Nuclear model calculation on charged particle induced reactions to produce 85Sr for diagnostic and endotherapy
-
T. Kakavand
, M. Sadeghi and Z. Alipoor
Abstract
85Sr, having a half-life of 64.8 d, is an important radionuclide in nuclear medicine diagnostic and endotherapy. The ALICE/ASH code was used to calculate excitation functions for proton, alpha and deuteron induced on various targets that lead to the production of 85Sr radioisotopes using intermediate energy accelerators. Recommended thickness of the targets according to SRIM code was premeditated. The application of those data, particularly in the calculation of integral yields, is discussed and theoretical integral yields for different reactions were computed. To consider precision of ALICE/ASH code calculations, experimental excitation functions in several decay channels was compared with ALICE/ASH code data. The 85Rb(p, n)85Sr process was determined as most interesting one due to radionuclidic purity. The ALICE/ASH code predicts a maximum cross-section of about 798 mb at 11 MeV for this reaction.
Kurzfassung
85Sr ist mit einer Halbwertszeit von 64,8 d ein wichtiges Radionuklid in der nuklearmedizinischen Diagnostik und Endotherapie. Der ALICE/ASH Code wurde verwendet, um Anregungsfunktionen für Protonen, Alphas und Deuteronen zu berechnen bei der Erzeugung von 85Sr mit Hilfe verschiedener Targets und Beschleunigern mittlerer Energie. Die im Rahmen des SRIM Codes empfohlene Targetdicke wurde vorher überlegt. Die Anwendung dieser Daten, insbesondere bei der Berechnung der Integralausbeuten, wird diskutiert und theoretische Integralausbeuten für verschiedene Reaktionen werden berechnet. Zur Betrachtung der Genauigkeit von ALICE/ASH Code Berechnungen wurden experimentelle Anregungsfunktionen in verschiedenen Zerfallskanälen verglichen mit ALICE/ASH Code Rechenergebnissen. Die 85Rb(p, n)85Sr Reaktion wurde wegen ihrer Radionuklidreinheit als interessanteste Reaktion identifiziert. Der ALICE/ASH Code sagt für diese Reaktion einen Querschnitt von etwa 798 mb bei 11 MeV voraus.
References
1 Firestone, R. B.: Table of isotopes. Version 1.0, Wiely interscience, (1996)Search in Google Scholar
2 Uddin, M. S.; Baba, M.; Hagiwara, M.; Tarkanyi, F.; Ditroi, F.: Experimental studies on excitation function of the proton-induced activation reactions on yttrium. Applied Radiation and Isotopes63 (2005) 367Search in Google Scholar
3 Giaminaril, F.; Mognetti, T.; Blondet, C.; Desuzinges, C.; Chauvot, P.: Bone pain palliation with 85Sr therapy. Journal of Nuclear and Medicine40 (1999) 585Search in Google Scholar
4 Hamaoka, T.; Mardewell, E.; Podoloffa, A.; Hortobagyi, N.; Ueno, T.: Bone imaging in metastatic breast cancer. Journal of Clinical Oncology22 (2004) 2942Search in Google Scholar
5 Ronai, P.; Winchell, H. S.; Anger, H. O.: Skeletal survey for metastatic tumors of bone using 18F and 85Sr with scintillation camera and whole-body scanner. Journal of Nuclear Medicine9 (1968) 517Search in Google Scholar
6 Smith, P. M.; Strelow, F. W. E.; Bohmer, R. G.: The separation of carrier-free 85Sr from a rubidium chloride cyclotron target. Applied Radiation and Isotopes37 (1986) 240Search in Google Scholar
7 Kastleiner, S.; Qaim, S. M.; Nortier, F. M.; Blessing, G.; Coenen, H. H.: Excitation functions of 85Rb(p, xn)85m,g,83,82,81Sr reactions up to 100 MeV: integral tests of cross section data, comparison of production routes of 83Sr and thick target yield of 82Sr. Applied Radiation and Isotopes56 (2002) 68510.1016/S0969-8043(01)00267-6Search in Google Scholar
8 Levkovskij, V. N.: Activation cross section nuclides of average masses (A = 40–100) by proton and alpha-particles with average energies (E = 10–50) Act. Cs. By Proton and Alpha, Moscow (1991)Search in Google Scholar
9 Sakamoto, K.; Dohniwa, M.; Okada, K.: Excitation function for (p, xn) and (p, pxn) reactions on natural 79+81Br, 85+87Rb, 127I and 123Cs up to Ep = 52 MeV. Applied Radiation and Isotopes36 (1985) 481Search in Google Scholar
10 Ido, T.; Hermanne, A.; Ditroi, F.; Szucs, Z.; Mahunka, I.; Tarkanyi, F.: Excitation function of proton induced nuclear reactions on natRb from 30 to 70 MeV. Implication for the production of 82Sr and other medically important Rb and Sr radioisotopes. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B194 (2002) 369Search in Google Scholar
