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Transmission Measurements as Tool to Study Phase Transitions of Liquid Mixtures

  • Michaela Laupheimer and Cosima Stubenrauch
Published/Copyright: May 1, 2013
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Tenside Surfactants Detergents
From the journal Tenside Surfactants Detergents Volume 51 Issue 1

Abstract

We present a quantitative method to determine the phase transition temperatures between one-phase and two-phase regions of multi-component liquid mixtures via temperature-dependent transmission measurements with an UV/Vis spectrometer. The method is based on the fact that multi-phase samples are turbid, while one-phase samples are transparent. We describe the method in detail and discuss the choice of the experimental parameters (wavelength, sample layer thickness), a suitable temperature program as well as the data analysis. We prove the validity of our method by measuring the phase diagrams of two model systems, namely a liquid and a gelled microemulsion. The results are in good agreement with those obtained with the conventional visual method used for phase studies.

Kurzfassung

Es wird eine Methode vorgestellt, die es ermöglicht, Phasenübergangstemperaturen zwischen ein- und zweiphasigen Bereichen flüssiger Mehrkomponentensysteme quantitativ zu bestimmen. Dazu werden temperaturabhängige Transmissionsmessungen mit einem UV/Vis-Spektrometer durchgeführt, da mehrphasige Proben trüb und einphasige Proben klar bleiben, was sich in der Transmission der Proben zeigt. Wir beschreiben die Methode hier im Detail und diskutieren die Wahl der experimentellen Parameter (Wellenlänge, Probenschichtdicke), ein geeignetes Temperaturprogramm, sowie die Analyse der Messdaten. Um die Anwendbarkeit der Methode zu demonstrieren, wurden die Phasendiagramme zweier Modellsysteme – einer flüssigen und einer gelierten Mikroemulsion – gemessen. Die Ergebnisse stimmen sehr gut mit denen überein, die mit Hilfe der konventionellen visuellen Methode für Phasenstudien gewonnen wurden.

Key words: Phase boundaries; phase transition temperature; turbidity; transmission measurements; Microemulsions
Stichwörter: Phasengrenzen; Phasenübergangstemperatur; Trübung; Transmissionsmessungen Mikroemulsionen
Correspondence address Prof. Dr. Cosima Stubenrauch, University of Stuttgart, Institute of Physical Chemistry, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, Tel.: +49 (0) 7 11/6 85-6 44 70, Fax: +49 (0)7 11/6 85-6 44 43, E-Mail:

Dipl.-Chem. Michaela Laupheimer studied chemistry at the University of Stuttgart (Germany). She did a six-month internship at the Robert Bosch LLC Research and Technology Center in Palo Alto (USA) from August 2008 to January 2009 and received her diploma in March 2010. Since then she is working on her PhD thesis at the Institute of Physical Chemistry at the University of Stuttgart.

Prof. Dr. Cosima Stubenrauch studied chemistry at the universities of Münster and Freiburg and received her PhD in Physical Chemistry at the TU Berlin in 1997. After a postdoctoral year at the Université Paris Sud, she worked as an associate researcher and lecturer at the Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Cologne, from 1999 to 2004. From 2005 to 2009 she worked at University College Dublin. Since 2009 she is professor and head of chair “Physical Chemistry of Condensed Matter” at the University of Stuttgart (Germany). Furthermore, since 2010 she is docent in Physical Chemistry in Thin Films at the KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm (Sweden).

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Received: 2013-08-06
Accepted: 2013-10-12
Published Online: 2013-05-01
Published in Print: 2014-01-20

© 2014, Carl Hanser Publisher, Munich

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https://doi.org/10.3139/113.110281
Keywords for this article
Phase boundaries; phase transition temperature; turbidity; transmission measurements; Microemulsions

Articles in the same Issue

  1. Contents/Inhalt
  2. Contents
  3. Abstracts
  4. Abstracts
  5. Application
  6. Enhancing the Surface Properties of Some Amine Alginate Salts with Cationic Surfactant
  7. Method Development
  8. Transmission Measurements as Tool to Study Phase Transitions of Liquid Mixtures
  9. Novel Surfactant
  10. Synthesis and Surface Active Properties of Dimeric Gemini Sulfonate Surfactants
  11. Physical Chemistry
  12. Efficiency Boosting in Technical Grade Sugar Surfactant Based Microemulsions Using Pluronics
  13. Impact of Surfactants on the Performance of “Green Additives” as Calcium Carbonate Inhibitors for Aqueous Systems
  14. Study of Surfactant (Benzyldimethylhexadecylammonium Chloride) Effect on Selected Properties of Hydrogels
  15. Physicochemical Properties of Quaternary Ammonium Surfactants with Hydroxyethyl Groups
  16. Environmental Chemistry
  17. Removal of Basic Red 5 on Calcined Kaolinite – Characterization and Adsorption Kinetics
  18. Conference and Meeting Report
  19. Emulsions and Dispersions, Trends in Detergency, Cleaning and Hygiene, Sustainability and Product Safety, Forum for Innovations
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