Home Physical Sciences Cogging force reduction in linear tubular flux switching permanent-magnet machines
Article Open Access

Cogging force reduction in linear tubular flux switching permanent-magnet machines

  • Doudou Sarr Lo , Yacine Amara EMAIL logo , Georges Barakat and Ferhat Chabour
Published/Copyright: May 30, 2018
Download Article (PDF)
Open Physics
From the journal Open Physics Volume 16 Issue 1

Abstract

The aim of this paper is to explore the possibility of using linear tubular flux switching permanent magnet machines in a free piston energy conversion (FPEC) system. In FPEC systems, acceleration and therefore speed are often relatively high, which impose to have a reduced number of poles, meanwhile the cogging force will be relatively high. In order to reduce the cogging force two techniques are combined. The analysis is done using finite element method.

Keywords: linear tubular machines; flux switching permanent magnet; cogging force
PACS: 82.47.-a; 84.50.+d; 84.60.-h

1 Introduction

Flux switching permanent magnet linear tubular machines (FSPMLM) have some advantages over other types of permanent magnet linear machines. In these machines all magnetic excitation sources are placed in the same armature (stator or rotor), and the other armature is completely passive, as for the switched reluctance machines. This structure allows to reduce costs if the longer armature is the passive one [1]. Moreover, if both magnetic sources are placed in the stator, which is the case of the structures studied in this paper, the cooling is made easier, which insure a better and more stable performance. Furthermore, due to their high power density and efficiency, and the fact that they have no end-windings, tubular linear machines are superior to the planar linear structures [2]. Tubular linear structures are then being developed for an increasing variety of applications, ranging from free-piston energy converters and reciprocating compressors, to healthcare devices and active vehicle suspensions [2].

In this paper, the possibility of using linear tubular flux switching machines (LTFSM) in free piston energy converters [3] is explored. Free piston energy conversion (FPEC) systems are used in series hybrid vehicles as electric power source [3]. In FPEC systems, acceleration and therefore speed are often relatively high, which impose to have a reduced number of poles, meanwhile the cogging force will be relatively high.

In this study, two techniques are combined in order to reduce the cogging force [4]. The first technique consists of dividing the stator armature in two separate modules and adjust the separation length in order to reduce the cogging force. The second technique consist of adding teeth at the static armature ends [1].

2 Structures and operating principle of the LTFSPM

Figure 1(a) shows a 3D cut view of a 6/4 LTFSPM structure. Figure 1(b) shows main geometric dimensions of elementary cells of the stator and moving armatures. Table 1 gives the main machine’s dimensions and material characteristics. The operating principal of flux switching machines has been described in many publications [1, 5]. According to the relative position of the mobile part regarding the static armature, the magnetic flux linkage in the armature windings can be counted as either positive or negative, and is then alternative [1, 5].

Figure 1 LTFSPM Machine
Figure 1

LTFSPM Machine

Table 1

Machine’s Characteristics (6/4 structure)

Mobile armature inner radius Rim10(mm)
Mobile armature outer radius Rem30(mm)
Pole pitch τp75(mm)
Mobile armature tooth width Wmt10(mm)
Mobile armature tooth height Hmt10(mm)
Stator inner radius Ris31(mm)
Stator outer radius Res56(mm)
Stator teeth width Wst10(mm)
Stator slots width Wss20(mm)
PM width Wpm10(mm)
Stator back iron height Hbi5(mm)
PM characteristics Br, μr1 (T), 1
Iron cores materialM330-35A

Two machines are studied in this paper. They are both 3 phased structures and their mover is longer than the static armature. The mobile part is similar to linear switched reluctance (SR) machine moving armatures, and therefore, has a simple and robust structure. The stator is composed of six modules and the rotor is composed of 8 (6/4 LTFSPM) or 10 (6/5 LTFSPM) modules. In their initial configuration, there is always 4 or 5 rotor modules covered by the static armature of the machine. The 6/5 LTFSPM have same main dimensions as the 6/4 LTFSPM, the only difference is the pole pith length which is equal to 60 mm for the 6/5 structure. The mobile armature is 600 mm length for both structures. In the initial structure of the stator, two magnets of same polarity are placed at both axial ends. Their thickness is equal to Wpm/2. The initial dimensions of these machines have been arbitrary set without any optimization.

3 Cogging force reduction

In linear permanent magnet machines, the cogging force is due to both slot-effect and end-effects. Many techniques are used for the reduction of cogging force in linear permanent magnet (LPM) machines [1, 6, 7, 8, 9]. In this paper two techniques will be combined in order to reduce the cogging force (Figure 2).

Figure 2 Illustration of the reduction techniques
Figure 2

Illustration of the reduction techniques

  • The first technique consists of dividing the stator in two modules, each one containing three elementary cells [Figure 1(b)]. The gap between the two modules is filled with iron and its width (Ws) is adjusted in order to reduce the cogging force.

