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Membrane-based zero-sludge palm oil mill plant

  • I. Gede Wenten

    I. Gede Wenten received the Bachelor’s degree in chemical engineering from the Institut Teknologi Bandung (ITB), Indonesia, and the MSc and PhD degrees from DTU, Denmark. He is currently a Professor of chemical engineering and a member of the Research Center for Nanosciences and Nanotechnology, ITB. He has long experience in membrane technology both at the industrial and academic levels, with a career spanning over more than 20 years. His research interests include membrane preparation, membrane applications, and membrane fouling and mitigation.

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    , K. Khoiruddin

    K. Khoiruddin received the Bachelor’s degree from Diponegoro University, Indonesia and the Master’s degree from the Institut Teknologi Bandung (ITB), Indonesia, both in chemical engineering. He is currently a PhD student in chemical engineering at ITB, advised by Prof. I. Gede Wenten. His research interests include the preparation, characterization, modification, and application of membranes.

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    , Putu T.P. Aryanti

    Putu T.P. Aryanti received the Bachelor’s degree from the National Institute of Technology, Indonesia, in 1997, the Master’s degree from Sepuluh Nopember Institute of Technology, Surabaya, Indonesia, in 2002, and the PhD degree in chemical engineering from the Institut Teknologi Bandung (ITB), Indonesia, in 2016, focusing on ultrafiltration membrane preparation and application. Her research interests include membrane preparation, membrane applications, and membrane fouling and mitigation.

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    , Agnes V. Victoria

    Agnes V. Victoria is currently completing the Bachelor’s degree in chemical engineering at the Institut Teknologi Bandung, Indonesia. Her research is focused on utilizing superhydrophobic membranes in oil–water separation of palm oil, under the supervision of Prof. I. Gede Wenten.

    and Grace Tanukusuma

    Grace Tanukusuma is currently completing the Bachelor’s degree in chemical engineering at the Institut Teknologi Bandung, Indonesia. Her research work focuses on utilizing superhydrophobic membranes in oil–water separation of palm oil, under the supervision of Prof. I. Gede Wenten.

Published/Copyright: September 5, 2018
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Abstract

The palm oil industry is one of the most important agro-industries for tropical countries because of the unique properties and wide range of uses of palm oil for various end products. In a palm oil extraction process, a large quantity of water is required, of which half the quantity will end up as effluent. This palm oil mill effluent (POME) has an extremely high content of organic matter, which can cause severe pollution of waterways and other environmental problems. Disposal of this highly polluting effluent has become a major problem for the palm oil mills. Therefore, several methods have been proposed either to treat the POME so it could comply with environmental regulation while discharged or to recover water and other valuable components from the effluent. Membrane technology has emerged as a feasible alternative to conventional treatment in vegetable oil processing because of its attractive features such as low energy consumption, reduction in the number of processing steps, high separation efficiency, and improvement of the final product quality. In the case of POME treatment, an integrated membrane-based process promises efficient water recycling and total solid recovery from the effluent, thus eliminating the environmental problem. Recently, a novel concept combining oil–oil extraction and continuous filtration using a superhydrophobic membrane has been proposed to achieve a zero-sludge palm oil mill. In this concept, the huge wastewater effluent generated from the conventional process can be eliminated and the palm oil milling process simplified. Furthermore, the superhydrophobic membrane enables the production of high-purity palm oil. In this paper, we review the prospect of a zero-sludge palm oil mill concept and strategies to achieve the proposed concept. In addition, we also highlight the development of the superhydrophobic membrane and phytonutrient recovery.

About the authors

I. Gede Wenten

I. Gede Wenten received the Bachelor’s degree in chemical engineering from the Institut Teknologi Bandung (ITB), Indonesia, and the MSc and PhD degrees from DTU, Denmark. He is currently a Professor of chemical engineering and a member of the Research Center for Nanosciences and Nanotechnology, ITB. He has long experience in membrane technology both at the industrial and academic levels, with a career spanning over more than 20 years. His research interests include membrane preparation, membrane applications, and membrane fouling and mitigation.

K. Khoiruddin

K. Khoiruddin received the Bachelor’s degree from Diponegoro University, Indonesia and the Master’s degree from the Institut Teknologi Bandung (ITB), Indonesia, both in chemical engineering. He is currently a PhD student in chemical engineering at ITB, advised by Prof. I. Gede Wenten. His research interests include the preparation, characterization, modification, and application of membranes.

Putu T.P. Aryanti

Putu T.P. Aryanti received the Bachelor’s degree from the National Institute of Technology, Indonesia, in 1997, the Master’s degree from Sepuluh Nopember Institute of Technology, Surabaya, Indonesia, in 2002, and the PhD degree in chemical engineering from the Institut Teknologi Bandung (ITB), Indonesia, in 2016, focusing on ultrafiltration membrane preparation and application. Her research interests include membrane preparation, membrane applications, and membrane fouling and mitigation.

Agnes V. Victoria

Agnes V. Victoria is currently completing the Bachelor’s degree in chemical engineering at the Institut Teknologi Bandung, Indonesia. Her research is focused on utilizing superhydrophobic membranes in oil–water separation of palm oil, under the supervision of Prof. I. Gede Wenten.

Grace Tanukusuma

Grace Tanukusuma is currently completing the Bachelor’s degree in chemical engineering at the Institut Teknologi Bandung, Indonesia. Her research work focuses on utilizing superhydrophobic membranes in oil–water separation of palm oil, under the supervision of Prof. I. Gede Wenten.

Acknowledgments

Financial assistance for this work was provided by Program Penelitian, Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat, dan Inovasi (P3MI), Institut Teknologi Bandung.

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Received: 2017-12-14
Accepted: 2018-06-28
Published Online: 2018-09-05
Published in Print: 2020-01-28

©2020 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston

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