. Utter disillusion and acts of repentance in late classical poetry 74
  13. In search of a chinese utopia: the taiping rebellion as a literary event 79
  14. My life in china and america and transpacific translations 85
  15. Two chinese poets are homeless at home 91
  16. Foreign devils, chinese sorcerers, and the politics of literary anachronism 97
  17. Women writers in early modern china 103
  18. Wang tao lands in hong kong 108
  19. Media, literature, and early chinese modernity 114
  20. The politics of translation and the romanization of chinese into a world language 119
  21. In lithographic journals, text and image flourish on the same page 125
  22. Lives of shanghai flowers, dialect fiction, and the genesis of vernacular modernity 133
  23. The “new novel” before the rise of the new novel 139
  24. Qiu feng jia and the poetics of tears 144
  25. Language reform and its discontents 151
  26. Oracle bones, that dangerous supplement . . . 156
  27. Liang qichao’s suspended translation and the future of chinese new fiction 161
  28. Fallen leaves, grieving cicadas, and poetic mourning after the boxer rebellion 167
  29. Eliza crosses the ice—and an ocean—and uncle tom’s cabin arrives in china 173
  30. Sherlock holmes comes to china 178
  31. Imagining Modern Utopia By Rethinking Ancient Historiography 184
  32. Wen And The “First History(-Ies) Of Chinese Literature” 190
  33. Münchhausen Travels To China Early In The Summer Of 1905, The Young Writer 196
  34. Zhang Taiyan And The Revolutionary Politics Of Literary Restoration 202
  35. Global Theatrical Spectacle In Tokyo And Shanghai 208
  36. The Death Of China’S First Feminist 214
  37. The Death Of China’S First Feminist 214
  38. From Mara To Nobel 219
  39. A Classical Poetry Society Through Revolutionary Times 225
  40. Revolution And Love 231
  41. The Book Of Datong As A Novel Of Utopia 237
  42. Hu Shi And His Experiments 242
  43. Inventing Youth In Modern China 248
  44. Zhou Yucai Writes “A Madman’S Diary” Under The Pen Name Lu Xun 254
  45. Modern Monkhood 260
  46. The Big Misnomer: “May Fourth Literature” 265
  47. Clinical Diagnosis For Taiwan 271
  48. Turning Babbitt Into Bai Bide 277
  49. Xiang Kairan’S Monkey 282
  50. New Culture And The Pedagogy Of Writing 289
  51. Xu Zhimo And Chinese Romanticism 295
  52. Enchantment With The Voice 301
  53. Lu Xun And Tombstones 306
  54. Mei Lanfang, The Denishawn Dancers, And World Theater 311
  55. “This Spirit Of Independence And Freedom Of Thought . . . Will Last For Eternity With Heaven And Earth” 319
  56. The Legend Of A Modern Woman Writer Of Classical Verse 325
  57. Ba Jin Begins To Write Anarchist Novels 331
  58. Revolution And Rhine Wine 337
  59. Genealogies Of Romantic Disease 343
  60. Gender, Commercialism, And The Literary Market 348
  61. The Author As Celebrity 354
  62. Practical Criticism In China 360
  63. Invitation To A Beheading 365
  64. The Chinese League Of Left-Wing Writers, 1930–1936 371
  65. Hei Ying’S “Pagan Love Song” 376
  66. Roots Of Peace And War, Beauty And Decay, Are Sought In China’S Good Earth 382
  67. Recollections Of Women Soldiers On The Long March 388
  68. On Language, Literature, And The Silent Screen 394
  69. The Execution Of Qu Qiubai 400
  70. The Child And The Future Of China In The Legend Of Sanmao 406
  71. Crossing The River And Ding County Experimental Theater 414
  72. One Day In China 420
  73. Resonances Of A Visual Image In The Early Twentieth Century 426
  74. Lu Xun And The Afterlife Of Texts 432
  75. Cao Yu And His Drama 437
  76. A Chinese Poet’S Wartime Dream 443
  77. William Empson, W. H. Auden, And Modernist Poetry In Wartime China 449
  78. The Lost Novel Of The Nanjing Massacre 456
