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Coping with non-take-up of means-tested benefits: a qualitative longitudinal study on single parents’ life courses in French-speaking Switzerland

  • Ornella Larenza ORCID logo EMAIL logo
Published/Copyright: March 15, 2024

Abstract

Many single parents (SPs) receive means-tested benefits (MTBs) in Switzerland. As a risk-management policy, MTBs can alleviate phases of financial hardship in SPs’ life courses. Conversely, when SPs experience non-take-up (NTU), MTBs may turn into a stressor and impinge on their lives. This paper investigates how NTU can shape SPs’ life courses. Thirteen SPs with full custody of their children who experienced NTU while facing economic hardship were interviewed in a qualitative panel in French-speaking Switzerland. A three-step analytical strategy involving thematic, categorical and chronological analysis of the qualitative data was conducted. The results show that SPs can compensate for the lack of MTBs by looking for alternative support from their families, friends and acquaintances or the labour market; by trying to bypass the MTB regulations so as to access them; by making changes to their lives to comply with MTB eligibility criteria or by giving up on the MTBs. NTU not only affects SPs financially but can also delay their professional careers, jeopardise their relationships with the children; delay new couple relationships and force them to live in an unpleasant environment. Intergroup inequalities affect SPs’ paths as MTB clients. By overlooking the implications of SPs’ childcare obligations and the hidden costs linked to separation, targeting practices may lead to tertiary NTU.

Zusammenfassung

Viele Alleinerziehende in der Schweiz erhalten bedarfsgeprüfte Leistungen. Diese können, im Sinne des Risikomanagements, finanzielle Notlagen im Lebenslauf ausgleichen. Umgekehrt kann auch die Nichtinanspruchnahme bedarfsgeprüfter Leistungen einen Stressfaktor darstellen und sich negativ auf den Lebenslauf auswirken. Dieser Beitrag untersucht, wie die Nichtinanspruchnahme solcher Leistungen den Lebenslauf von Alleinerziehenden prägen kann. Dafür wurden in einem qualitativen Panel in der französischsprachigen Schweiz dreizehn Alleinerziehende mit alleinigem Sorgerecht interviewt, die bedarfsgeprüfte Leistungen trotz finanzieller Not nicht in Anspruch nehmen konnten. Die qualitativen Daten wurden mit einer dreistufigen Auswertungsstrategie mittels thematischer, kategorialer und chronologischer Analyse untersucht. Die Studie zeigt, wie Alleinerziehende die aufgrund der Nichtinanspruchnahme fehlenden Mittel durch alternative Ressourcen über Familien, Freunde und Bekannte oder einer Arbeitsmarktbeteiligung ausgleichen. Einige versuchen auch, die Anspruchsvoraussetzungen zu umgehen oder ihre Lebensführung zu verändern, um Zugang zu den Leistungen zu erhalten. Andere geben das Ziel der Inanspruchnahme ganz auf. Die Nichtinanspruchnahme bedarfsgeprüfter Leistungen führt nicht nur zu finanziellen Nachteilen für die Alleinerziehenden, sie kann auch berufliche Karrieren verzögern, Beziehungen zu den Kindern beeinträchtigen, neue Paarbeziehungen erschweren und sich negativ auf die Wohnumgebung auswirken. Die (Nicht-)Inanspruchnahme von bedarfsgeprüften Leistungen wird außerdem von Ungleichheiten zwischen Gruppen beeinflusst. Selektive Zugangsvoraussetzungen berücksichtigen die Folgen fehlender Kinderbetreuungsmöglichkeiten und versteckte Kosten der Trennung oft nicht, was zu tertiärer Nichtinanspruchnahme bedarfsgeprüfter Leistungen führen kann.

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Published Online: 2024-03-15
Published in Print: 2024-03-06

© 2024 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston

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