  • For the second technique, additional U shaped teeth (cores) are placed at both ends of the stator [1]. The width of the slot (Wat) in the additional cores is varied in order to reduce the cogging force. The dimensions of teeth and back-iron of the two U shaped cores are similar to those of the elementary cell [Figure 1(b)].

Figure 2 shows the new structure, obtained when the two techniques are applied. Figure 2(a) shows a 2D axial cut, and Figures 2(b) and 2(c) show zooms on central and left end-side respectively. Figure 2(d) shows a 3D cut view of the new configuration. In order to analyze the performance of the machines, finite element method (FEM) is used. Flux2D commercial package is used for that purpose. Since the studied machines have tubular structure, 2-D axi-symmetric finite element analysis is used. The air surrounding the machine is modeled using the well known mapped infinite elements technique for open boundary problems. The studied domains are meshed with second order elements. The number of nodes is around 50 000 nodes. Figure 3 shows a zoom on the mesh of the air-gap. The air-gap is meshed with two layers of elements. The machines are analyzed using multi-static magnetic formulation.

Figure 3 2D Mesh
Figure 3

2D Mesh

Figures 4(a) and 4(b) show the variation of maximum cogging force when the two widths Wat and Ws are varied for 6/4 and 6/5 structures respectively. As can be seen the cogging force is more sensitive to the variation of the spacing width (Ws) as compared to the slot width (Wat). However, the assistant cores helped also to reduce the cogging force even if it is in a less important fashion. Figures 5(a) and 5(b) show a comparison of cogging forces obtained for initial structures and optimized ones (Ws = 13 mm and Wat = 20 mm for the 6/4 structure, and Ws = 0 mm and Wat = 28 mm for the 6/5 structure). As can been seen a significant reduction is achieved.

Figure 4 Maximum value of cogging force variations with Wat and Ws
Figure 4

Maximum value of cogging force variations with Wat and Ws

Figure 5 Cogging forces comparisons
Figure 5

Cogging forces comparisons

4 Performance Analysis

In this section, the effects of the techniques used for the reduction of cogging force on the machines performances are explored. Two windings configurations are studied [2]. Figure 6 shows the two windings configurations for the two machines in their initial and optimized configurations.

Figure 6 Windings configurations for the different machines
Figure 6

Windings configurations for the different machines

The armature windings are distributed in order to form a three-phase windings. Each phase is formed from 4 annular coils in their conventional configuration, and 3 annular coils in their alternative configuration. The coils are distributed in order to maximize the flux in each phase. For the sake of clarity, the U shaped additional cores are not represented. For the 6/5 structure, since Ws = 0 mm for the optimized machine, the windings configurations [Figures 6(e) and 6(f)] are identical for the initial and optimized machines.

Figure 7 shows comparison of EMF waveforms for the 6/4 structure with the alternative windings configurations. In order to save space, only EMF waveforms for the alternative winding configuration are shown. Figure 8 shows same comparison for the 6/5 structure. The alternative windings configuration allows obtaining a higher fundamental amplitude as compared to conventional one at the price of a more significant imbalance in the phase EMF waveforms [2]. Figure 9 shows comparison of thrust force waveforms for the two structures for the different windings configurations. The thrust force is computed for a current density of 10 Arms/mm2, with a null phase shifting between current and EMF in each phase. A slot filling factor of 0.6 is considered. As can be seen the alternative windings allows increasing the force capability as compared to the conventional ones. The optimized structures have lower force ripple as compared to initial structures (Table 2).

Figure 7 Comparison of EMF waveforms for initial and optimized 6/4 structure with alternative windings configuration
Figure 7

Comparison of EMF waveforms for initial and optimized 6/4 structure with alternative windings configuration

Figure 8 Comparison of EMF waveforms for initial and optimized 6/5 structure with alternative windings configuration
Figure 8

Comparison of EMF waveforms for initial and optimized 6/5 structure with alternative windings configuration

Figure 9 Comparison of thrust force waveforms
Figure 9

Comparison of thrust force waveforms

Table 2

Comparison of Thrust Force Characteristics

MachineMeans thrust force (N)Force ripple ratio (%)
Initial 6/4 LTFSPM CW387471
Initial 6/4 LTFSPM AW631311
Optimized 6/4 LTFSPM CW407136
Optimized 6/4 LTFSPM AW69599
Initial 6/5 LTFSPM CW95376
Initial 6/5 LTFSPM AW108768
Optimized 6/5 LTFSPM CW97152
Optimized 6/5 LTFSPM AW110448

Table 2 gives mean values of thrust forces and the force ripple ratios for the different machines. Again, the alternative windings allows increasing the force capability as compared to the conventional ones, and optimized machines have lower force ripple as compared to initial machines. For both configurations (6/4 and 6/5) optimized structures with alternative windings give the best compromise between force capability and force ripple. Indeed, they have the higher mean force values and the lower force ripple ratios (Table 2). It should be highlighted that these comparisons, for a given configuration, are done with same PM and copper volumes.

