Startseite Naturwissenschaften Impact of Surfactants on the Performance of “Green Additives” as Calcium Carbonate Inhibitors for Aqueous Systems
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Impact of Surfactants on the Performance of “Green Additives” as Calcium Carbonate Inhibitors for Aqueous Systems

  • Zahid Amjad und Peter G. Koutsoukos
Veröffentlicht/Copyright: 1. Mai 2013
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Tenside Surfactants Detergents
Aus der Zeitschrift Tenside Surfactants Detergents Band 51 Heft 1

Abstract

The inhibition of calcium carbonate (CaCO3) precipitation by “green” additives has been examined in aqueous solution. It has been found that additive performance as CaCO3 inhibitor depends upon additive architecture. The influence of surfactants containing different functional group has also been investigated. Results on the evaluation of surfactants suggest that compared to carboxyl group containing additives, surfactants are ineffective CaCO3 inhibitors. Performance data on the impact of cationic surfactant (e. g., cetyltrimethyl ammonium chloride, CTAC) suggest that CTAC exhibits an antagonistic effect on the performance of polymers. The antagonistic behavior shown by CTAC on the performance of additives has been explained in terms of cationic – anionic interactions. SEM study shows that presence of low concentration of additive exhibits marked influence on the morphology of CaCO3 crystals formed in presence of additives.

Kurzfassung

Die Inhibierung von Calciumcarbonat-Niederschlägen (CaCO3) mittels „Grüner Additive“ wurde in wässrigen Lösungen untersucht. Es wurde gefunden, dass die Leistung des Additivs als CaCO3-Inhibitor von dem Bau des Additivs abhängt. Der Einfluss von Tensiden, die unterschiedliche funktionelle Gruppen aufweisen, wurde auch untersucht. Die Auswertung für die Tenside ergab, dass sie im Vergleich zu den Carbonylgruppen enthaltenden Additiven als CaCO3-Inhibitoren nicht effektiv sind. Die Daten zum Einfluss des kationischen Tensids (z. B. Cetyltrimethylammoniumchlorid, CTAC) machen deutlich, dass CTAC einen antagonistischen Effekt auf die Leistung der Polymere aufweist. Das antagonistische Verhalten, gezeigt am Beispiel CTAC, auf die Leistung der Additive konnte mit Hilfe von kationisch-anionischen Wechselwirkungen erklärt werden. Die SEM-Untersuchung zeigt, dass die Gegenwart eines Additivs in geringer Konzentration einen deutlichen Einfluss auf die Morphologie des sich in Anwesenheit des Additivs bildenden CaCO3-Kristals hat.

Key words: Calcium carbonate; scale; inhibition; additives; surfactants
Stichwörter: Calciumcarbonat; Kalkablagerung; Inhibierung; Additive; Tenside
Correspondence address Dr. Zahid Amjad, Division of Mathematics and Sciences, Walsh University, North Canton, Ohio 44720, USA, E-Mail:

Zahid Amjad, Ph. D., has over 30 years experience in the water treatment, membrane processes, household, personal care, and pharmaceutical fields. He has published over 150 technical papers and is holder of 30 US patents. Dr. Amjad has edited six books and has presented papers at national and international conferences. Dr. Amjad is a member of several professional societies and is a recipient of Association of Water Technologies 2002 Ray Baum Memorial Water Technologist of the year award. His current research interests include development and applications of water soluble polymers, inhibition of mineral scale formation, and water purification. Dr. Amjad is also a Visiting Professor in Chemistry at Walsh University, North Canton, Ohio.

Peter G. Koutsoukos, Ph. D., is a Professor of the Department of Chemical Engineering of the University of Patras, Director of the Laboratory of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry and collaborating faculty member of FORTH/ICE-HT. Research experience of over 30 years on the crystallization of inorganic salts from aqueous solutions, physicochemical phenomena at interfaces between solids and water and on metals corrosion. Over 180 publications in refereed international journals have resulted from this work. Dr. Koutsoukos has participated in national and EU projects related with scale formation, geothermal energy utilization, and corrosion of metallic surfaces.

References

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Received: 2013-06-09
Accepted: 2013-09-04
Published Online: 2013-05-01
Published in Print: 2014-01-20

© 2014, Carl Hanser Publisher, Munich

Artikel in diesem Heft

  1. Contents/Inhalt
  2. Contents
  3. Abstracts
  4. Abstracts
  5. Application
  6. Enhancing the Surface Properties of Some Amine Alginate Salts with Cationic Surfactant
  7. Method Development
  8. Transmission Measurements as Tool to Study Phase Transitions of Liquid Mixtures
  9. Novel Surfactant
  10. Synthesis and Surface Active Properties of Dimeric Gemini Sulfonate Surfactants
  11. Physical Chemistry
  12. Efficiency Boosting in Technical Grade Sugar Surfactant Based Microemulsions Using Pluronics
  13. Impact of Surfactants on the Performance of “Green Additives” as Calcium Carbonate Inhibitors for Aqueous Systems
  14. Study of Surfactant (Benzyldimethylhexadecylammonium Chloride) Effect on Selected Properties of Hydrogels
  15. Physicochemical Properties of Quaternary Ammonium Surfactants with Hydroxyethyl Groups
  16. Environmental Chemistry
  17. Removal of Basic Red 5 on Calcined Kaolinite – Characterization and Adsorption Kinetics
  18. Conference and Meeting Report
  19. Emulsions and Dispersions, Trends in Detergency, Cleaning and Hygiene, Sustainability and Product Safety, Forum for Innovations
https://doi.org/10.3139/113.110284
Schlagwörter für diesen Artikel
Calcium carbonate; scale; inhibition; additives; surfactants

Artikel in diesem Heft

  1. Contents/Inhalt
  2. Contents
  3. Abstracts
  4. Abstracts
  5. Application
  6. Enhancing the Surface Properties of Some Amine Alginate Salts with Cationic Surfactant
  7. Method Development
  8. Transmission Measurements as Tool to Study Phase Transitions of Liquid Mixtures
  9. Novel Surfactant
  10. Synthesis and Surface Active Properties of Dimeric Gemini Sulfonate Surfactants
  11. Physical Chemistry
  12. Efficiency Boosting in Technical Grade Sugar Surfactant Based Microemulsions Using Pluronics
  13. Impact of Surfactants on the Performance of “Green Additives” as Calcium Carbonate Inhibitors for Aqueous Systems
  14. Study of Surfactant (Benzyldimethylhexadecylammonium Chloride) Effect on Selected Properties of Hydrogels
  15. Physicochemical Properties of Quaternary Ammonium Surfactants with Hydroxyethyl Groups
  16. Environmental Chemistry
  17. Removal of Basic Red 5 on Calcined Kaolinite – Characterization and Adsorption Kinetics
  18. Conference and Meeting Report
  19. Emulsions and Dispersions, Trends in Detergency, Cleaning and Hygiene, Sustainability and Product Safety, Forum for Innovations
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