  79. The Poetics And Politics Of Neo-Sensationism 462
  80. Between Chineseness And Modernity: The Film Art Of Fei Mu 467
  81. Chinese Revolution And Western Literature 473
  82. Eileen Chang In Hong Kong 478
  83. In War She Writes 484
  84. Taiwan’S Genius Lü Heruo 489
  85. The Cultural And Political Significance Of Mao Zedong’S Talks At The Yan’An Forum On Literature And Art 495
  86. The Genesis Of Peasant Revolutionary Literature 500
  87. The North Has Mei Niang 506
  88. Ideologies Of Sound In Chinese Modernist Poetry 512
  89. The Enigma Of Yu Dafu And Nanyang Literature 517
  90. On Literature And Collaboration 522
  91. On Memory And Trauma: From The 228 Incident To The White Terror 528
  92. The Socratic Tradition In Modern China 533
  93. The Life Of A Chinese Literature Textbook 539
  94. Shen Congwen’S Journey: From Asylum To Museum 544
  95. A New Time Consciousness: The Great Leap Forward 550
  96. The Genesis Of Literary History In New China 556
  97. Transnational Socialist Literature In China 562
  98. A Provocation To Literary History 568
  99. Salvaging Chinese Script And Designing The Mingkwai Typewriter 573
  100. Lao She And America 580
  101. The Emergence Of Regional Opera On The National Stage 585
  102. Lu Ling, Hu Feng, And Literary Persecution 590
  103. Hong Kong Modernism And I 597
  104. Zhou Shoujuan’S Romance À La Mandarin Ducks And Butterflies 602
  105. Orphans Of Asia 607
  106. Sino-Muslims And China’S Latin New Script: A Reunion Between Diaspora And Nationalism 613
  107. A Monumental Model For Future Perfect Theater 619
  108. Mao Zedong Publishes Nineteen Poems And Launches The New Folk Song Movement 625
  109. On The Song Of Youth And Literary Bowdlerization 630
  110. Hunger And The Chinese Malaysian Leftist Narrative 635
  111. Three Ironic Moments In My Mother Ru Zhijuan’S Literary Career 640
  112. The Legacies Of Jaroslav Průšek And C. T. Hsia 644
  113. Fu Lei And Fou Ts’Ong: Cultural Cosmopolitanism And Its Price 650
  114. The “Red Pageant” And China’S First Atomic Bomb 656
  115. Red Prison Files 663
  116. Modernism Versus Nativism In 1960S Taiwan 669
  117. The Specter Of Liu Shaoqi 674
  118. The Red Lantern: Model Plays And Model Revolutionaries 680
  119. Jin Yong Publishes The Smiling, Proud Wanderer In Ming Pao 685
  120. The Angel Island Poems: Chinese Verse In The Modern Diaspora 691
  121. In Search Of Qian Zhongshu 697
  122. A Subtle Encounter: Tête-Bêche And In The Mood For Love 703
  123. The Mysterious Death Of Bruce Lee, Chinese Nationalism, And Cinematic Legacy 707
  124. Yang Mu Negotiates Between Classicism And Modernism 712
  125. Poems From Underground 718
  126. A Modern Taiwanese Innocents Abroad 725
  127. Confessions Of A State Writer: The Novelist Hao Ran Offers A Self-Criticism 731
  128. Chen Yingzhen On The White Terror In Taiwan 737
  129. Liu Binyan And The Price Of Relevance 742
  130. A Tale Of Two Cities 747
  131. Food, Diaspora, And Nostalgia 753
  132. Discursive Heat: Humanism In 1980S China 758
  133. The Advent Of Modern Tibetan Free-Verse Poetry In The Tibetan Language 765
  134. Literary Representation Of The White Terror And Rupture In Mid-Twentieth- Century Taiwan 771
  135. Searching For Roots In Literature And Film 777
  136. The Writer And The Mad(Wo)Man 782
  137. The Birth Of China’S Literary Avant-Garde 787
  138. Gao Xing Jian’S Pursuit Of Freedom In The Spirit Of Zhuangzi 791
  139. “Rewriting Literary History” In The New Era Of Liberated Thought 797
  140. Anything Chinese About This Suicide? 803
  141. The Song That Rocked Tiananmen Square 809
  142. Trauma And Cinematic Lyricism 815
  143. From The Margins To The Mainstream: A Tale Of Two Wangs 821
