The Quiet Revolution

Chapters in this book

1. Frontmatter I
2. Contents VII
3. Tables and Maps XI
4. Foreword XIII
5. Acknowledgments XXXVII
6. Abbreviations XXXIX
7. 1. Introduction: The Environment for Metropolitan Reform 1
8. Alliances of Convenience 3
9. Comparisons with the United States 4
10. Political Will 5
11. Political Will 8
12. I. French and English in Montreal prior to 1960
13. 2. The Emergence of the "Two Solitudes" 13
14. Montreal's Ethnic Balance 14
15. Ethnic Diversity Without Conflict 16
16. Evidence of English Dominance 18
17. Mutual Isolation 20
18. 3. Municipal Government in Montreal 23
19. The English Retreat to the Suburbs 25
20. Annexations 26
21. The Montreal Metropolitan Commission 28
22. Twentieth-Century Populist Mayors 30
23. Camiliien Houde 31
24. Proposals for Metropolitan Reform 33
25. The Municipal Service Bureau and the Borough System 34
26. The Paquette Report 35
27. The Suburbs Begin to Organize 37
28. The Montreal Metropolitan Corporation 38
29. The Politics of Caution 39
30. 4 Schools and Social Services 42
31. School Boards 43
32. School Boards and the Constitution 44
33. Jews: Catholic or Protestant? 45
34. English-Speaking Catholics 47
35. Growing Demand for Educational Reform, 1925-1960 48
36. Social Services: The Public Charities Act 50
37. The Welfare State Comes to Quebec 52
38. The Welfare State Comes to Quebec 54
39. II. The Quiet Revolution
40. 5. Quebec Politics and the Politicization of Language, 1960-1981 59
41. The Quiet Revolution 60
42. English Canada Responds 62
43. English Canada Responds 63
44. Provincial Politics in Turmoil, 1966-1970 64
45. Montreal's Language Groups 65
46. Francophones: A Homogeneous Ethnic Group 66
47. Anglophones: Only a Language Group 68
48. "Others": French or English? 69
49. Montreal: Bilingual City? 71
50. Language: The Territorial Dimension 73
51. Bills 63 and 22: Language in the Political Arena 76
52. Robert Bourassa and Bill 22 78
53. The Impact of the Parti Québécois 81
54. René Lévesque and Bill 101 82
55. French: The New Language of Work 86
56. The 1980 Referendum and the 1981 Provincial Election 88
57. Anglophones and Language Legislation 89
58. III. Reorganizing Montreal's Local Government
59. 6. Creating the Montreal Urban Community 93
60. Drapeau's Metropolitan Strategies 95
61. Establishing the Blier Commission 97
62. Annexation Battles 98
63. Searching for a Solution 101
64. Blier's Final Compromise 102
65. The Lack of Provincial Action 104
66. The Montreal Urban Community: First Version 105
67. Another Retreat 107
68. The Police Strike of October 1969 108
69. Saulnier's Solution 109
70. Weakness on All Fronts 110
71. The Creation of the MUC 112
72. Bill 75 and the Legislative Process 113
73. Functions of the MUC 116
74. The Montreal Urban Community Transit Commission 117
75. A Noncontroversial Reform 118
76. 7. The Montreal Urban Community in Operation 120
77. Saulnier as MUC Chair 121
78. Hanigan and DesMarais 123
79. The MUC: Accomplishments and Failures 125
80. The Quality of Air and Water 126
81. Public Transit 128
82. Regional Planning 129
83. The Montreal Urban Community Police Department 132
84. Problems with Police-Cost Sharing 133
85. Police Force Unification 134
86. Quebec Municipal Commission: 1972 MUC Budget 135
87. Language and Policing 136
88. Attempts at Municipal Consolidation 137
89. The Westmount "Bourg" Plan 139
90. Lochine's Seven Cities Plan 141
91. Hanigan's Suggested Mergers 142
92. Tinkering with MUC Structures 143
93. Pointe-aux-Trembles Annexation 146
94. The Suburban Alliance 147
95. 8. The Reorganization of Montreal's School Boards 149
96. Seculcurization of School Boards 151
97. The Page Report 152
98. Bill 62: Eleven Unified School Boards 155
99. Opposition Grows 156
100. The Liberal Proposal: Bill 28 158
101. Bill 28 in Committee 159
102. Bill 71: The School Council of the Island of Montreal 163
103. Bill 71: Passage and Implementation 167
104. School Board Reorganization: An Unresolved Problem 168
105. 9. Social Services 172
106. The First Version of Bill 65 174
107. Castonguay Makes Concessions 176
108. The Council of Health and Social Services of Metropolitan Montreal 177
109. Language Issues 178
110. Social Service Centers for Montreal 180
111. Three Centers: French, English, and Jewish 182
112. Sectorization 184
113. Drawing Linguistic Boundaries 185
114. The Private Politics of Public Social Services 189
115. 10 Conclusion: Language Differences and Metropolitan Reform in Montreal 191
116. The Policing Controversy 193
117. Uniqueness of Social Services 194
118. School Boards: Pressure from Quebec Nationalists 196
119. Appendix: Political Parties in Canada, Quebec, and Montreal 201