Vapor-phases as Cu transport agents for the shear-zone-hosted mineralization system: A perspective from H-O-S-Cu isotopes
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Yun Zhao
Abstract
Elucidating metal transport agents is the key to understanding the genesis of deposits and tracking the locations of concealed orebodies. Here, we integrate H-O-S-Cu isotopic data from the shear-zone-hosted Lingyun Cu deposit, China, as a means to fingerprint metal transport agents. Sulfide mineralization can be divided into early and late stages, which consist of chalcopyrite + bornite + quartz veins and chalcopyrite + bornite + ankerite veinlets, respectively. Both δ18Ofluid and δD values of fluid inclusions hosted by quartz (δ18Ofluid: 0.5‰ to 9.9‰, δD: –103.9‰ to –60.1‰) and δ65Cu values of sulfides (–1.85‰ to +0.39‰) from the early stage progressively decrease from the southeastern to northwestern portions of the Lingyun deposit, whereas sulfide δ34S simultaneously shifts toward heavier values (–14.4‰ to 5.0‰). The δ34S and δ65Cu values of sulfides from the late stage have restricted ranges from –11.2‰ to –9.3‰ and –0.30‰ to 0.05‰, respectively. The possibilities of meteoric water addition, water-rock interaction, inter-mineral Cu partitioning, diffusion, and oxidation could be ruled out as reasons for having caused systematic H-O-S-Cu isotope variations. Vapor-liquid separation resulted in preferential incorporation of light Cu, H, and O isotopes into the vapor phase. The decrease in oxygen fugacity in the fluids resulted in a shift toward heavier δ34S values as fluid flowed outward. Vapor-phases are the dominant transport agents for Cu in the Lingyun deposit, which may be widely applicable to shear-zone-hosted deposits. The direction of progressively increasing δ65Cu, δD, and δ18O values and decreasing δ34S values allows identification of potential locations of concealed orebodies.
Funding statement: This research is jointly supported by the National Key Research Program of China (2022YFF0800902), the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities, CHD (300102263505), the Research Startup Project of Yunnan University (YJRC4201804), the Open Research Project from the State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources (GPMR202307), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (41803013), and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (QZ05201905). C.X. acknowledges funding under the National 305 Project Office of Xinjiang and Department of Human Resources and Social Security of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Introduced Project “Tianchi talent”. R.S. acknowledges funding under Natural Environment Research Council Grant NE/ P017452/1: “From arc magmas to ores (FAMOS): A mineral systems approach.” This work is a contribution to IGCP project #662 under patronage of IUGS and UNESCO.
Acknowledgments
We are grateful to Dandan Li, Ze-Zhou Wang, and Yiwen Lv for their assistance in the lab. We thank Stefan Höhn for his comments on the early version of this manuscript. We extend our gratitude to two anonymous reviewers for their constructive comments and Associate Editor William H. Peck for his editorial input.
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Articles in the same Issue
- Interfacial interactions controlling adsorption of metal cations on montmorillonite
- Microstructural and compositional evolutions during transformation from biotite to berthierine: Implications for phyllosilicate alteration processes
- Vapor-phases as Cu transport agents for the shear-zone-hosted mineralization system: A perspective from H-O-S-Cu isotopes
- Don Juan Basin, Antarctica: A chemically altering environment with martian analog potential
- High-pressure polymorphs of ferroan dolomite: Possible host structures for carbon in the lower mantle
- Revisiting the genesis of the adakite-like granitoids in collisional zones: Water-fluxed melting of intermediate to felsic rocks with dilution by low Sr/Y phases
- Pressure-induced phase transitions in Ni-bearing ferrosilite (Ni-En31Fs65)
- Thermoelastic properties of non-metamict zircon
- Scheelite composition fingerprints pulsed flow of magmatic fluid in the Fujiashan W skarn deposit, eastern China
- Mineralogy of the 1.45 Ga Wafangzi manganese deposit in North China: Implications for pulsed Mesoproterozoic oxygenation events
- Tourmaline growth in the border and wall zones of the Emmons pegmatite (Maine, U.S.A.): Evidence for disequilibrium crystallization and boundary layer formation
- New Mineral Names
Articles in the same Issue
- Interfacial interactions controlling adsorption of metal cations on montmorillonite
- Microstructural and compositional evolutions during transformation from biotite to berthierine: Implications for phyllosilicate alteration processes
- Vapor-phases as Cu transport agents for the shear-zone-hosted mineralization system: A perspective from H-O-S-Cu isotopes
- Don Juan Basin, Antarctica: A chemically altering environment with martian analog potential
- High-pressure polymorphs of ferroan dolomite: Possible host structures for carbon in the lower mantle
- Revisiting the genesis of the adakite-like granitoids in collisional zones: Water-fluxed melting of intermediate to felsic rocks with dilution by low Sr/Y phases
- Pressure-induced phase transitions in Ni-bearing ferrosilite (Ni-En31Fs65)
- Thermoelastic properties of non-metamict zircon
- Scheelite composition fingerprints pulsed flow of magmatic fluid in the Fujiashan W skarn deposit, eastern China
- Mineralogy of the 1.45 Ga Wafangzi manganese deposit in North China: Implications for pulsed Mesoproterozoic oxygenation events
- Tourmaline growth in the border and wall zones of the Emmons pegmatite (Maine, U.S.A.): Evidence for disequilibrium crystallization and boundary layer formation
- New Mineral Names