Human Capital and Growth in Arctic Regional Economies: Evidence, Policies and Institutional Perspectives

References

Arctic Council, The Economy of the North: ECONOR 2020 (Arctic Council Secretariat, 2021).Search in Google Scholar

Arctic Council, “The Kingdom of Denmark,” available at: <https://arctic-council.org/about/states/denmark/.Search in Google Scholar

Badina, S. and A. Pankratov, Assessment of the Impacts of Climate Change on the Russian Arctic Economy (including the Energy Industry), 15 Energies, no. 8 2849(2022), 15, available at: https://doi.org/10.3390/en15082849.Search in Google Scholar

Baisheva, S., Human Capital of Arctic Yakutia as a Resource of Ethnic Group Resilience, 112 SHS Web of Conferences (2021), available at: https://doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/202111200038.Search in Google Scholar

Belevskikh, T. and M. Ivanova, Recent Trends of Human Presence in the Arctic Area (As Exemplified by Murmansk Region, Russia), 678 IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science (2021), available at: https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/678/1/012015.Search in Google Scholar

Bennett, M.M., Discursive, Material, Vertical, and Extensive Dimensions of Post-Cold War Arctic Resource Extraction, 39 Polar Geography, no. 4 (2016), available at: https://doi.org/10.1080/1088937X.2016.1234517.Search in Google Scholar

BroadbandUSA, “Supporting President Trump’s Vision for Expanding Broadband in Rural America,” available at: <https://broadbandusa.ntia.doc.gov/node/7397.Search in Google Scholar

Business Index North, Innovative Business in the Arctic: Many Ways to Success (2020), available at: <https://businessindexnorth.com/sites/b/businessindexnorth.com/files/innovativebusinessinthearctic_net.pdf.Search in Google Scholar

Center for Security Policy Studies at George Mason University, “Security and the Arctic,” available at: <https://csps.gmu.edu/annual-symposium/security-and-the-arctic/.Search in Google Scholar

Center and Budget and Policy Priorities, Chart Book: Tracking the Post-Great Recession Economy (2022).Search in Google Scholar

Cohen, D. and M. Soto, Growth and Human Capital: Good Data, Good Results, 12 Journal of Economic Growth, no. 1 (2007), available at: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10887-007-9011-5.Search in Google Scholar

De la Fuente, A. and R. Doménech, Human Capital in Growth Regressions: How Much Difference Does Data Quality Make?, 4 Journal of the European Economic Association, no. 1 (2006), available at: https://doi.org/10.1162/jeea.2006.4.1.1.Search in Google Scholar

Dias, J. and E. Tebaldi, Institutions, Human Capital and Growth: The Institutional Mechanism, 23 Structural Change and Economic Dynamics, no. 3 (2012), available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.strueco.2012.04.003.Search in Google Scholar

Dolgova, I.N., A.G. Korovkin, and A.L. Sinitsa, Macroeconomic Assessment of the State of Labor Markets in the European Part of the Russian Arctic after 2013, 34 Studies on Russian Economic Development (2023), available at: https://doi.org/10.1134/S1075700723010057.Search in Google Scholar

Easterly, W.R., The Elusive Quest for Growth (MIT Press, 2001).Search in Google Scholar

Gerasimova, I.G., I.S. Oblova, and E.I. Golovina, The Demographic Factor Impact on the Economics of the Arctic Region, 10 Resources, no. 11 (2021), available at: https://doi.org/10.3390/resources10110117.Search in Google Scholar

Glukhov, V.V., I.L. Tukkel, and G.F. Detter, Intellectual Potential for the Arctic Ecosystem Development, 180 IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science (2018), available at: https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/180/1/012003.Search in Google Scholar

Government of Greenland, Impact Benefit Agreement (IBA), available at: <https://govmin.gl/exploitation/get-an-exploitation-licence/impact-benefit-agreement-iba/.Search in Google Scholar

Hall, E.R. and C.I. Jones, Why Do Some Countries Produce So Much More Output per Worker than Others? 114 Quarterly Journal of Economics, no. 1 (1999), available at: https://doi.org/10.1162/003355399555954.Search in Google Scholar

Hanuschek, E.A. and L. Woessmann, The Role of Cognitive Skills in Economic Development 46 Journal of Economic Literature, no. 3 (2008), available at: https://doi.org/10.1257/jel.46.3.607.Search in Google Scholar

Ingham, H., COVID-19, the Great Recession and Economic Recovery: A Tale of Two Crises 61 Journal of Common Market Studies, no. 2 (2023), available at: https://doi.org/10.1111/jcms.13383.Search in Google Scholar

International Trade Administration, “Countries Currently Designated by Commerce as Non-Market Economy Countries,” available at: https://www.trade.gov/nme-countries-list.Search in Google Scholar

Ivacheva, O. and V. Zarovnyaeva, Components of the competitiveness of Arctic university graduates as an object of social and labor relations, 112 Northern Sustainable Development Forum, (2021), available at: https://doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/202111200017.Search in Google Scholar

