Home Deriving clitic cluster formation through movement: A dialectal case study from Spanish
Article
Licensed
Unlicensed Requires Authentication

Deriving clitic cluster formation through movement: A dialectal case study from Spanish

  • Ian James Romain EMAIL logo
Published/Copyright: August 10, 2020
Become an author with De Gruyter Brill

Abstract

In light of recent work on syntactic head movement and clitic movement in Phase Theory, this paper argues for a feature-based, head-movement account of argumental object clitics in Spanish. The novelty of the proposal outlined in this paper is the extension of a movement approach to indirect object (IO) clitics, which are commonly regarded in the literature as base-generated verb-agreement morphemes. It is shown that IO clitics, like their DO counterparts, engage in probe/goal relations to value and delete uninterpretable Case features, and, upon Agree, cliticize via head movement. Chomsky’s operation of inheritance (2008) figures in this account, as it helps explain the derived order of clitics in IO-DO clusters in Spanish. This study is the first of its kind in offering a unified movement proposal for both types of argumental object clitics, while at the same time maintaining the simplest ‘Minimalist’ assumption that both are pronouns of the category DP. Finally, the syntactic analysis proposed for the derivation of argumental clusters is applied to derive dialectally-attested strings composed of three members in which the foremost form is a non-argumental SE clitic.


Corresponding author: Ian James Romain, California State University, Fullerton, CA, USA, E-mail:

References

Bello, Andrés. 1847. Gramática de la lengua castellana, destinada al uso de los americanos. Rpt.:1981. Instituto Universitario de Lingüística Andrés Bello: Cabildo Insular de Tenerife.Search in Google Scholar

Bleam, Tonia M. 2000. Leísta Spanish and the syntax of clitic doubling. Ph.D. dissertation, University of Delaware.Search in Google Scholar

Boeckx, Cedric & Ángel J. Gallego. 2008. Clitic climbing by (long distance) agree. Linguistic Institute in the Old World. Workshop on explanatory proposals of clitics. Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, 18–29 August 2008.Search in Google Scholar

Borer, Hagit. 1984. Parametric syntax: Case studies in semitic and romance languages. Dordrecht: Foris.10.1515/9783110808506Search in Google Scholar

Cardinaletti, Anna & Michael Starke. 1999. The typology of structural deficiency: On the three grammatical classes. In Henk van Reimsdijk (ed.), Clitics in the languages of Europe, 145–233. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.10.1515/9783110804010.145Search in Google Scholar

Cinque, Guglielmo. 2006. Restructuring and functional heads. The cartography of syntactic structures, vol. 4. Oxford: Oxford University Press.10.1093/oso/9780195179545.001.0001Search in Google Scholar

Chomsky, Noam. 2000. Minimalist inquiries: The framework. In Roger Martin, David Michaels, & Juan Uriagereka (eds.), Step by step: essays on minimalism in Honor of Howard Lasnik, 89–155. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.Search in Google Scholar

Chomsky, Noam. 2001. Derivation by phase. In Michael Kenstowicz (ed.), Ken Hale: A life in language, 1–52. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.10.7551/mitpress/4056.003.0004Search in Google Scholar

Chomsky, Noam. 2004. Beyond Explanatory Adequacy. In Adriana Belletti (ed.), Structures and beyond: The cartography of syntactic structures, vol. 3. Oxford University Press: 104-131.Search in Google Scholar

Chomsky, Noam. 2008. On phases. In Robert Freidin, Carlos Peregrín Otero & Maria Luisa Zubizarreta (eds.), Foundational issues in linguistic theory. Essays in honor of Jean- Roger Vergnaud, pp. 133–166. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.10.7551/mitpress/9780262062787.003.0007Search in Google Scholar

Chomsky, Noam. 2013. Problems of projection. Lingua 130. 33–49. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lingua.2012.12.003.Search in Google Scholar

Cuervo, María Cristina. 2003. Datives at large. Ph.D. dissertation, MIT.Search in Google Scholar

Cuervo, María Cristina. 2013. Spanish clitic clusters: Three of a perfect pair. Borealis. An International Journal of Hispanic Linguistics 2/2. 191–220. https://doi.org/10.7557/1.2.2.2692.Search in Google Scholar

