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Exploring and explaining variation in phrase-final f0 movements in spontaneous Papuan Malay

  • Constantijn Kaland ORCID logo EMAIL logo and Martine Grice
Published/Copyright: March 25, 2024

Abstract

This study investigates the variation in phrase-final f0 movements found in dyadic unscripted conversations in Papuan Malay, an Eastern Indonesian language. This is done by a novel combination of exploratory and confirmatory classification techniques. In particular, this study investigates the linguistic factors that potentially drive f0 contour variation in phrase-final words produced in a naturalistic interactive dialogue task. To this end, a cluster analysis, manual labelling and random forest analysis are carried out to reveal the main sources of contour variation. These are: taking conversational interaction into account; turn transition, topic continuation, information structure (givenness and contrast), and context-independent properties of words such as word class, syllable structure, voicing and intrinsic f0. Results indicate that contour variation in Papuan Malay, in particular f0 direction and target level, is best explained by turn transitions between speakers, corroborating similar findings for related languages. The applied methods provide opportunities to further lower the threshold of incorporating intonation and prosody in the early stages of language documentation.


Corresponding author: Constantijn Kaland, Universität zu Köln – SFB 1252, Luxemburger Straße 299, 50939 Köln, Germany, E-mail:

Award Identifier / Grant number: Project-ID 281511265

Acknowledgements

The authors thank Katharina Gayler for data processing and two anonymous reviewers for valuable comments. Supplementary material for this study is available on https://osf.io/hxrjg/.

  1. Research funding: The research for this paper has been funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) – Project-ID 281511265 – SFB 1252 Prominence in Language.

  2. Author contributions: CK: concept and design, analysis and interpretation of data, draughting and revising manuscript. MG: interpretation of data, revising manuscript.

  3. Competing interests: The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare.

  4. Research ethics: The experiments reported in this paper have been conducted following protocols and informed consent practices in compliance with the Helsinki Declaration. Prior approval of the protocols and informed consent procedures was granted by the Centre for Endagered Languages Documentation (CELD, Manokwari, West-Papua).

Appendix I

Number of words per participant in the respective datasets.

Participant 324 set 133 subset
1 7 1
2 11 3
3 24 9
4 2 2
5 14 5
6 2 1
7 1 1
8 24 14
9 3 1
10 10 3
11 11 6
12 17 7
13 12 5
14 12 4
15 11 4
16 9 6
17 4 2
18 7 2
19 4 3
20 6 3
21 8 4
22 2 1
23 13 3
24 5 2
25 9 3
26 13 7
27 6 3
28 17 7
29 6 0
30 7 3
31 15 6
32 14 6
33 11 4
34 2 1
35 5 1

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Received: 2023-07-10
Accepted: 2024-03-02
Published Online: 2024-03-25
Published in Print: 2024-06-25

© 2024 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston

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