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N-succinyl chitosan preparation, characterization, properties and biomedical applications: a state of the art review

  • Shahid Bashir

    Shahid Bashir earned his Master’s degree in Analytical Chemistry from Institute of Chemistry, University of the Punjab (PUIC), Pakistan, in 2012. He joined University of Malaya as a PhD Scholar in February 2014. His research interests include biopolymers based stimuli sensitive hydrogels: synthesis, characterization, properties and applications in drug delivery.

    , Yin Yin Teo

    Yin Yin Teo obtained her PhD degree in Chemistry from University of Malaya in 2013. She is currently a senior lecturer at Department of Chemistry, University of Malaya. Her current research interest includes preparation and characterization of nanocarriers and controlled drug delivery.

    , S. Ramesh

    S. Ramesh received his BSc and MTech (Materials Science) from University of Malaya. He received his PhD from University of Malaya, Malaysia in the field of Advanced Materials in year 2004. He currently serves as a Professor in University of Malaya. His research interests center on improving the understanding, design, and performance of polymer electrolytes, mainly through the application of electrochemical devices such as secondary batteries, solar cells, fuel cells, supercapacitors etc. He has obtained many awards and recognitions. More recently in 2014 he was selected as one of the Top Research Scientists Malaysia.

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    , K. Ramesh

    K. Ramesh is currently working as a Senior Lecturer in Department of Physics. He has obtained his PhD degree from University of Malaya. His research interests focus on organic coatings, corrosion protection, antifouling coatings and polymer electrolytes. He has been awarded as the Outstanding Reviewer for Pigment & Resin Technology in the Emerald Literati Network 2015 Awards for Excellence.

    and Amir Azam Khan

    Amir Azam Khan is presently working as Professor at the Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak (UNIMAS), Kota Samarahan, Malaysia. His present research interests include renewable energy Materials, surface engineering of ceramics, polymer and natural composites, synthesis of nanopowders through sol-gel, water repellant polymeric films and ceramic electrolytes for solid oxide fuel cells. He was awarded Best Young Scientist Award in 2001 (Chemistry) by the Third World Academy of Sciences (TWAS) and Palmes Académiques by the French Government for his invaluable services in the education and research. He was also invited by the Max Planck Institute, Stuttgart, Germany, as an invited researcher and speaker in 2001.

Published/Copyright: September 15, 2015
Become an author with De Gruyter Brill

Abstract

N-succinyl chitosan (NSC) remains a promising chitosan derivative to develop targeted drug delivery, wound dressings, and tissue engineering systems. All these systems are important in life sciences. NSC is an amphiprotic derivative obtained from the N-acylation of chitosan. NSC exhibits extraordinary biocompatibility, significantly increased aqueous solubility in acidic and basic media without affecting the biological properties, appreciable transfection efficiency, and the ability to stimulate osteogenesis. NSC shows enhanced bioavailability, which highlights its potential applications in the biomedical field. This review briefly introduces chitosan, including its limitations as a biomaterial, and modifications of chitosan with a particular focus on acylation, along with a comprehensive overview of the synthesis, characterization, properties, biodistribution, and toxicological/biopharmaceutical profile of NSC. Furthermore, it extensively surveys current state-of-the-art NSC-based formulations for drug delivery with special emphasis on protein delivery, anti-cancer activity in the colon, as well as nasal and ophthalmic targeted gene/drug delivery. Moreover, it discusses NSC-based biomaterial applications in articular, adipose, and bone tissue engineering. In addition, it describes recent contributions of NSC-based hydrogels in wound dressings along with a brief account of drug delivery in combination with tissue engineering. Finally, it presents potential current challenges and future perspectives of NSC-based formulations in the biomedical field.


Corresponding author: S. Ramesh, Centre for Ionics, Faculty of Science, Department of Physics, University of Malaya, Lembah Pantai, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, e-mail:

About the authors

Shahid Bashir

Shahid Bashir earned his Master’s degree in Analytical Chemistry from Institute of Chemistry, University of the Punjab (PUIC), Pakistan, in 2012. He joined University of Malaya as a PhD Scholar in February 2014. His research interests include biopolymers based stimuli sensitive hydrogels: synthesis, characterization, properties and applications in drug delivery.

Yin Yin Teo

Yin Yin Teo obtained her PhD degree in Chemistry from University of Malaya in 2013. She is currently a senior lecturer at Department of Chemistry, University of Malaya. Her current research interest includes preparation and characterization of nanocarriers and controlled drug delivery.

S. Ramesh

S. Ramesh received his BSc and MTech (Materials Science) from University of Malaya. He received his PhD from University of Malaya, Malaysia in the field of Advanced Materials in year 2004. He currently serves as a Professor in University of Malaya. His research interests center on improving the understanding, design, and performance of polymer electrolytes, mainly through the application of electrochemical devices such as secondary batteries, solar cells, fuel cells, supercapacitors etc. He has obtained many awards and recognitions. More recently in 2014 he was selected as one of the Top Research Scientists Malaysia.

K. Ramesh

K. Ramesh is currently working as a Senior Lecturer in Department of Physics. He has obtained his PhD degree from University of Malaya. His research interests focus on organic coatings, corrosion protection, antifouling coatings and polymer electrolytes. He has been awarded as the Outstanding Reviewer for Pigment & Resin Technology in the Emerald Literati Network 2015 Awards for Excellence.

Amir Azam Khan

Amir Azam Khan is presently working as Professor at the Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak (UNIMAS), Kota Samarahan, Malaysia. His present research interests include renewable energy Materials, surface engineering of ceramics, polymer and natural composites, synthesis of nanopowders through sol-gel, water repellant polymeric films and ceramic electrolytes for solid oxide fuel cells. He was awarded Best Young Scientist Award in 2001 (Chemistry) by the Third World Academy of Sciences (TWAS) and Palmes Académiques by the French Government for his invaluable services in the education and research. He was also invited by the Max Planck Institute, Stuttgart, Germany, as an invited researcher and speaker in 2001.

Acknowledgments

This work was supported by the High Impact Research Grant (H-21001-F000046) from the Ministry of Education, Malaysia, and University of Malaya Research Grants (RP025A-14AFR and RP017C-14AFR).

Conflict of interest statement: The authors have no conflict of interest.

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Received: 2015-3-11
Accepted: 2015-7-2
Published Online: 2015-9-15
Published in Print: 2015-12-1

©2015 by De Gruyter

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