Cuervo, Rufino José. 1895. Los casos enclíticos y proclíticos del pronombre de tercera persona en castellano. In Obras: Segunda edición, Tomo III, 167–239. Rpt.: 1987. Bogotá: Instituto Caro y Cuervo-Biblioteca Colombiana.10.3406/roma.1895.5863Search in Google Scholar

Demonte, Violeta. 1995. Dative alternation in Spanish. Probus 7. 5–30. https://doi.org/10.1515/prbs.1995.7.1.5.Search in Google Scholar

Emonds, Joseph E. 1999. How clitics license null phrases: A theory of the lexical interface. In Henk van Riemsdijk (ed.), Clitics in the languages of Europe, 291–367. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.10.1515/9783110804010.291Search in Google Scholar

Fabb, Nigel. 1984. Syntactic affixation. Ph.D. dissertation, MIT.Search in Google Scholar

Gallego, Ángel. 2014. Deriving feature inheritance from the copy theory of movement. The Linguistic Review 31(1). 41–71. https://doi.org/10.1515/tlr-2013-0021.Search in Google Scholar

Gallego, Ángel J. 2016. A phase-theoretic approach to cliticization in Romance. Studies in Hispanic and Lusophone Linguistics 9(1). 67–94. https://doi.org/10.1515/shll-2016-0003.Search in Google Scholar

Haegeman, Liliane. 1992. Theory and description in generative syntax: A case study of West Flemish. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.Search in Google Scholar

Hornstein, Norbert., Ana M. Martins, & Jairo Nunes. 2006. Infinitival complements of perception and causative verbs: A case study on agreement and intervention effects in English and European Portuguese. University of Maryland Working Papers in Linguistics 14. 81–110. (http://ling.umd.edu/publications/volume14/).Search in Google Scholar

Kayne, Richard. 1975. French syntax: The transformational cycle. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.Search in Google Scholar

Laka, Itziar. 1990. Negation in syntax: on the nature of functional categories and projections. MIT, PhD dissertation.Search in Google Scholar

Larson, Richard K. 1988. On the double object construction. Linguistic Inquiry 19. 335–391.10.4324/9780203429204-7Search in Google Scholar

Lasnik, Howard & Mamoru Saito. 1992. Move α: Conditions on its application and output. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.Search in Google Scholar

Luján, Marta & Claudia Parodi. 2001. Clitic-doubling and the acquisition of agreement in Spanish. In Javier Gutiérrez-Rexach & Luis Silva-Villar (eds.), Current issues in Spanish syntax and semantics, 193–217. New York: Mouton de Gruyter.10.1515/9783110850536.193Search in Google Scholar

Masullo, Pascual J. 1992. Incorporation and case theory in Spanish: A cross linguistic perspective. PhD Thesis, University of Washington.Search in Google Scholar

Matushansky, Ora. 2011. Review of Agreement and head movement: Clitics, incorporation, and defective goals (Linguistic Inquiry Monographs 59) by Ian Roberts. Journal of Linguistics 47(2). 538–545. Retrieved from http://www.jstor.org/stable/41261767. https://doi.org/10.2307/41261767.Search in Google Scholar

Mendikoetxea, Amaya. 2012. Clitics in Spanish. In José Ignacio Hualde, Antxon Olarrea & Erin O’Rourke (eds.), The handbook of Hispanic linguistics, 477–502. Blackwell Publishing Ltd.10.1002/9781118228098.ch23Search in Google Scholar

Narita, Hiroki. 2011. Phasing in full interpretation. Harvard University, PhD Dissertation.Search in Google Scholar

Perlmutter, David. 1971. Deep and surface structure constraints in syntax. New York: Holt, Rinehart & Winston.Search in Google Scholar

Pescarini, Diego. 2018. Stressed enclitics are not weak pronouns: A plea for allomorphy. Romance Languages and Linguistic Theory 14: Selected papers from the 46th Linguistic Symposium on Romance Languages (LSRL), Stony Brook, 2018, <10.1075/rllt.14.13pes>.<hal-01763923>.10.1075/rllt.14.13pesSearch in Google Scholar

Postal, Paul M. 1977. On raising: One rule of English grammar and its theoretical implications. Language 53(3). 621–654.10.2307/413179Search in Google Scholar

