Introduction to bio-based packaging materials
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Asmawi Nazrin
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H. S. N. Hawanis
Abstract
Bio-based materials must be studied to replace polymers from petrochemical sources in packaging applications. However, using polymers from petrochemical sources has caused consumer and environmental concerns. Therefore, synthetic and non-synthetic materials that can be used for packaging applications, scale-up methods, industrial uses, sustainability assessments, and end-of-life alternatives will all be included in this study. Synthetic polymers, e.g., polylactic acid (PLA), polyethylene furanoate (PEF), polybutylene succinate (PBS), and non-synthetic polymers, including waxes, lipids, proteins, starch, cellulose, and polyhydrodialkanoate (PHAs), are some of the bio-based compounds that will be covered in this work. Besides that, more attention is paid to surface modification techniques and coatings, multilayers, biocomposites, and additives used to modify material characteristics, particularly gas and moisture barriers and biodegradability. In sum, this research offers a comprehensive analysis of bio-based packaging materials, including processing, and an assessment of sustainability and available alternatives.
Funding source: Ministry of Higher Education Malaysia (MOHE)
Award Identifier / Grant number: JPT (BPKI) 1000/016/018/25 (57)
Funding source: Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
Award Identifier / Grant number: PY/2022/02318†Q.J130000.3851.21H99
Acknowledgements
The authors would like to express gratitude for the financial support received from the Universiti Teknologi Malaysia for the project “The impact of Malaysian bamboos’ chemical and fiber characteristics on their pulp and paper properties”, grant number PY/2022/02318—Q.J130000.3851.21H99. The research has been carried out under the programme, Research Excellence Consortium (JPT (BPKI) 1000/016/018/25 (57)), provided by the Ministry of Higher Education Malaysia (MOHE).
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Author contributions: All the authors have accepted responsibility for the entire content of this submitted manuscript and approved submission.
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Research funding: None declared.
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Conflict of interest statement: The authors declare no conflicts of interest regarding this article.
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