Regarding the EMF waveforms, it should be noticed that the 6/4 structure, in its initial version, presents a large second order harmonic [10]. The second order harmonic amplitude is even higher than fundamental component amplitude. The spacing between the two stator modules, for the optimized machines, helped reduce this amplitude to an acceptable level.

5 Conclusion

In this paper, two techniques have been combined in order to reduce the cogging force in linear tubular flux switching PM machines. Two structures have been studied (6/4 and 6/5 structures). The combination allowed to significantly reduce the cogging force and subsequently the force ripple of these machines. Two windings configurations have been investigated. It has been verified that the machines equipped with alternative windings configuration have higher force capability [2]. Furthermore, as expected the peak-to-peak force ripple decreases as the smallest common multiple between the pole number and slot number increases [2]. This study helped designing a 6/5 LTFSPM machine which is being built. The experimental performance of designed machine will be reported in a future contribution.

Acknowledgement

The project is co-financed by the European Union with the European regional development fund (ERDF) and by the Haute-Normandie Regional Council.

References

[1] Wang C.-F., Shen J.-X., Wang Y., Wang L.-L., Jin M.-J., A New Method for Reduction of Detent Force in Permanent Magnet Flux-Switching Linear Motors, IEEE Trans. Magn., 2009, 45, 6, 2843-2846.10.1109/TMAG.2009.2018689Search in Google Scholar

[2] Wang J., Wang W., Atallah K., Howe D., Design Considerations for Tubular Flux-Switching Permanent Magnet Machines, IEEE Trans. Magn., 2008, 44, 11, 4026-4032.10.1109/TMAG.2008.2002773Search in Google Scholar

[3] Wang J., West M., Howe D., Zelaya-De La Parra H., Arshad W.M., Design and Experimental Verification of a Linear Permanent Magnet Generator for a Free-Piston Energy Converter, IEEE Trans. Energy Convers., 2007, 22, 2, 299-306.10.1109/TEC.2006.875434Search in Google Scholar

[4] Lo D.S., Amara Y., Barakat G., Chabour F., Reduction of cogging force in linear tubular flux switching permanent-magnet machines, Proceedings of 18th International Symposium on Electromagnetic Fields in Mechatronics, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, ISEF2017 (14-16 September 2017, Lodz, Poland), 2007.10.1109/ISEF.2017.8090683Search in Google Scholar

[5] Hoang E., Ben Ahmed A.H., Lucidarme J., Switching flux permanent magnet polyphased synchronous machines, Proceedings of 7th Eur. Conf. Power Electr. Appl. EPE Conf., EPE1997 (September 1997, Trondheim, Norway), 1997, 903-908.Search in Google Scholar

[6] Yoshlmura T., Rim H. J., Watada M., Toni S., Ebihara D., Analysis of the reduction of detent force in a permanent magnet linear synchronous motor, IEEE Trans. Magn., 1995, 31, 6, 3728-3730.10.1109/20.489752Search in Google Scholar

[7] Inoue M., Sato K., An approach to a suitable stator length for minimizing the detent force of permanent magnet linear synchronous motors, IEEE Trans. Magn., 2000, 36, 4, 1890-1893.10.1109/20.877814Search in Google Scholar

[8] Wang J., Inoue M., Amara Y., Howe D., Cogging-force-reduction techniques for linear permanent-magnet machines, IEE Proceedings - Electric Power Applications, 2005, 152, 3, 731-738.10.1049/ip-epa:20045254Search in Google Scholar

[9] Taghipour Boroujeni S., Milimonfared J., Ashabani M., Design, prototyping, and analysis of a novel tubular permanent-magnet linear machine, IEEE Trans. Magn., 2009, 45, 12, 5405-5413.10.1109/TMAG.2009.2022837Search in Google Scholar

[10] Li Y., Bobba D., Sarlioglu B., A novel 6/4 flux-switching permanent magnet machine designed for high-speed operations, IEEE Trans. Magn., 2016, 52, 8, 1-9.10.1109/TMAG.2016.2547366Search in Google Scholar

Received: 2017-11-01
Accepted: 2017-11-30
Published Online: 2018-05-30

© 2018 D. Sarr Lo et al., published by De Gruyter

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 License.

