Neue Regelungen für den Schutz von Mensch und Umwelt bei natürlichen Strahlenquellen
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E. Ettenhuber
Abstract
Die Richtlinie 96/29 EURATOM des Rates vom 13. Mai 1996 zur Festlegung der grundlegenden Sicherheitsnormen für den Schutz der Gesundheit der Arbeitskräfte und der Bevölkerung gegen die Gefahren durch ionisierende Strahlung fordert von Mitgliedsländern Strahlenschutzmaßnahmen bei natürlichen Strahlenquellen, auch wenn deren Radioaktivität nicht genutzt wird, wenn die natürliche Strahlenexposition erheblich erhöht ist. Diese Forderung wird in der neuen Strahlenschutzverordnung (StrlSchV) in nationales Recht umgesetzt, die dafür einen eigenen Regelungsbereich enthält. Da die Einwirkungsmöglichkeiten auf die natürlicherweise vorhandenen Strahlenquellen wesentlich geringer sind als bei der Anwendung der Radioaktivität oder der ionisierenden Strahlung unterscheiden sich die Regelungen in mancher Hinsicht. Die Regelungen beschränken sich auf solche Handlungen, die für Beschäftigte oder Personen der Bevölkerung zu Strahlenexpositionen von mehr als 1 mSv fuhren. Die Regelungen wenden sich vor allem an den Arbeitgeber. Sie definieren seine Verantwortung für diesen Teil des Gesundheits- und Arbeitsschutzes. Umfangreiche behördliche Genehmigungen und Überwachungen werden vermieden.
Abstract
The Council directive 96/29/Euratom issued on May 13, 1996, laying down basic safety standards for the protection of the health of workers and the general public against the dangers from ionising radiation, requires that the Member States of the EU make provisions for radiation protection measures relating to natural sources of radiation – even when their radioactive characteristics are not used – in cases where exposures due to natural radiation are significantly increased. This requirement is implemented within German national legislation in the new version of the Radiation Protection Ordinance (StrlSchV), which now includes a new regulative area covering this aspect. As the possibilities of exercising control over sources of radiation of natural origin are significantly limited compared to other radiation applications, the regulations affecting natural sources differ in certain respects. The regulations are limited here to those practices which may lead to radiation exposures to workers or members of the public in excess of 1 mSv. These regulations are directed primarily at the employer, and define the employer’s responsibilities with respect to this area of health and occupational protection. Extensive licensing and monitoring procedures to be applied by the competent authorities are avoided in this respect.
Literatur
1 Verordnung über den Schutz vor Schaden durch ionisierende Strahlen Strahlenschutzverordnung – StrlSchV) vom 20. Juli 2001 BGBL. I S. 1714Search in Google Scholar
2 International Basic Safety Standards for Protection Against Ionizing Radiation and for the Safety of Radiation Sources. IAEA Safety Series No. 115, Vienna 1996Search in Google Scholar
3 Aktuelle radioökologische Fragen des Strahlenschutzes. Veröffentlichungen der Strahlenschutzkommission Band 37, S. 7, Gustav Fischer Verlag 1998Search in Google Scholar
4 Council Directive 96/29 EURATOM of 13 May 1996, laying down basic safety standards for the protection of health of workers and the general public against the dangers arising from ionizing radiation. Official Journal of the European Communities No. L 159/1–114 of June 1996Search in Google Scholar
5 Strahlenexposition an Arbeitsplätzen durch natürliche Radionuklide. Berichte der Strahlenschutzkommission Heft 10, Gustav Fischer Verlag 1997Search in Google Scholar
6 Eingrenzung und Bewertung der von den vorgesehenen NORM-Regelungen der Novelle der StrlSchV betroffenen Bereiche. Bericht BS 9410/2, Januar 2000Search in Google Scholar
© 2002 Carl Hanser Verlag, München
Articles in the same Issue
- Contents
- Calendar of Events
- Calendar of Events • Veranstaltungskalender
- Summaries
- Summaries/Kurzfassungen
- Editorial
- Technical basis for the new German Radiation Protection Ordinance
- Articles
- The revised German Radiation Protection Ordinance
- Books
- Nuclear Fuel Safety Criteria – Technical Review
- Articles
- Radiological basis for the determination of exemption levels
- Books
- Safety of nuclear power plants: Design
- Articles
- Clearance of material with negligible levels of radioactivity based on the amended German Radiation Protection Ordinance
- Amendment of the General Administrative Regulation under Paragraph 47 of the Radiological Protection Ordinance
- Derivation of the maximum permissible activity concentrations in exhaust air
- Books
- Books • Bücher
- Articles
- Derivation of the maximum permissible activity concentrations in waste water
- Books
- Books • Bücher
- Articles
- Neue Regelungen für den Schutz von Mensch und Umwelt bei natürlichen Strahlenquellen
- A method for the calculation of annual limits on intake
- Books
- Generic Models for Use in Assessing the Impact of Discharges of Radioactive Substances to the Environment
- Articles
- Some issues with the International Basic Safety Standards – A time for reflection
- Books
- DIN-Taschenbuch 226. Qualitätsmanagement – Begriffe
- Articles
- Fundamental ICRP recommendations at the start of the 21st century: Status of the revision of ICRP Publication 60
- Books
- Predisposal management of radioactive wasste, including decommissioning
- Advances
- Advances•Patente
Articles in the same Issue
- Contents
- Calendar of Events
- Calendar of Events • Veranstaltungskalender
- Summaries
- Summaries/Kurzfassungen
- Editorial
- Technical basis for the new German Radiation Protection Ordinance
- Articles
- The revised German Radiation Protection Ordinance
- Books
- Nuclear Fuel Safety Criteria – Technical Review
- Articles
- Radiological basis for the determination of exemption levels
- Books
- Safety of nuclear power plants: Design
- Articles
- Clearance of material with negligible levels of radioactivity based on the amended German Radiation Protection Ordinance
- Amendment of the General Administrative Regulation under Paragraph 47 of the Radiological Protection Ordinance
- Derivation of the maximum permissible activity concentrations in exhaust air
- Books
- Books • Bücher
- Articles
- Derivation of the maximum permissible activity concentrations in waste water
- Books
- Books • Bücher
- Articles
- Neue Regelungen für den Schutz von Mensch und Umwelt bei natürlichen Strahlenquellen
- A method for the calculation of annual limits on intake
- Books
- Generic Models for Use in Assessing the Impact of Discharges of Radioactive Substances to the Environment
- Articles
- Some issues with the International Basic Safety Standards – A time for reflection
- Books
- DIN-Taschenbuch 226. Qualitätsmanagement – Begriffe
- Articles
- Fundamental ICRP recommendations at the start of the 21st century: Status of the revision of ICRP Publication 60
- Books
- Predisposal management of radioactive wasste, including decommissioning
- Advances
- Advances•Patente