Olivine from planetary basalts: Chemical signatures that indicate planetary parentage and those that record igneous setting and process
-
Jim Karner
,
Jj. Papike
Abstract
The systematics of Mn-Fe, Ni-Co, Ti, Cr, and V in olivine from 13 basalt suites from the Earth, Moon, and Mars were studied by electron and ion microprobe techniques. The results demonstrate that chemical signatures in olivine can be related to: (1) planetary parentage, where differences are the result of initial accretional ratios, source compositions, and oxygen fugacity; and also (2) igneous setting and process, where differences among basalt suites within a planet are a consequence of specific redox conditions in tectonic settings, differing melt compositions, and changes in element partitioning resulting from crystallization sequences and mineral modes. Manganese-Fe systematics indicate planetary parentage where the Mn/Fe ratio in olivine increases with increasing distance from the Sun (with the exception of the Moon, which can be explained). This sequence could be the result of initial Mn/Fe accretional ratios from the start of the solar system. Igneous processes such as differing melt compositions and crystallization sequences cause differences in the Mn/Fe ratios of olivine in basalt suites from the same planet. Nickel-Co and Ti systematics show that planetary signatures result from source-region differences among the three planets. For example, the lunar source regions are depleted in Ni and enriched in Ti, as compared with the Earth and Mars, and these characteristics are reflected in the olivine compositions. The differing partitioning behavior of Ni, Co, and Ti in planetary olivine suites is a result of crystallization sequences and initial melt compositions of the basalts during crystallization. Chromium concentrations in olivine result from differing oxygen fugacities and phase stabilities in the source regions of the three planets, whereas V concentrations in olivine are mostly a consequence of the different overall redox conditions on planetary bodies. Both Cr and V show igneous process signatures owing to different melt compositions, crystallization sequences, and modal mineralogy. Perhaps the most important conclusion from this study is that olivine in planetary basalts records information not only about igneous setting and process but planetary parentage as well, making the study of comparative planetary mineralogy an exciting way to gain new insights into basalt petrogenesis.
© 2015 by Walter de Gruyter Berlin/Boston
Articles in the same Issue
- TEM study of mullite growth after muscovite breakdown
- The reduction of aqueous Au3+ by sulfide minerals and green rust phases
- Manganoan kinoshitalite in Mn-rich marble and skarn from Virginia
- Expandability of anchizonal illite and chlorite: Significance for crystallinity development in the transition from diagenesis to metamorphism
- X-ray absorption spectroscopy of silicates for in situ, sub-micrometer mineral identification
- Radiation damage in zircon
- Neutron and temperature-resolved synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction study of akaganéite
- Li-rich zincostaurolite and its decompression-related breakdown products in a diaspore-bearing metabauxite from East Samos (Greece): An EMP and SIMS study
- Olivine from planetary basalts: Chemical signatures that indicate planetary parentage and those that record igneous setting and process
- Observations on the relationship between crystallographic orientation and biasing in apatite fission-track measurements
- Borocookeite, a new member of the chlorite group from the Malkhan gem tourmaline deposit, Central Transbaikalia, Russia
- New thermochemical evidence on the stability of dickite vs. kaolinite
- Thermodynamics of Fe oxides: Part I. Entropy at standard temperature and pressure and heat capacity of goethite (α-FeOOH), lepidocrocite (γ-FeOOH), and maghemite (γ-Fe2O3)
- Thermodynamics of Fe oxides: Part II. Enthalpies of formation and relative stability of goethite (α-FeOOH), lepidocrocite (γ-FeOOH), and maghemite (γ-Fe2O3)
- An in situ neutron diffraction study of cation disordering in synthetic qandilite Mg2TiO4 at high temperatures
- Peristeritic plagioclase in North Sea hydrocarbon reservoir rocks: Implications for diagenesis, provenance and stratigraphic correlation
- Incorporation of Ni into natural goethite: An investigation by X-ray absorption spectroscopy
- Characterization of an early metamorphic stage through inclusions in zircon of a diamondiferous quartzofeldspathic rock from the Erzgebirge, Germany
- Gersdorffite (NiAsS) chemical state properties and reactivity toward air and aerated, distilled water
- The concentration and speciation of hydrogen in feldspars using FTIR and 1H MAS NMR spectroscopy
- The significance of mineral inclusions in large diamonds from Yakutia, Russia
- Letters. Evidence from surface phonons for the (2 × 1) reconstruction of the (101̄4) surface of calcite from computer simulation
- Transformation of SiO2 to the amorphous state by shearing at high pressure
Articles in the same Issue
- TEM study of mullite growth after muscovite breakdown
- The reduction of aqueous Au3+ by sulfide minerals and green rust phases
- Manganoan kinoshitalite in Mn-rich marble and skarn from Virginia
- Expandability of anchizonal illite and chlorite: Significance for crystallinity development in the transition from diagenesis to metamorphism
- X-ray absorption spectroscopy of silicates for in situ, sub-micrometer mineral identification
- Radiation damage in zircon
- Neutron and temperature-resolved synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction study of akaganéite
- Li-rich zincostaurolite and its decompression-related breakdown products in a diaspore-bearing metabauxite from East Samos (Greece): An EMP and SIMS study
- Olivine from planetary basalts: Chemical signatures that indicate planetary parentage and those that record igneous setting and process
- Observations on the relationship between crystallographic orientation and biasing in apatite fission-track measurements
- Borocookeite, a new member of the chlorite group from the Malkhan gem tourmaline deposit, Central Transbaikalia, Russia
- New thermochemical evidence on the stability of dickite vs. kaolinite
- Thermodynamics of Fe oxides: Part I. Entropy at standard temperature and pressure and heat capacity of goethite (α-FeOOH), lepidocrocite (γ-FeOOH), and maghemite (γ-Fe2O3)
- Thermodynamics of Fe oxides: Part II. Enthalpies of formation and relative stability of goethite (α-FeOOH), lepidocrocite (γ-FeOOH), and maghemite (γ-Fe2O3)
- An in situ neutron diffraction study of cation disordering in synthetic qandilite Mg2TiO4 at high temperatures
- Peristeritic plagioclase in North Sea hydrocarbon reservoir rocks: Implications for diagenesis, provenance and stratigraphic correlation
- Incorporation of Ni into natural goethite: An investigation by X-ray absorption spectroscopy
- Characterization of an early metamorphic stage through inclusions in zircon of a diamondiferous quartzofeldspathic rock from the Erzgebirge, Germany
- Gersdorffite (NiAsS) chemical state properties and reactivity toward air and aerated, distilled water
- The concentration and speciation of hydrogen in feldspars using FTIR and 1H MAS NMR spectroscopy
- The significance of mineral inclusions in large diamonds from Yakutia, Russia
- Letters. Evidence from surface phonons for the (2 × 1) reconstruction of the (101̄4) surface of calcite from computer simulation
- Transformation of SiO2 to the amorphous state by shearing at high pressure