Articles in the same Issue

  1. Regular Articles
  2. A modified Fermi-Walker derivative for inextensible flows of binormal spherical image
  3. Algebraic aspects of evolution partial differential equation arising in the study of constant elasticity of variance model from financial mathematics
  4. Three-dimensional atom localization via probe absorption in a cascade four-level atomic system
  5. Determination of the energy transitions and half-lives of Rubidium nuclei
  6. Three phase heat and mass transfer model for unsaturated soil freezing process: Part 1 - model development
  7. Three phase heat and mass transfer model for unsaturated soil freezing process: Part 2 - model validation
  8. Mathematical model for thermal and entropy analysis of thermal solar collectors by using Maxwell nanofluids with slip conditions, thermal radiation and variable thermal conductivity
  9. Constructing analytic solutions on the Tricomi equation
  10. Feynman diagrams and rooted maps
  11. New type of chaos synchronization in discrete-time systems: the F-M synchronization
  12. Unsteady flow of fractional Oldroyd-B fluids through rotating annulus
  13. A note on the uniqueness of 2D elastostatic problems formulated by different types of potential functions
  14. On the conservation laws and solutions of a (2+1) dimensional KdV-mKdV equation of mathematical physics
  15. Computational methods and traveling wave solutions for the fourth-order nonlinear Ablowitz-Kaup-Newell-Segur water wave dynamical equation via two methods and its applications
  16. Siewert solutions of transcendental equations, generalized Lambert functions and physical applications
  17. Numerical solution of mixed convection flow of an MHD Jeffery fluid over an exponentially stretching sheet in the presence of thermal radiation and chemical reaction
  18. A new three-dimensional chaotic flow with one stable equilibrium: dynamical properties and complexity analysis
  19. Dynamics of a dry-rebounding drop: observations, simulations, and modeling
  20. Modeling the initial mechanical response and yielding behavior of gelled crude oil
  21. Lie symmetry analysis and conservation laws for the time fractional simplified modified Kawahara equation
  22. Solitary wave solutions of two KdV-type equations
  23. Applying industrial tomography to control and optimization flow systems
  24. Reconstructing time series into a complex network to assess the evolution dynamics of the correlations among energy prices
  25. An optimal solution for software testing case generation based on particle swarm optimization
  26. Optimal system, nonlinear self-adjointness and conservation laws for generalized shallow water wave equation
  27. Alternative methods for solving nonlinear two-point boundary value problems
  28. Global model simulation of OH production in pulsed-DC atmospheric pressure helium-air plasma jets
  29. Experimental investigation on optical vortex tweezers for microbubble trapping
  30. Joint measurements of optical parameters by irradiance scintillation and angle-of-arrival fluctuations
  31. M-polynomials and topological indices of hex-derived networks
  32. Generalized convergence analysis of the fractional order systems
  33. Porous flow characteristics of solution-gas drive in tight oil reservoirs
  34. Complementary wave solutions for the long-short wave resonance model via the extended trial equation method and the generalized Kudryashov method
  35. A Note on Koide’s Doubly Special Parametrization of Quark Masses
  36. On right-angled spherical Artin monoid of type Dn
  37. Gas flow regimes judgement in nanoporous media by digital core analysis
  38. 4 + n-dimensional water and waves on four and eleven-dimensional manifolds
  39. Stabilization and Analytic Approximate Solutions of an Optimal Control Problem
  40. On the equations of electrodynamics in a flat or curved spacetime and a possible interaction energy
  41. New prediction method for transient productivity of fractured five-spot patterns in low permeability reservoirs at high water cut stages
  42. The collinear equilibrium points in the restricted three body problem with triaxial primaries
  43. Detection of the damage threshold of fused silica components and morphologies of repaired damage sites based on the beam deflection method
  44. On the bivariate spectral quasi-linearization method for solving the two-dimensional Bratu problem
  45. Ion acoustic quasi-soliton in an electron-positron-ion plasma with superthermal electrons and positrons
  46. Analysis of projectile motion in view of conformable derivative
  47. Computing multiple ABC index and multiple GA index of some grid graphs
  48. Terahertz pulse imaging: A novel denoising method by combing the ant colony algorithm with the compressive sensing
  49. Characteristics of microscopic pore-throat structure of tight oil reservoirs in Sichuan Basin measured by rate-controlled mercury injection
  50. An activity window model for social interaction structure on Twitter
  51. Transient thermal regime trough the constitutive matrix applied to asynchronous electrical machine using the cell method
  52. On the zagreb polynomials of benzenoid systems
  53. Integrability analysis of the partial differential equation describing the classical bond-pricing model of mathematical finance
  54. The Greek parameters of a continuous arithmetic Asian option pricing model via Laplace Adomian decomposition method
  55. Quantifying the global solar radiation received in Pietermaritzburg, KwaZulu-Natal to motivate the consumption of solar technologies
  56. Sturm-Liouville difference equations having Bessel and hydrogen atom potential type
  57. Study on the response characteristics of oil wells after deep profile control in low permeability fractured reservoirs
  58. Depiction and analysis of a modified theta shaped double negative metamaterial for satellite application
  59. An attempt to geometrize electromagnetism
  60. Structure of traveling wave solutions for some nonlinear models via modified mathematical method
  61. Thermo-convective instability in a rotating ferromagnetic fluid layer with temperature modulation
  62. Construction of new solitary wave solutions of generalized Zakharov-Kuznetsov-Benjamin-Bona-Mahony and simplified modified form of Camassa-Holm equations
  63. Effect of magnetic field and heat source on Upper-convected-maxwell fluid in a porous channel
  64. Physical cues of biomaterials guide stem cell fate of differentiation: The effect of elasticity of cell culture biomaterials
  65. Shooting method analysis in wire coating withdrawing from a bath of Oldroyd 8-constant fluid with temperature dependent viscosity
  66. Rank correlation between centrality metrics in complex networks: an empirical study
  67. Special Issue: The 18th International Symposium on Electromagnetic Fields in Mechatronics, Electrical and Electronic Engineering
