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A critical review on global CO2 emission: where do industries stand?

  • Nahed Bahman , Dalal Alalaiwat , Zainab Abdulmohsen , Mohamed Al Khalifa , Safeya Al Baharna , Mariam Ahmed Al-Mannai and Adnan Younis EMAIL logo
Published/Copyright: August 29, 2022
Reviews on Environmental Health
From the journal Reviews on Environmental Health Volume 38 Issue 4

Abstract

Global CO2 emissions from different industries have been increasing at an alarming rate. This growth is outpacing the efforts, nations are putting in place to reduce their carbon footprints. In this topical review, we critically analyze the level of CO2 emissions on a global scale and across various industries and activities within them and the dominant anthropogenic forcing instability. The global CO2 emission from various economic sectors such as industries, transportation and variety of waste sources were traced globally and regionally. To contextualize our review, the sector wise CO2 emission trends data for a period more than a decade is reviewed which highlighted the main sources of emissions. The data shows the overall reduction of carbon footprints and its progress across various sectors is very limited. The governing factors for this continued global pattern can be ascribed to two main factors: high consumer demands, and poor efforts towards shifting low and zero carbon services across all sectors. Some efforts have been witnessed to shift towards clean fuels and renewables, particularly in Europe and North America. However, rapid growth in industrialization limits the shifting of fossil-based energy systems towards less harmful systems. In Asia, particularly in eastern, southern, and south-eastern regions, the carbon footprints were found to increased owing to a huge demand for materials production, travelling and energy services. Therefore, it is of utmost importance to identify, understand and tackle the most persistent and climate-harmful factors across all industries and drive such policies to substitute the fossil fuels with renewables.

Keywords: convergence; global CO2 emissions; industrial emissions; per capita emissions; transportation emissions; waste
Corresponding author: Adnan Younis, Environment and Sustainable Development Program, College of Science, University of Bahrain, P.O. Box 32038, Sakhir, Kingdom of Bahrain; and Department of Physics, College of Science, University of Bahrain, P.O. Box 32038, Sakhir, Kingdom of Bahrain, E-mail:

  1. Research funding: Authors state no funding involved.

  2. Author contributions: All authors have accepted responsibility for the entire content of this manuscript and approved its submission.

  3. Competing interests: Authors state no conflict of interest.

  4. Informed consent: Informed consent is not applicable.

  5. Ethical approval: Not applicable.

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Received: 2022-07-06
Accepted: 2022-08-07
Published Online: 2022-08-29
Published in Print: 2023-12-15

© 2022 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston

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https://doi.org/10.1515/reveh-2022-0105
Keywords for this article
convergence; global CO2 emissions; industrial emissions; per capita emissions; transportation emissions; waste

Articles in the same Issue

  1. Frontmatter
  2. Reviews
  3. A meta-analysis of the risk of salivary gland tumors associated with mobile phone use: the importance of correct exposure assessment
  4. An investigation into the present levels of contamination in children’s toys and jewelry in different countries: a systematic review
  5. Analysis of physiological markers and risk factors for the development of rhabdomyolysis in military personnel: a systematic review
  6. Cell proliferation assay for determination of estrogenic components in food: a systematic review
  7. Investigation ways of causes needle sticks injuries, risk factors affecting on health and ways to preventive
  8. The impact of nature-led recovery initiatives for individual and community health post disaster: a systematic literature review
  9. Acrylamide; a neurotoxin in popcorns: a systematic review and meta-analysis
  10. Havana syndrome: a scoping review of the existing literature
  11. Emerging trends and knowledge domain of research on urban green open spaces and wellbeing: A scientometric review
  12. A critical review on global CO2 emission: where do industries stand?
  13. Global systematic review and meta-analysis on prevalence and concentration of aflatoxins in peanuts oil and probabilistic risk assessment
  14. Noise exposure and the risk of cancer: a comprehensive systematic review
  15. An updated systematic review on the maternal exposure to environmental pesticides and involved mechanisms of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) progression risk in children
  16. Exploring the links between indoor air pollutants and health outcomes in South Asian countries: a systematic review
  17. Letter to the Editor
  18. The influence of Maslow’s hammer. Response to: electromagnetic hypersensitivity close to mobile phone base stations – a case study in Stockholm, Sweden
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