Abstract
An increasing number of free-ranging southern white rhinos (Ceratotherium simum Burchell 1817) live in fenced and intensively managed reserves. They are often kept in small populations and depend on supplementary feeding in the dry season, which can influence their behaviour and distribution. We studied the distribution and social behaviour of free-ranging southern white rhinos in two smaller reserves in South Africa. In the first reserve, the rhinos (n=13) were supplementary-fed while in the second one, the rhinos (n=8) depended on natural grazing. Following the start of supplementary feeding in the first reserve, the rhinos changed their distribution and concentrated in areas around the feeding places. We observed (79 h of observation) the social behaviour of rhinos at places, where they frequently gathered and the agonistic interactions between them were significantly more frequent at the feeding places (in the first reserve) than at the natural grazing and resting area (in the second reserve). A sufficient number of feeding places and especially their good dispersion could help decrease the agonistic behaviour. Knowledge of the social behaviour of free-ranging rhinos at potentially competitive places in smaller reserves can also be very valuable for better understanding of behaviour of captive animals.
Acknowledgements
We would like to thank the owner of the private game reserve and National Zoological Gardens, South Africa for the permission to undertake this study, personal accommodation and for the financial assistance. We are very grateful to Harold Braack, Antoinette Kotze, Thomas Sikhwivhilu, Wikus Stemmet, Vítězslav Bičík and Norman Owen-Smith for their support and logistical help during our study, and to Petrus for help in the field in the private game reserve. The stay of IC in South Africa was also supported by a mobility grant from the Palacký University. We are grateful to Peter Buss and an anonymous reviewer for valuable comments on the manuscript.
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©2017 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston
Articles in the same Issue
- Frontmatter
- Original Studies
- Effect of supplementary feeding on the social behaviour and distribution patterns of free-ranging southern white rhinoceros
- Activity patterns in sympatric carnivores in the Nahuelbuta Mountain Range, southern-central Chile
- Niche overlap and shared distributional patterns between two South American small carnivorans: Galictis cuja and Lyncodon patagonicus (Carnivora: Mustelidae)
- Rapid assessment of nonvolant mammals in seven sites in the northern State of Pará, Brazil: a forgotten part of the Guiana Region
- Unpaved roads are not adequate surrogates of true transects for sampling agoutis
- Taxonomic and geographic setting of Royle’s mountain vole Alticola roylei revisited
- Taxonomic reassessment of bats from Castelnau’s expedition to South America (1843–1847): Phyllostoma angusticeps Gervais, 1856 (Chiroptera, Phyllostomidae)
- Short Notes
- White-lipped peccaries are recorded at Iguaçu National Park after 20 years
- New record of feeding behavior by the porcupine Coendou spinosus (F. Cuvier, 1823) in high-altitude grassland of the Brazilian Atlantic Forest
- Toucan predation attempt on a Neotropical pygmy squirrel
- Long-term cave roosting in the spectral bat (Vampyrum spectrum)
- On the rare species Amphinectomys savamis Malygin 1994 (Rodentia, Cricetidae, Sigmodontinae): new record and morphological considerations
Articles in the same Issue
- Frontmatter
- Original Studies
- Effect of supplementary feeding on the social behaviour and distribution patterns of free-ranging southern white rhinoceros
- Activity patterns in sympatric carnivores in the Nahuelbuta Mountain Range, southern-central Chile
- Niche overlap and shared distributional patterns between two South American small carnivorans: Galictis cuja and Lyncodon patagonicus (Carnivora: Mustelidae)
- Rapid assessment of nonvolant mammals in seven sites in the northern State of Pará, Brazil: a forgotten part of the Guiana Region
- Unpaved roads are not adequate surrogates of true transects for sampling agoutis
- Taxonomic and geographic setting of Royle’s mountain vole Alticola roylei revisited
- Taxonomic reassessment of bats from Castelnau’s expedition to South America (1843–1847): Phyllostoma angusticeps Gervais, 1856 (Chiroptera, Phyllostomidae)
- Short Notes
- White-lipped peccaries are recorded at Iguaçu National Park after 20 years
- New record of feeding behavior by the porcupine Coendou spinosus (F. Cuvier, 1823) in high-altitude grassland of the Brazilian Atlantic Forest
- Toucan predation attempt on a Neotropical pygmy squirrel
- Long-term cave roosting in the spectral bat (Vampyrum spectrum)
- On the rare species Amphinectomys savamis Malygin 1994 (Rodentia, Cricetidae, Sigmodontinae): new record and morphological considerations