  68. Modeling of electric and heat processes in spot resistance welding of cross-wire steel bars
  69. Dynamic characteristics of triaxial active control magnetic bearing with asymmetric structure
  70. Design optimization of an axial-field eddy-current magnetic coupling based on magneto-thermal analytical model
  71. Thermal constitutive matrix applied to asynchronous electrical machine using the cell method
  72. Temperature distribution around thin electroconductive layers created on composite textile substrates
  73. Model of the multipolar engine with decreased cogging torque by asymmetrical distribution of the magnets
  74. Analysis of spatial thermal field in a magnetic bearing
  75. Use of the mathematical model of the ignition system to analyze the spark discharge, including the destruction of spark plug electrodes
  76. Assessment of short/long term electric field strength measurements for a pilot district
  77. Simulation study and experimental results for detection and classification of the transient capacitor inrush current using discrete wavelet transform and artificial intelligence
  78. Magnetic transmission gear finite element simulation with iron pole hysteresis
  79. Pulsed excitation terahertz tomography – multiparametric approach
  80. Low and high frequency model of three phase transformer by frequency response analysis measurement
  81. Multivariable polynomial fitting of controlled single-phase nonlinear load of input current total harmonic distortion
  82. Optimal design of a for middle-low-speed maglev trains
  83. Eddy current modeling in linear and nonlinear multifilamentary composite materials
  84. The visual attention saliency map for movie retrospection
  85. AC/DC current ratio in a current superimposition variable flux reluctance machine
  86. Influence of material uncertainties on the RLC parameters of wound inductors modeled using the finite element method
  87. Cogging force reduction in linear tubular flux switching permanent-magnet machines
  88. Modeling hysteresis curves of La(FeCoSi)13 compound near the transition point with the GRUCAD model
  89. Electro-magneto-hydrodynamic lubrication
  90. 3-D Electromagnetic field analysis of wireless power transfer system using K computer
  91. Simplified simulation technique of rotating, induction heated, calender rolls for study of temperature field control
  92. Design, fabrication and testing of electroadhesive interdigital electrodes
  93. A method to reduce partial discharges in motor windings fed by PWM inverter
  94. Reluctance network lumped mechanical & thermal models for the modeling and predesign of concentrated flux synchronous machine
  95. Special Issue Applications of Nonlinear Dynamics
  96. Study on dynamic characteristics of silo-stock-foundation interaction system under seismic load
  97. Microblog topic evolution computing based on LDA algorithm
  98. Modeling the creep damage effect on the creep crack growth behavior of rotor steel
  99. Neighborhood condition for all fractional (g, f, n′, m)-critical deleted graphs
  100. Chinese open information extraction based on DBMCSS in the field of national information resources
  101. 10.1515/phys-2018-0079
  102. CPW-fed circularly-polarized antenna array with high front-to-back ratio and low-profile
  103. Intelligent Monitoring Network Construction based on the utilization of the Internet of things (IoT) in the Metallurgical Coking Process
  104. Temperature detection technology of power equipment based on Fiber Bragg Grating
  105. Research on a rotational speed control strategy of the mandrel in a rotary steering system
  106. Dynamic load balancing algorithm for large data flow in distributed complex networks
  107. Super-structured photonic crystal fiber Bragg grating biosensor image model based on sparse matrix
  108. Fractal-based techniques for physiological time series: An updated approach
  109. Analysis of the Imaging Characteristics of the KB and KBA X-ray Microscopes at Non-coaxial Grazing Incidence
  110. Application of modified culture Kalman filter in bearing fault diagnosis
  111. Exact solutions and conservation laws for the modified equal width-Burgers equation
  112. On topological properties of block shift and hierarchical hypercube networks
  113. Elastic properties and plane acoustic velocity of cubic Sr2CaMoO6 and Sr2CaWO6 from first-principles calculations
  114. A note on the transmission feasibility problem in networks
  115. Ontology learning algorithm using weak functions
  116. Diagnosis of the power frequency vacuum arc shape based on 2D-PIV
  117. Parametric simulation analysis and reliability of escalator truss
  118. A new algorithm for real economy benefit evaluation based on big data analysis
  119. Synergy analysis of agricultural economic cycle fluctuation based on ant colony algorithm
  120. Multi-level encryption algorithm for user-related information across social networks
  121. Multi-target tracking algorithm in intelligent transportation based on wireless sensor network
  122. Fast recognition method of moving video images based on BP neural networks
  123. Compressed sensing image restoration algorithm based on improved SURF operator
  124. Design of load optimal control algorithm for smart grid based on demand response in different scenarios
  125. Face recognition method based on GA-BP neural network algorithm
  126. Optimal path selection algorithm for mobile beacons in sensor network under non-dense distribution
  127. Localization and recognition algorithm for fuzzy anomaly data in big data networks
  128. Urban road traffic flow control under incidental congestion as a function of accident duration
  129. Optimization design of reconfiguration algorithm for high voltage power distribution network based on ant colony algorithm
  130. Feasibility simulation of aseismic structure design for long-span bridges
  131. Construction of renewable energy supply chain model based on LCA
  132. The tribological properties study of carbon fabric/ epoxy composites reinforced by nano-TiO2 and MWNTs
  133. A text-Image feature mapping algorithm based on transfer learning
  134. Fast recognition algorithm for static traffic sign information
  135. Topical Issue: Clean Energy: Materials, Processes and Energy Generation
  136. An investigation of the melting process of RT-35 filled circular thermal energy storage system
  137. Numerical analysis on the dynamic response of a plate-and-frame membrane humidifier for PEMFC vehicles under various operating conditions
  138. Energy converting layers for thin-film flexible photovoltaic structures
  139. Effect of convection heat transfer on thermal energy storage unit
https://doi.org/10.1515/phys-2018-0035
Keywords for this article
linear tubular machines; flux switching permanent magnet; cogging force
Creative Commons
BY-NC-ND 4.0