Korchak, E.A., N.A. Serova, E.E. Emelyanova, and A.A. Yakovchuk, Human Capital of the Arctic: Problems and Development Prospects, 302 IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science (2019), available at: https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/302/1/012078.Search in Google Scholar

Khoreva, O., R. Konchakov, C.S. Leonard, A. Tamitskiy, and K. Zaikov, Attracting Skilled Labour to the North: Migration Loss and Policy Implications Across Russia’s Diverse Arctic Regions, 54 Polar Record, nos. 5–6 (2018), available at: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0032247419000019.Search in Google Scholar

Krueger, A.B. and M. Lindahl, Education for Growth: Why and For Whom? 39 Journal of Economic Literature, no. 4 (2001), available at: https://doi.org/10.1257/jel.39.4.1101.Search in Google Scholar

Landrø, M., et al.., Sensing Whales, Storms, Ships and Earthquakes using an Arctic Fiber Optic Cable, 12 Nature Scientific Reports (2022), available at: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-23606-x.Search in Google Scholar

Larchenko, L.V., Restructuring the Economy of Resource-Extracting Regions of the Russian North and the Arctic as a Necessary Condition for Sustainable Territorial Development, 678 IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science (2021), available at: https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/678/1/012018.Search in Google Scholar

Lucas, R.E., Human Capital and Growth, 105 American Economic Review, no. 5 (2015).10.1257/aer.p20151065Search in Google Scholar

Mankiw, N.G., D. Romer, and D. Weil, A Contribution to the Empirics of Economic Growth, 107 Quarterly Journal of Economics, no. 2 (1992), available at: https://doi.org/10.2307/2118477.Search in Google Scholar

Murkowski, L., U.S. Engagement in the Arctic, Present and Future, 46 Wilson Quarterly, no. 1 (2022), available at: <https://www.wilsonquarterly.com/quarterly/the-new-north/us-engagement-in-the-arctic,-present-and-future.Search in Google Scholar

Nordic Council of Ministers, Arctic Human Development Report (2014).Search in Google Scholar

North, D., Institutions, Institutional Change and Economic Performance (Cambridge University Press, 1990).10.1017/CBO9780511808678Search in Google Scholar

Peterson, E.W.F., The Role of Population in Economic Growth, 7 SAGE Open, no. 4 (2017), available at: https://doi.org/10.1177/2158244017736094.Search in Google Scholar

Pitukhina, M., O. Tolstoguzav, and I. Radikov, Migrants’ Strategies within the Arctic Council Member-States: Bottleneck Vacancies Analysis (By the Example of Finland, Sweden, Denmark and Norway), 539 IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science (2020), available at: https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/539/1/012116.Search in Google Scholar

Pitukhina, M. and G. Valery, Indigenous Peoples in the Russian Arctic Labour Market, 58 Polar Record (2022), available at: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0032247421000735.Search in Google Scholar

Polyachenko, A., The Resilience of Russian Arctic Cities 1989–2017, 14 Regional Science Policy & Practice, no. 4 (2022), available at: https://doi.org/10.1111/rsp3.12527.Search in Google Scholar

Pritchett, L., Where Has All the Education Gone? 15 World Bank Economic Review, no. 3 (2001), available at: https://doi.org/10.1093/wber/15.3.367.Search in Google Scholar

Raspotnik, A. and S. Steinicke, “The Arctic’s Economic Future Is Digital,” The Arctic Institute (Feburary 8, 2017), available at: <https://www.thearcticinstitute.org/arctic-economic-future-digital/.Search in Google Scholar

Reid, D., “World’s Largest Data Center to Be Built in Arctic Circle,” CNBC (August 15, 2017), available at: <https://www.cnbc.com/2017/08/15/worlds-largest-data-center-to-be-built-in-arctic-circle.html.Search in Google Scholar

Rodrik, D., A. Subramanian, and F. Trebbi, Institutions Rule: The Primacy of Institutions over Geography and Integration in Economic Development, 9 Journal of Economic Growth, no. 2 (2004), available at: https://doi.org/10.1023/B:JOEG.0000031425.72248.85.10.1023/B:JOEG.0000031425.72248.85Search in Google Scholar

Romashkina, G.F., N.I. Didenko, and D.F. Skripnukv, Socioeconomic Modernization of Russia and Its Arctic Regions, 28 Studies on Russian Economic Development, no. 1 (2017), available at: https://doi.org/10.1134/S1075700717010105.Search in Google Scholar

Romashkina, G.F., D.L. Skipin, Yu A. Yukhtanova, and A.I. Dolgikh, Development of Human Capital in the Arctic Regions of Russia, 539 IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science (2020), available at: https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/539/1/012111.Search in Google Scholar

Samarina, V.P., T.P. Skufina, D.Y. Savon, and S.S. Kudryavtseva, Technological Windows of Opportunity for Russian Arctic Regions: Modeling and Exploitation Prospects, 14 Journal of Risk and Financial Management, no. 9 400(2021), available at: https://doi.org/10.3390/jrfm14090400.Search in Google Scholar

