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Konzentrations- und Ungleichheitsindizes: ein methodischer Überblick sowie ein empirischer Vergleich anhand der Textilindustrie

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Veröffentlicht/Copyright: 22. September 2017
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Abstract

In empirischen Untersuchungen werden Konzentrations- und Ungleichheitsindizes oftmals verwendet, um Informationen über die räumliche Verteilung von Industrien zu komprimieren. Das sich aus einer Maßzahl ergebende Bild über das Ausmaß an Konzentration (Ungleichheit) sowie die Veränderungen über die Zeit hinweg können jedoch in Abhängigkeit des gewählten Index divergieren. Grundsätzlich kann zwischen absoluten und relativen Indizes einerseits sowie zwischen Konzentrations- und Ungleichheitsindizes andererseits unterschieden werden. Das Papier geht auf die unterschiedlichen Charakteristika der einzelnen Indizes ein und zeigt auf, was bei der Wahl des Index für empirische Studien zu beachten ist. Die Analyse zeigt zudem, dass es keinen Index gibt, der anderen Indizes überlegen ist. Je nach Fragestellung sollte daher entschieden werden, welcher Index der geeignetste ist.

Abstract

In empirical studies, concentration and inequality measures are used to acquire information on the spatial distribution of industries with the help of a single index. This paper shows that both the degree of concentration (and inequality, respectively) as well as the development over time depend on the index chosen. In general, we can distinguish between absolute and relative measures on the one hand and between concentration and inequality measures on the other hand. This paper analyzes the different characteristics of individual indices and shows that empirical studies should pay more attention towards the choice of index. The examples moreover show that the suitability of an index depends on the research question and the focus taken in empirical studies.

Award Identifier / Grant number: Jubiläumsfonds Nr. 15482

Funding statement: Österreichische Nationalbank (Grant/Award Number: ‚Jubiläumsfonds Nr. 15482‘).

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Erhalten: 2015-12-3
Angenommen: 2017-7-24
Online erschienen: 2017-9-22
Erschienen im Druck: 2017-11-27

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