Articles in the same Issue

  1. Regular Articles
  2. A modified Fermi-Walker derivative for inextensible flows of binormal spherical image
  3. Algebraic aspects of evolution partial differential equation arising in the study of constant elasticity of variance model from financial mathematics
  4. Three-dimensional atom localization via probe absorption in a cascade four-level atomic system
  5. Determination of the energy transitions and half-lives of Rubidium nuclei
  6. Three phase heat and mass transfer model for unsaturated soil freezing process: Part 1 - model development
  7. Three phase heat and mass transfer model for unsaturated soil freezing process: Part 2 - model validation
  8. Mathematical model for thermal and entropy analysis of thermal solar collectors by using Maxwell nanofluids with slip conditions, thermal radiation and variable thermal conductivity
  9. Constructing analytic solutions on the Tricomi equation
  10. Feynman diagrams and rooted maps
  11. New type of chaos synchronization in discrete-time systems: the F-M synchronization
  12. Unsteady flow of fractional Oldroyd-B fluids through rotating annulus
  13. A note on the uniqueness of 2D elastostatic problems formulated by different types of potential functions
  14. On the conservation laws and solutions of a (2+1) dimensional KdV-mKdV equation of mathematical physics
  15. Computational methods and traveling wave solutions for the fourth-order nonlinear Ablowitz-Kaup-Newell-Segur water wave dynamical equation via two methods and its applications
  16. Siewert solutions of transcendental equations, generalized Lambert functions and physical applications
  17. Numerical solution of mixed convection flow of an MHD Jeffery fluid over an exponentially stretching sheet in the presence of thermal radiation and chemical reaction
  18. A new three-dimensional chaotic flow with one stable equilibrium: dynamical properties and complexity analysis
  19. Dynamics of a dry-rebounding drop: observations, simulations, and modeling
  20. Modeling the initial mechanical response and yielding behavior of gelled crude oil
  21. Lie symmetry analysis and conservation laws for the time fractional simplified modified Kawahara equation
  22. Solitary wave solutions of two KdV-type equations
  23. Applying industrial tomography to control and optimization flow systems
  24. Reconstructing time series into a complex network to assess the evolution dynamics of the correlations among energy prices
  25. An optimal solution for software testing case generation based on particle swarm optimization
  26. Optimal system, nonlinear self-adjointness and conservation laws for generalized shallow water wave equation
  27. Alternative methods for solving nonlinear two-point boundary value problems
  28. Global model simulation of OH production in pulsed-DC atmospheric pressure helium-air plasma jets
  29. Experimental investigation on optical vortex tweezers for microbubble trapping
  30. Joint measurements of optical parameters by irradiance scintillation and angle-of-arrival fluctuations
  31. M-polynomials and topological indices of hex-derived networks
  32. Generalized convergence analysis of the fractional order systems
  33. Porous flow characteristics of solution-gas drive in tight oil reservoirs
  34. Complementary wave solutions for the long-short wave resonance model via the extended trial equation method and the generalized Kudryashov method
  35. A Note on Koide’s Doubly Special Parametrization of Quark Masses
  36. On right-angled spherical Artin monoid of type Dn
  37. Gas flow regimes judgement in nanoporous media by digital core analysis
  38. 4 + n-dimensional water and waves on four and eleven-dimensional manifolds
  39. Stabilization and Analytic Approximate Solutions of an Optimal Control Problem
  40. On the equations of electrodynamics in a flat or curved spacetime and a possible interaction energy
  41. New prediction method for transient productivity of fractured five-spot patterns in low permeability reservoirs at high water cut stages
  42. The collinear equilibrium points in the restricted three body problem with triaxial primaries
  43. Detection of the damage threshold of fused silica components and morphologies of repaired damage sites based on the beam deflection method
  44. On the bivariate spectral quasi-linearization method for solving the two-dimensional Bratu problem
  45. Ion acoustic quasi-soliton in an electron-positron-ion plasma with superthermal electrons and positrons
  46. Analysis of projectile motion in view of conformable derivative