  144. Meng Jinghui And Avant-Garde Chinese Theater 827
  145. The Death Of Teresa Teng 833
  146. Formal Experiments In Qiu Miaojin’S “Lesbian I Ching” 839
  147. Modern China As Seen From An Island Perspective 845
  148. “The First Modern Asian Gay Novel” 850
  149. Hong Kong’S Literary Retrocession In Three Fantastical Novels 856
  150. Representing The Sinophone, Truly: On Tsai Ming-Liang’S I Don’T Want To Sleep Alone 861
  151. The Silversmith Of Fiction 867
  152. The Poet In The Machine: Hsia Yü’S Analog Poetry Enters The Digital Age 873
  153. Sixteen-Year- Old Han Han Roughs Up The Literary Scene 879
  154. Resurrecting A Postlapsarian Pagoda In A Postrevolutionary World 883
  155. Wolf Totem And Nature Writing 889
  156. Chinese Verse Going Viral: “Removing The Shackles Of Poetry” 895
  157. Suddenly Coming Into My Own 900
  158. Writer-Wanderer Li Yongping And Chinese Malaysian Literature 906
  159. Chinese Media Fans Express Patriotism Through Parody Of Japanese Web Comic 912
  160. Ang Lee’S Adaptation, Pretense, Transmutation 918
  161. Encountering Shakespeare’S Plays In The Sinophone World 924
  162. Defending The Dignity Of The Novel 930
  163. Minority Heritage In The Age Of Multiculturalism 934
  164. Ye Si And Lyricism 940
  165. Lightning Strikes Twice: “Mother Tongue” Minority Poetry 946
  166. Chinese Science Fiction Presents The Posthuman Future 951
  167. Contributors 959
  168. Illustration Credits 987
  169. Index 989
Readers are also interested in:
https://doi.org/10.4159/9780674978898-089

Chapters in this book

  1. Frontmatter i
  2. Contents v
  3. Acknowledgments xxiii
  4. Introduction. Worlding Literary China 1
  5. The Multiple Beginnings Of Modern Chinese “Literature” 29
  6. Dutch Plays, Chinese Novels, And Images Of An Open World 35
  7. The Revival of Letters in Nineteenth-Century China 46
  8. Legacies in clash: anticipatory modernity versus imaginary nostalgia 51
  9. Robert morrison’s chinese literature and translated modernity 56
  10. Gongyang imaginary and looking to the confucian past for reform 62
  11. Flowers in the mirror and chinese women: “at home in the world” 69
  12. Utter disillusion and acts of repentance in late classical poetry 74
  13. In search of a chinese utopia: the taiping rebellion as a literary event 79
  14. My life in china and america and transpacific translations 85
  15. Two chinese poets are homeless at home 91
  16. Foreign devils, chinese sorcerers, and the politics of literary anachronism 97
  17. Women writers in early modern china 103
  18. Wang tao lands in hong kong 108
  19. Media, literature, and early chinese modernity 114
  20. The politics of translation and the romanization of chinese into a world language 119
  21. In lithographic journals, text and image flourish on the same page 125
  22. Lives of shanghai flowers, dialect fiction, and the genesis of vernacular modernity 133
  23. The “new novel” before the rise of the new novel 139
  24. Qiu feng jia and the poetics of tears 144
  25. Language reform and its discontents 151
  26. Oracle bones, that dangerous supplement . . . 156
  27. Liang qichao’s suspended translation and the future of chinese new fiction 161
  28. Fallen leaves, grieving cicadas, and poetic mourning after the boxer rebellion 167
  29. Eliza crosses the ice—and an ocean—and uncle tom’s cabin arrives in china 173
  30. Sherlock holmes comes to china 178
  31. Imagining Modern Utopia By Rethinking Ancient Historiography 184
  32. Wen And The “First History(-Ies) Of Chinese Literature” 190
  33. Münchhausen Travels To China Early In The Summer Of 1905, The Young Writer 196
  34. Zhang Taiyan And The Revolutionary Politics Of Literary Restoration 202