11 Buthelezi, E. Z.; Nortier, F. M.; Schroder, I. W.: Excitation functions for the production of 82Sr by proton bombardment of natRb at energies up to 100 MeV. Applied Radiation and Isotopes64 (2006) 91510.1016/j.apradiso.2006.03.009Search in Google Scholar PubMed
12 Uddin, M. S.; Baba, M.; Hagiwara, M.; Tarkanyi, F.; Ditroi, F.: Experimental determination of deuteron-induced activation cross section of yttrium, Radiochimica Acta95 (2007) 187Search in Google Scholar
13 Broeders, C. H. M. A.; Konobeyev, A. Y.; Korovin, Y. A.; Lunev, V. P.; Blann, M.: ALICE/ASH–Pre-compound and evaporation model code system for calculation of excitation functions, energy and angular distributions of emitted particles in nuclear reaction at intermediate energies. FZK 7183, (2006) http://bibliothek.fzk.de/zb/berichte/FZKA7183.pdfSearch in Google Scholar
14 Forrest, R. A.; Kopecky, J.; Sublet, J. C.: The European Activation File: EAF-2005 Cross Section Library, UKAEA FUS515 (2005)10.1063/1.1944980Search in Google Scholar
15 Qaim, S. M.: Nuclear data for production of new medical radionuclides. Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology2 (2002) 1272Search in Google Scholar
16 Aydin, A.; Sarer, B.; Tel, E.: New calculation of excitation function of proton-induced reactions in some medical isotopes of Cu, Zn and Ga. Applied Radiation and Isotopes65 (2007) 365Search in Google Scholar
17 Kaplan, A.; Aydin, A.; Tel, E.; Sarer, B.: Equilibrium and pre-equilibrium emissions in proton-induced reactions on 203,205Tl. Journal of Physics72 (2009) 343Search in Google Scholar
18 Ziegler, J. F.; Biersack, J. P.; Littmark, U.: The code of SRIM – the stopping and range of ions in matter. IBM Research, New York, USA (2006)Search in Google Scholar
19 Blann, M.: Importance of the nuclear density distribution on pre-equilibrium decay. Phys. Rev. Lett.28 (1972) 757Search in Google Scholar
20 Blann, M.; Vonach, H. K.: Global test of modified precompound decay models. Phys. Rev. C28 (1983) 1475Search in Google Scholar
21 Weisskopf, V. F.; Ewing, D. H.: On the yield of nuclear reactions with heavy elements. Phys. Rev.57 (1940) 472Search in Google Scholar
22 Blann, M.: ALICE-91: Statistical Model Code System with Fission Competition, RSIC Code Package PSR-146Search in Google Scholar
23 Konobeyev, A. Y.; Korovin, Y. A.; Pereslavtsev, P. E.: Yadernaja Energetika (Transactions of High School. Ser.: Nuclear Power Engineering)1 (1997) 2Search in Google Scholar
24 Konobeyev, A. Y.; Korovin, Y. A.; Pereslavtsev, P. E.: Code ALICE/ASH for calculation of excitation functions, energy and angular distributions of emitted particles in nuclear reactions. Obninsk Institute of Nuclear Power Engineering, (1997)Search in Google Scholar
25 Dityuk, A. I.; Konobeyev, A. Y.; Lunev, V. P.; Shubin, Y. N.: New advanced version of computer code ALICE-IPPE, Report INDC(CCP)-410 (1998)Search in Google Scholar
26 Shubin, Y. N.; Lunev, V. P.; Konobeyev, A. Y.; Dityuk, A. I.: Cross-section library MENDL-2 to study activation and transmutation of materials irradiated by nucleons of intermediate energies. Report INDC(CCP)-385 (1995)Search in Google Scholar
27 Konobeyev, A. Y.; Korovin, Y. A.; Vecchi, M.: Kerntechnik64 (1999) 216Search in Google Scholar
28 Konobeyev, A. Y.; Fukahori, T.; Iwamoto, O.: Neutron and proton nuclear data evaluation for 235U and 238U at energies up to 250 MeV, Report JAERI-Research, (2002)Search in Google Scholar
29 Daum, E.; Fischer, U.; Konobeyev, A. Y.; Korovin, Y. A.; Lunev, V. P.; Mollendorff, U.; Pereslavtsev, P. E.; Sokcic-Kostic, M.; Stankovsky, A. Y.; Wilson, P. P. H.; Woll, D.: Neutronics of the High flux test region of the international fusion materials irradiation facility (IFMIF), Report of Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, FZKA5868, (1997)Search in Google Scholar
30 Korovin, Y. A.; Konobeyev, A. Y.; Pereslavtsev, P. E.; Stankovsky, A. Y.; Broeders, I.; Fischer, U.; Mollendorff, U.; Wilson, P. P. H.; Woll, D.: In: Proc. Int. Conf. Nuclear Data for Science and Technology, Trieste, Italy, 851 (1997)Search in Google Scholar