  47. Computing multiple ABC index and multiple GA index of some grid graphs
  48. Terahertz pulse imaging: A novel denoising method by combing the ant colony algorithm with the compressive sensing
  49. Characteristics of microscopic pore-throat structure of tight oil reservoirs in Sichuan Basin measured by rate-controlled mercury injection
  50. An activity window model for social interaction structure on Twitter
  51. Transient thermal regime trough the constitutive matrix applied to asynchronous electrical machine using the cell method
  52. On the zagreb polynomials of benzenoid systems
  53. Integrability analysis of the partial differential equation describing the classical bond-pricing model of mathematical finance
  54. The Greek parameters of a continuous arithmetic Asian option pricing model via Laplace Adomian decomposition method
  55. Quantifying the global solar radiation received in Pietermaritzburg, KwaZulu-Natal to motivate the consumption of solar technologies
  56. Sturm-Liouville difference equations having Bessel and hydrogen atom potential type
  57. Study on the response characteristics of oil wells after deep profile control in low permeability fractured reservoirs
  58. Depiction and analysis of a modified theta shaped double negative metamaterial for satellite application
  59. An attempt to geometrize electromagnetism
  60. Structure of traveling wave solutions for some nonlinear models via modified mathematical method
  61. Thermo-convective instability in a rotating ferromagnetic fluid layer with temperature modulation
  62. Construction of new solitary wave solutions of generalized Zakharov-Kuznetsov-Benjamin-Bona-Mahony and simplified modified form of Camassa-Holm equations
  63. Effect of magnetic field and heat source on Upper-convected-maxwell fluid in a porous channel
  64. Physical cues of biomaterials guide stem cell fate of differentiation: The effect of elasticity of cell culture biomaterials
  65. Shooting method analysis in wire coating withdrawing from a bath of Oldroyd 8-constant fluid with temperature dependent viscosity
  66. Rank correlation between centrality metrics in complex networks: an empirical study
  67. Special Issue: The 18th International Symposium on Electromagnetic Fields in Mechatronics, Electrical and Electronic Engineering
  68. Modeling of electric and heat processes in spot resistance welding of cross-wire steel bars
  69. Dynamic characteristics of triaxial active control magnetic bearing with asymmetric structure
  70. Design optimization of an axial-field eddy-current magnetic coupling based on magneto-thermal analytical model
  71. Thermal constitutive matrix applied to asynchronous electrical machine using the cell method
  72. Temperature distribution around thin electroconductive layers created on composite textile substrates
  73. Model of the multipolar engine with decreased cogging torque by asymmetrical distribution of the magnets
  74. Analysis of spatial thermal field in a magnetic bearing
  75. Use of the mathematical model of the ignition system to analyze the spark discharge, including the destruction of spark plug electrodes
  76. Assessment of short/long term electric field strength measurements for a pilot district
  77. Simulation study and experimental results for detection and classification of the transient capacitor inrush current using discrete wavelet transform and artificial intelligence
  78. Magnetic transmission gear finite element simulation with iron pole hysteresis
  79. Pulsed excitation terahertz tomography – multiparametric approach
  80. Low and high frequency model of three phase transformer by frequency response analysis measurement
  81. Multivariable polynomial fitting of controlled single-phase nonlinear load of input current total harmonic distortion
  82. Optimal design of a for middle-low-speed maglev trains
  83. Eddy current modeling in linear and nonlinear multifilamentary composite materials
  84. The visual attention saliency map for movie retrospection
  85. AC/DC current ratio in a current superimposition variable flux reluctance machine
  86. Influence of material uncertainties on the RLC parameters of wound inductors modeled using the finite element method
  87. Cogging force reduction in linear tubular flux switching permanent-magnet machines
  88. Modeling hysteresis curves of La(FeCoSi)13 compound near the transition point with the GRUCAD model
  89. Electro-magneto-hydrodynamic lubrication
  90. 3-D Electromagnetic field analysis of wireless power transfer system using K computer
  91. Simplified simulation technique of rotating, induction heated, calender rolls for study of temperature field control