Ordóñez, Francisco. 2002. Some clitic combinations in the syntax of romance. Catalan Journal of Linguistics 1. 201–224. https://doi.org/10.5565/rev/catjl.59.Search in Google Scholar

Ordóñez, Francisco & Liori Repetti. 2006. Stressed enclitics? In Jean-Pierre Montreuil & Chiyo Nishida (eds.), New analyses in romance linguistics, 167–181. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.10.1075/cilt.276.13ordSearch in Google Scholar

Ordóñenz, Francisco & Liori Repetti. 2014. On the morphological restrictions of hosting clitics in Italian and Sardinian dialects. L’italia dialettale: rivista di dialettologia italiana 75. 173–200.Search in Google Scholar

Ormazabal, Javier & Juan Romero. 2013. Object clitics, agreement and dialectal variation. Probus 25. 301–344. https://doi.org/10.1515/probus-2013-0012.Search in Google Scholar

Quicoli, Carlos. 1976. Conditions on clitic movement. Linguistic Analysis 2. 199–224.Search in Google Scholar

Richards, Marc D. 2007. On feature inheritance: An argument from the phase impenetrability condition. Linguistic Inquiry 38(3). 563–572. https://doi.org/10.1162/ling.2007.38.3.563.Search in Google Scholar

Rivas, Alberto Mario. 1977. A theory of clitics. PhD Dissertation, MIT.Search in Google Scholar

Rizzi, Luigi. 1982. Issues in Italian syntax. Dordrecht: Foris.10.1515/9783110883718Search in Google Scholar

Rizzi, Luigi. 1986. Null objects in Italian and the Theory of pro. Linguistic Inquiry 17(3). 501–557.10.4324/9780203461785-6Search in Google Scholar

Rizzi, Luigi. 2013. Locality. Lingua 130. 169–186.10.1016/j.lingua.2012.12.002Search in Google Scholar

Roberts, Ian G. 2010. Agreement and head movement. Clitics, incorporation, and defective goals. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.10.7551/mitpress/9780262014304.001.0001Search in Google Scholar

Roberts, Ian G. 2012. Phases, head movement and second-position effects. In Ángel Gallego (ed.), Phases: Developing the framework, 385–440. Berlin: De Gruyter Mouton.10.1515/9783110264104.385Search in Google Scholar

Roca, Francesc. 1996. Morfemas objetivos y determinantes: los clíticos del español. Verba 23: 83-119. http://hdl.handle.net/10347/3267.Search in Google Scholar

Romain, Ian J. 2018. Cliticization and abstract case assignment in Spanish. Studia Linguistica 72(3). 769–790. https://doi.org/10.1111/stul.12088.Search in Google Scholar

Solà, Jaume. 2002. Clitic climbing and null subject languages. Catalan Journal of Linguistics 1. 225–255. https://doi.org/10.5565/rev/catjl.60.Search in Google Scholar

Sportiche, Dominique. 1996. Clitic constructions. In Johan Rooryck & Laurie Zaring (eds.), Phrase structure and the lexicon, 213–276. Netherlands: Springer.10.1007/978-94-015-8617-7_9Search in Google Scholar

Strozer, Judith R. 1976. Clitics in Spanish. Ph.D. dissertation, University of California, Los Angeles.Search in Google Scholar

Suñer, Margarita. 1988. The role of agreement in clitic-doubled constructions. Natural Language and Linguistic Theory 6. 391–434. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00133904.Search in Google Scholar

Uriagereka, Juan. 1995. Aspects of the syntax of clitic placement in Western Romance. Linguistic Inquiry 26. 79–124.Search in Google Scholar

Vicente, Luis. 2006. Towards a unified theory of movement: An argument from Spanish clefts. In Martin Salzmann & Luis Vicente (eds.), Leiden papers in linguistics, 46–67, 2(3).Search in Google Scholar

Vicente, Luis. 2007. The syntax of heads and phrases: A study of verb (phrase) fronting. PhD Dissertation: Leiden.Search in Google Scholar

Published Online: 2020-08-10
Published in Print: 2020-10-25

© 2020 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston

Downloaded on 18.9.2025 from https://www.degruyterbrill.com/document/doi/10.1515/tlr-2020-2048/html?lang=en
Scroll to top button