31 Korovin, Y. A.; Konobeyev, A. Y.; Pereslavtsev, P. E.; Stankovsky, A. Y.; Broeders, C.; Broeders, I.; Fischer, U.; von Mollendorff, U.: Evaluated nuclear data files for accelerator driven systems and other intermediate and high-energy applications. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A, 463 (2001) 544Search in Google Scholar
32 Konobeyev, A. Y.; Korovin, Y. A.: Kerntechnik60 (1995) 147Search in Google Scholar
33 Konobeyev, A. Y.; Fukahori, T.; Iwamoto, O.: Nuclear data evaluation for 238Pu, 239Pu, 240Pu, 241Pu and 242Pu irradiated by neutrons and protons at the energies up to 250 MeV, Report JAERI-Research, (2002)Search in Google Scholar
34 Konobeyev, A. Y.; Fukahori, T.; Iwamoto, O.: Nuclear data evaluation for 237Np, 241Am, 242gAm and 242mAm irradiated by neutrons and protons at energies up to 250 MeV, Report JAERI-Research, (2002)Search in Google Scholar
35 Betak, E.; Dobes, J.: Z. Phys. A279 (1976) 31910.1007/BF01408305Search in Google Scholar
36 Korovin, Y. A.; Konobeyev, A. Y.; Pereslavtsev, P. E.; Stankovsky, A. Y.; Broeders, I.; Fischer, U.; von Mollendorf, U.: Evaluated nuclear data files for accelerator driven systems and other intermediate and high-energy applications. Nucl. Instr. and Meth. A463 (2001) 544Search in Google Scholar
37 Iwamoto, A.; Harada, K.: Mechanism of cluster emission in nucleon-induced Preequilibrium reactions. Phys. Rev. C26 (1982) 1821Search in Google Scholar
38 Sato, K.; Iwamoto, A.; Harada, K.: Pre-equilibrium emission of light composite particles in the framework of the exciton model. Phys. Rev. C28 (1983) 1527Search in Google Scholar
39 Oblozinsky, P.; Ribansky, I.: Emission rate of preformed α-particles in Preequilibrium decay, Phys. Lett. B74 (1978) 6Search in Google Scholar
© 2010, Carl Hanser Verlag, München
Articles in the same Issue
- Contents/Inhalt
- Contents
- Summaries/Kurzfassungen
- Summaries
- Technical Contributions/Fachbeiträge
- Integrated online condition monitoring system for nuclear power plants
- Performance analysis of 233U for fixed bed nuclear reactors
- 3D thermal hydraulic simulation of the hot channel of a typical material testing reactor under normal operation conditions
- Analysis of the processes in the target cooling system of the W7-X fusion experiment
- Nuclear model calculation on charged particle induced reactions to produce 85Sr for diagnostic and endotherapy
- Neutronic and burn-up calculations of heterogeneous Thorium/Uranium fuel in pressurized water reactors
- Research on pitting corrosion of steam generator heat transfer tubes based on acoustic emission
- Application of the Chebyshev polynomial (TN and UN) approximation to reflected slab geometry in the neutron transport equation and computation of critical half thicknesses
- UN approximation to critical slab problem for one-speed neutrons with isotropic, forward and backward scattering
- The albedo problem for pure-quadratic anisotropic scattering with İnönü scattering
- Technical Notes/Technische Mitteilungen
- Targetry of Y2O3 on a copper substrate for the non-carrier-added 89Zr production via 89Y(p, n)89Zr reaction
Articles in the same Issue
- Contents/Inhalt
- Contents
- Summaries/Kurzfassungen
- Summaries
- Technical Contributions/Fachbeiträge
- Integrated online condition monitoring system for nuclear power plants
- Performance analysis of 233U for fixed bed nuclear reactors
- 3D thermal hydraulic simulation of the hot channel of a typical material testing reactor under normal operation conditions
- Analysis of the processes in the target cooling system of the W7-X fusion experiment
- Nuclear model calculation on charged particle induced reactions to produce 85Sr for diagnostic and endotherapy
- Neutronic and burn-up calculations of heterogeneous Thorium/Uranium fuel in pressurized water reactors
- Research on pitting corrosion of steam generator heat transfer tubes based on acoustic emission
- Application of the Chebyshev polynomial (TN and UN) approximation to reflected slab geometry in the neutron transport equation and computation of critical half thicknesses
- UN approximation to critical slab problem for one-speed neutrons with isotropic, forward and backward scattering
- The albedo problem for pure-quadratic anisotropic scattering with İnönü scattering
- Technical Notes/Technische Mitteilungen
- Targetry of Y2O3 on a copper substrate for the non-carrier-added 89Zr production via 89Y(p, n)89Zr reaction