  92. Design, fabrication and testing of electroadhesive interdigital electrodes
  93. A method to reduce partial discharges in motor windings fed by PWM inverter
  94. Reluctance network lumped mechanical & thermal models for the modeling and predesign of concentrated flux synchronous machine
  95. Special Issue Applications of Nonlinear Dynamics
  96. Study on dynamic characteristics of silo-stock-foundation interaction system under seismic load
  97. Microblog topic evolution computing based on LDA algorithm
  98. Modeling the creep damage effect on the creep crack growth behavior of rotor steel
  99. Neighborhood condition for all fractional (g, f, n′, m)-critical deleted graphs
  100. Chinese open information extraction based on DBMCSS in the field of national information resources
  101. 10.1515/phys-2018-0079
  102. CPW-fed circularly-polarized antenna array with high front-to-back ratio and low-profile
  103. Intelligent Monitoring Network Construction based on the utilization of the Internet of things (IoT) in the Metallurgical Coking Process
  104. Temperature detection technology of power equipment based on Fiber Bragg Grating
  105. Research on a rotational speed control strategy of the mandrel in a rotary steering system
  106. Dynamic load balancing algorithm for large data flow in distributed complex networks
  107. Super-structured photonic crystal fiber Bragg grating biosensor image model based on sparse matrix
  108. Fractal-based techniques for physiological time series: An updated approach
  109. Analysis of the Imaging Characteristics of the KB and KBA X-ray Microscopes at Non-coaxial Grazing Incidence
  110. Application of modified culture Kalman filter in bearing fault diagnosis
  111. Exact solutions and conservation laws for the modified equal width-Burgers equation
  112. On topological properties of block shift and hierarchical hypercube networks
  113. Elastic properties and plane acoustic velocity of cubic Sr2CaMoO6 and Sr2CaWO6 from first-principles calculations
  114. A note on the transmission feasibility problem in networks
  115. Ontology learning algorithm using weak functions
  116. Diagnosis of the power frequency vacuum arc shape based on 2D-PIV
  117. Parametric simulation analysis and reliability of escalator truss
  118. A new algorithm for real economy benefit evaluation based on big data analysis
  119. Synergy analysis of agricultural economic cycle fluctuation based on ant colony algorithm
  120. Multi-level encryption algorithm for user-related information across social networks
  121. Multi-target tracking algorithm in intelligent transportation based on wireless sensor network
  122. Fast recognition method of moving video images based on BP neural networks
  123. Compressed sensing image restoration algorithm based on improved SURF operator
  124. Design of load optimal control algorithm for smart grid based on demand response in different scenarios
  125. Face recognition method based on GA-BP neural network algorithm
  126. Optimal path selection algorithm for mobile beacons in sensor network under non-dense distribution
  127. Localization and recognition algorithm for fuzzy anomaly data in big data networks
  128. Urban road traffic flow control under incidental congestion as a function of accident duration
  129. Optimization design of reconfiguration algorithm for high voltage power distribution network based on ant colony algorithm
  130. Feasibility simulation of aseismic structure design for long-span bridges
  131. Construction of renewable energy supply chain model based on LCA
  132. The tribological properties study of carbon fabric/ epoxy composites reinforced by nano-TiO2 and MWNTs
  133. A text-Image feature mapping algorithm based on transfer learning
  134. Fast recognition algorithm for static traffic sign information
  135. Topical Issue: Clean Energy: Materials, Processes and Energy Generation
  136. An investigation of the melting process of RT-35 filled circular thermal energy storage system
  137. Numerical analysis on the dynamic response of a plate-and-frame membrane humidifier for PEMFC vehicles under various operating conditions
  138. Energy converting layers for thin-film flexible photovoltaic structures
  139. Effect of convection heat transfer on thermal energy storage unit
Sign up now to receive a 20% welcome discount
Institutional Access
How does access work?
Have an idea on how to improve our website?
Please write us.
© 2025 De Gruyter Brill
Downloaded on 7.12.2025 from https://www.degruyterbrill.com/document/doi/10.1515/phys-2018-0035/html
Scroll to top button