Thermal conductivity of spinels and olivines from vibrational spectroscopy: Ambient conditions
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A. M. Hofmeister
Abstract
The damped harmonic oscillator model for thermal conductivity of insulators is improved, leading to a formula that predicts thermal conductivity at ambient conditions (k0) from various physical properties, most of which are commonly measured. Specifically, k0 = [ρ/(3ZM)] Cv [(uP + us)/2]2/ <Γ>, where ρ is density, Z is the number of formula units in the primitive unit cell, M is the molar weight, Cv is heat capacity, u is the sound speed (P denotes compression; S denotes shear), and <Γ> is the average of the damping coefficients determined from peak widths in infrared reflectivity spectra, or from suitable Raman and Brillouin spectra. The classical physics and quantum-mechanical basis for this model is discussed, with emphasis on the effect of phonon-phonon interactions on mode properties. The calculated values of k0 all lie within the experimental uncertainty of the measurements for all samples with the spinel or olivine structure examined by Horai (1971) with known or approximately correct chemical compositions. Other divergent measurements of k for MgAl2O4 are discounted for various reasons. Early studies of Fe-bearing spinels are not generally reliable, but rough estimates from the above equation are consistent with all data, and good agreement is obtained for samples such as Mg0.5Fe0.5Al2O4 and γ-Fe2SiO4 for which the previous authors obtained chemical data, and for which IR reflectivity data exist. The theory reproduces the measured dependence of k0 on composition and structure. Anisotropy in k0 results mainly from differences in lattice constants (j): the equation for olivine is kj/k0 =(V⅓/j)0.73 which predicts the ratios within 3%. For solid solutions between Fe and Mg, the model provides a non-linear dependence of k0 on mol% Fe, with the damping coefficient being the key factor producing non-linearity. Predicted ambient values are 11.3 ± 0.4 W/m-K for γ-Mg2SiO4, 6.5 ± 0.7 W/m-K for γ-Mg12Fe0.8SiO4, and 6.9 ± 0.3 W/m-K for β-Mg2SiO4. The high k0 for ringwoodite suggests that heat in Earth’s transition zone should be conducted twice as efficiently as in the adjacent upper and lower mantles: this discontinuous depth dependence of k could impact thermal models of conduction in subducting slabs and of mantle convection
© 2015 by Walter de Gruyter Berlin/Boston
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Articles in the same Issue
- Recalibration of the GASP geobarometer in light of recent garnet and plagioclase activity models and versions of the garnet-biotite geothermometer
- Compositional zoning and element partitioning in nickeloan tourmaline from a metamorphosed karstbauxite from Samos, Greece
- Occurrence of apatite associated with magnetite in an ophiolite complex (Othrys), Greece
- Overpressures induced by coesite-quartz transition in zircon
- Geochemical modeling of bacterially induced mineralization of schwertmannite and jarosite in sulfuric acid spring water
- H2O-D2O exchange in lawsonite
- Composition and temperature dependence of cation ordering in Ni-Mg olivine solid solutions: a time-of-flight neutron powder diffraction and EXAFS study
- Thermal conductivity of spinels and olivines from vibrational spectroscopy: Ambient conditions
- Elasticity of six polycrystalline silicate garnets at pressure up to 3.0 GPa
- The crystal chemistry of birefringent natural uvarovites: Part I. Optical investigations and UV-VIS-IR absorption spectroscopy
- The crystal chemistry of birefringent natural uvarovites: Part II. Single-crystal X-ray structures
- Ferroanthophyllite in Rockport grunerite: A transmission electron microscopy study
- Crystal structure of a new (21)-clinopyribole synthesized at high temperature and pressure
- The Mg(Fe)SiO3 orthoenstatite-clinoenstatite transitions at high pressures and temperatures determined by Raman-spectroscopy on quenched samples
- Raman spectroscopic studies of phase E to 19 GPa
- The crystal structures of the low-temperature phases of leonite-type compounds, K2Me(SO4)2·4H2O (Me2+ = Mg, Mn, Fe)
- Carraraite and zaccagnaite, two new minerals from the Carrara marble quarries: their chemical compositions, physical properties, and structural features
- Pristine surface growth features on 100 Ma garnet phenocrysts: Interference imaging results
- Oxygen triclusters in crystalline CaAl4O7 (grossite) and in calcium aluminosilicate glasses: 17O NMR
- Low-temperature heat capacity of pentlandite
- Calcium segregation at antiphase boundaries in pigeonite