  35. Global Theatrical Spectacle In Tokyo And Shanghai 208
  36. The Death Of China’S First Feminist 214
  37. The Death Of China’S First Feminist 214
  38. From Mara To Nobel 219
  39. A Classical Poetry Society Through Revolutionary Times 225
  40. Revolution And Love 231
  41. The Book Of Datong As A Novel Of Utopia 237
  42. Hu Shi And His Experiments 242
  43. Inventing Youth In Modern China 248
  44. Zhou Yucai Writes “A Madman’S Diary” Under The Pen Name Lu Xun 254
  45. Modern Monkhood 260
  46. The Big Misnomer: “May Fourth Literature” 265
  47. Clinical Diagnosis For Taiwan 271
  48. Turning Babbitt Into Bai Bide 277
  49. Xiang Kairan’S Monkey 282
  50. New Culture And The Pedagogy Of Writing 289
  51. Xu Zhimo And Chinese Romanticism 295
  52. Enchantment With The Voice 301
  53. Lu Xun And Tombstones 306
  54. Mei Lanfang, The Denishawn Dancers, And World Theater 311
  55. “This Spirit Of Independence And Freedom Of Thought . . . Will Last For Eternity With Heaven And Earth” 319
  56. The Legend Of A Modern Woman Writer Of Classical Verse 325
  57. Ba Jin Begins To Write Anarchist Novels 331
  58. Revolution And Rhine Wine 337
  59. Genealogies Of Romantic Disease 343
  60. Gender, Commercialism, And The Literary Market 348
  61. The Author As Celebrity 354
  62. Practical Criticism In China 360
  63. Invitation To A Beheading 365
  64. The Chinese League Of Left-Wing Writers, 1930–1936 371
  65. Hei Ying’S “Pagan Love Song” 376
  66. Roots Of Peace And War, Beauty And Decay, Are Sought In China’S Good Earth 382
  67. Recollections Of Women Soldiers On The Long March 388
  68. On Language, Literature, And The Silent Screen 394
  69. The Execution Of Qu Qiubai 400
  70. The Child And The Future Of China In The Legend Of Sanmao 406
  71. Crossing The River And Ding County Experimental Theater 414
  72. One Day In China 420
  73. Resonances Of A Visual Image In The Early Twentieth Century 426
  74. Lu Xun And The Afterlife Of Texts 432
  75. Cao Yu And His Drama 437
  76. A Chinese Poet’S Wartime Dream 443
  77. William Empson, W. H. Auden, And Modernist Poetry In Wartime China 449
  78. The Lost Novel Of The Nanjing Massacre 456
  79. The Poetics And Politics Of Neo-Sensationism 462
  80. Between Chineseness And Modernity: The Film Art Of Fei Mu 467
  81. Chinese Revolution And Western Literature 473
  82. Eileen Chang In Hong Kong 478
  83. In War She Writes 484
  84. Taiwan’S Genius Lü Heruo 489
  85. The Cultural And Political Significance Of Mao Zedong’S Talks At The Yan’An Forum On Literature And Art 495
  86. The Genesis Of Peasant Revolutionary Literature 500
  87. The North Has Mei Niang 506
  88. Ideologies Of Sound In Chinese Modernist Poetry 512
  89. The Enigma Of Yu Dafu And Nanyang Literature 517
  90. On Literature And Collaboration 522
  91. On Memory And Trauma: From The 228 Incident To The White Terror 528
  92. The Socratic Tradition In Modern China 533
  93. The Life Of A Chinese Literature Textbook 539
  94. Shen Congwen’S Journey: From Asylum To Museum 544
  95. A New Time Consciousness: The Great Leap Forward 550
  96. The Genesis Of Literary History In New China 556
  97. Transnational Socialist Literature In China 562
  98. A Provocation To Literary History 568
  99. Salvaging Chinese Script And Designing The Mingkwai Typewriter 573
  100. Lao She And America 580
  101. The Emergence Of Regional Opera On The National Stage 585
  102. Lu Ling, Hu Feng, And Literary Persecution 590
  103. Hong Kong Modernism And I 597
  104. Zhou Shoujuan’S Romance À La Mandarin Ducks And Butterflies 602
  105. Orphans Of Asia 607
  106. Sino-Muslims And China’S Latin New Script: A Reunion Between Diaspora And Nationalism 613