Science & Engineering State Indicators, “State Support for Higher Education per Full-Time Equivalent Student,” available at: <https://ncses.nsf.gov/indicators/states/indicator/state-support-for-higher-education-per-fte-student.Search in Google Scholar

Shittu, W.O., H.O. Musibau, and S.O. Jimoh, The Complementary Roles of Human Capital and Institutional Quality on Natural Resource-FDI-Economic Growth Nexus in the MENA Region, 24 Environment, Development and Sustainability, no. 6 7936, 7957(2022), 24, available at: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10668-021-01767-5.Search in Google Scholar

Simonchuk, V.D. and A.Y. Nikulina, Norway’s Experience in Attracting Human Resources to the Arctic Region, 554 IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science (2020), available at: https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/554/1/012006.Search in Google Scholar

Smits, C.C.A., J.C.S. Justinussen, and R.G. Bertelsen, Human Capital Development and a Social License to Operate: Examples from Arctic Energy in the Faroe Islands, Iceland and Greenland, 16 Energy Research & Social Science (2016), available at: 10.1016/j.erss.2016.03.016.10.1016/j.erss.2016.03.016Search in Google Scholar

Statistics Norway, 08921: Educational attainment, by county, age and sex (C) 1980 – 2023, available at: <https://www.ssb.no/en/statbank/table/08921/tableViewLayout1/.Search in Google Scholar

Statistics Norway, 11713: Regional accounts, by industry © 2008 – 2021, available at: <https://www.ssb.no/en/statbank/table/11713/tableViewLayout1/.Search in Google Scholar

Statistics Sweden, Educational attainment of the population, available at: <https://www.scb.se/uf0506-en.Search in Google Scholar

Sukneva, S.A. and I.V. Nikulkina, Tax Mechanisms of Economic Development and the Improvement of Migration Situation in the Russian Arctic, 7 International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues, no. 1 (2017).Search in Google Scholar

Szirmai, A., Socio-Economic Development (Cambridge University Press, 2015).10.1017/CBO9781107054158Search in Google Scholar

Tatiana, B.A., A. Morozov, and L. Baykova, Vocational Education of Labour Resources as a Condition for the Safe Development of the Arctic Latitudes, 725 IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science (2021), available at: https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/625/1/012007.Search in Google Scholar

TechCamp, “TechCamp Arctic Expertise – Entrepreneurship Forum,” available at: <https://techcamp.america.gov/techcamps/arcticexpertise/.Search in Google Scholar

Tsukerman, V., E. Goryachevskaya, and S. Ivanov, Influence of Innovative Activities on Economic Development of the Russian Arctic, 302 IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science (2019), available at: https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/302/1/012109.Search in Google Scholar

UiT Norges arktiske universitet, “Studiekatalog,” available at: <https://uit.no/utdanning.Search in Google Scholar

United States Census Bureau, Digital Equity Act Population Viewer, available at: <https://mtgis-portal.geo.census.gov/arcgis/apps/webappviewer/index.html?id=c5e6cf675865464a90ff1573c5072b42.Search in Google Scholar

United States Energy Information Administration, Arctic Oil and Natural Gas Resources (2012), available at, <https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=4650.Search in Google Scholar

United States White House, National Strategy for the Arctic Region (2022).Search in Google Scholar

U.S. Department of Commerce, “Biden-Harris Administration Launches $45 Billion ‘Internet for All’ Initiative to Bring Affordable, Reliable High-Speed Internet to Everyone in America,” available at: <https://www.commerce.gov/news/press-releases/2022/05/biden-harris-administration-launches-45-billion-internet-all-initiative.Search in Google Scholar

U.S. Department of Education, “Center of Excellence in Spatial Computing Grant Program,” available at: <https://www2.ed.gov/programs/cesc/index.html.Search in Google Scholar

U.S. Department of Education, “Title III Part A Programs – Alaska Native and Native Hawaiian Serving Institutions,” available at: <https://www2.ed.gov/programs/iduesannh/index.html.Search in Google Scholar

Vincent, J., “Mark Zuckerberg Shares Pictures from Facebook’s Cold, Cold Data Center,” the Verge (September 29, 2016), available at: <https://www.theverge.com/2016/9/29/13103982/facebook-arctic-data-center-sweden-photos.Search in Google Scholar

Wöβmann, L., “Specifying Human Capital,” in D.A.R. George, L. Oxley and K.I. Carlow (eds.), Surveys in Economic Growth: Theory and Empirics (Blackwell, 2004).Search in Google Scholar

Zaikov, K.S., N.A. Kondratov, M.Y. Kuprikov, N.M. Kuprikov, and E. Tamitskaya, Need Analysis of College-Educated Labor Resources in the Russian Arctic, 483 IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering (2019), available at: https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/483/1/012016.Search in Google Scholar

Zharov, V. and N. Zharov, Management of Technological Modernization of Production as the Most Important Factor of Labor Productivity Growth in the Industry of the Arctic Regions, 539 IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science (2020), available at: https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/539/1/012059.Search in Google Scholar