  107. A Monumental Model For Future Perfect Theater 619
  108. Mao Zedong Publishes Nineteen Poems And Launches The New Folk Song Movement 625
  109. On The Song Of Youth And Literary Bowdlerization 630
  110. Hunger And The Chinese Malaysian Leftist Narrative 635
  111. Three Ironic Moments In My Mother Ru Zhijuan’S Literary Career 640
  112. The Legacies Of Jaroslav Průšek And C. T. Hsia 644
  113. Fu Lei And Fou Ts’Ong: Cultural Cosmopolitanism And Its Price 650
  114. The “Red Pageant” And China’S First Atomic Bomb 656
  115. Red Prison Files 663
  116. Modernism Versus Nativism In 1960S Taiwan 669
  117. The Specter Of Liu Shaoqi 674
  118. The Red Lantern: Model Plays And Model Revolutionaries 680
  119. Jin Yong Publishes The Smiling, Proud Wanderer In Ming Pao 685
  120. The Angel Island Poems: Chinese Verse In The Modern Diaspora 691
  121. In Search Of Qian Zhongshu 697
  122. A Subtle Encounter: Tête-Bêche And In The Mood For Love 703
  123. The Mysterious Death Of Bruce Lee, Chinese Nationalism, And Cinematic Legacy 707
  124. Yang Mu Negotiates Between Classicism And Modernism 712
  125. Poems From Underground 718
  126. A Modern Taiwanese Innocents Abroad 725
  127. Confessions Of A State Writer: The Novelist Hao Ran Offers A Self-Criticism 731
  128. Chen Yingzhen On The White Terror In Taiwan 737
  129. Liu Binyan And The Price Of Relevance 742
  130. A Tale Of Two Cities 747
  131. Food, Diaspora, And Nostalgia 753
  132. Discursive Heat: Humanism In 1980S China 758
  133. The Advent Of Modern Tibetan Free-Verse Poetry In The Tibetan Language 765
  134. Literary Representation Of The White Terror And Rupture In Mid-Twentieth- Century Taiwan 771
  135. Searching For Roots In Literature And Film 777
  136. The Writer And The Mad(Wo)Man 782
  137. The Birth Of China’S Literary Avant-Garde 787
  138. Gao Xing Jian’S Pursuit Of Freedom In The Spirit Of Zhuangzi 791
  139. “Rewriting Literary History” In The New Era Of Liberated Thought 797
  140. Anything Chinese About This Suicide? 803
  141. The Song That Rocked Tiananmen Square 809
  142. Trauma And Cinematic Lyricism 815
  143. From The Margins To The Mainstream: A Tale Of Two Wangs 821
  144. Meng Jinghui And Avant-Garde Chinese Theater 827
  145. The Death Of Teresa Teng 833
  146. Formal Experiments In Qiu Miaojin’S “Lesbian I Ching” 839
  147. Modern China As Seen From An Island Perspective 845
  148. “The First Modern Asian Gay Novel” 850
  149. Hong Kong’S Literary Retrocession In Three Fantastical Novels 856
  150. Representing The Sinophone, Truly: On Tsai Ming-Liang’S I Don’T Want To Sleep Alone 861
  151. The Silversmith Of Fiction 867
  152. The Poet In The Machine: Hsia Yü’S Analog Poetry Enters The Digital Age 873
  153. Sixteen-Year- Old Han Han Roughs Up The Literary Scene 879
  154. Resurrecting A Postlapsarian Pagoda In A Postrevolutionary World 883
  155. Wolf Totem And Nature Writing 889
  156. Chinese Verse Going Viral: “Removing The Shackles Of Poetry” 895
  157. Suddenly Coming Into My Own 900
  158. Writer-Wanderer Li Yongping And Chinese Malaysian Literature 906
  159. Chinese Media Fans Express Patriotism Through Parody Of Japanese Web Comic 912
  160. Ang Lee’S Adaptation, Pretense, Transmutation 918
  161. Encountering Shakespeare’S Plays In The Sinophone World 924
  162. Defending The Dignity Of The Novel 930
  163. Minority Heritage In The Age Of Multiculturalism 934
  164. Ye Si And Lyricism 940
  165. Lightning Strikes Twice: “Mother Tongue” Minority Poetry 946
  166. Chinese Science Fiction Presents The Posthuman Future 951
  167. Contributors 959
  168. Illustration Credits 987
  169. Index 989
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