Incidence of diabetic ketoacidosis in newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes children in western Saudi Arabia: 11-year experience
-
Adnan Al Shaikh
,
Fayssal Farahat
,
Mohammad Saeedi
,
Ayman Bakar
,
Amal Al Gahtani
,
Noura Al-Zahrani
,
Leena Jaha
,
Mohammed A. Aseeri
,
Hatim M. Al-Jifree
and
Abdullah Al Zahrani
Abstract
Background
A wide range of reports on the incidence of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) at the onset of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) in children have been published worldwide. Reports from Saudi Arabia are limited. The aim of this study was to assess the incidence, clinical pattern and severity of DKA in children with newly diagnosed T1DM and the association of autoimmune conditions with initial DKA occurrence at King Abdulaziz Medical City – Jeddah.
Methods
This retrospective chart review was conducted during the period 2005–2015. All newly diagnosed T1DM children during the study period were investigated (n = 390). Data were collected on the demographic characteristics, body mass index (BMI), DKA severity, length of hospital stay and follow-up data on the type of diabetes therapy.
Results
The incidence of DKA among newly diagnosed T1DM pediatric patients was 37.7% (n = 147). Moderate and severe DKA cases were significantly higher among female children (p = 0.04). Patients diagnosed with DKA had lower BMI (20.87 ± 5.21) than their counterparts (p = 0.03). The median length of hospital stay was higher among severe DKA compared to moderate and mild cases (5.0, 4.5 and 4.0 days, respectively).
Conclusions
The incidence of DKA among newly diagnosed T1DM is still high compared to developed countries; however, it is relatively lower than previous reports in Saudi Arabia. Immediate interventions, such as awareness campaigns, are vital to reduce the burden of this preventable health sequela among children with DM.
Acknowledgments
The authors thank and appreciate all colleagues and clinic nurses who helped in this study.
Author contributions: All the authors have accepted responsibility for the entire content of this submitted manuscript and approved submission.
Research funding: None declared.
Employment or leadership: None declared.
Honorarium: None declared.
Competing interests: The funding organization(s) played no role in the study design; in the collection, analysis, and interpretation of data; in the writing of the report; or in the decision to submit the report for publication. The authors have no conflict of interests, and the work was not supported or funded by any drug company.
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©2019 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston
Articles in the same Issue
- Frontmatter
- Mini Review
- Endocrine manifestations of PHACE syndrome
- Original Articles
- Quantitation of the arginine family amino acids in the blood of full-term infants perinatally in relation to their birth weight
- Effect of supplementation with omega-3 fatty acids on hypertriglyceridemia in pediatric patients with obesity
- Pediatric diabetes inpatient care: can medical staff knowledge be improved?
- Association of lipid profile and BMI Z-score in southern Iranian children and adolescents
- Arterial stiffness in children and adolescents with and without continuous insulin infusion
- Fasting during the holy month of Ramadan among older children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes in Kuwait
- Evaluation of the relationship between short-term glycemic control and netrin-1, a urinary proximal tubular injury marker in children with type 1 diabetes
- Incidence of diabetic ketoacidosis in newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes children in western Saudi Arabia: 11-year experience
- Novel mutations and spectrum of the disease of NR0B1 (DAX1)-related adrenal insufficiency in Indian children
- Metabolic profile, cardiovascular risk factors and health-related quality of life in children, adolescents and young adults with congenital adrenal hyperplasia
- Safety and effectiveness of growth hormone therapy in infants with Prader-Willi syndrome younger than 2 years: a prospective study
- Response to sapropterin hydrochloride (Kuvan®) in children with phenylketonuria (PKU): a clinical trial
- Prophylactic thyroidectomy in multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2A in children: a single centre experience
- Benign thyroid nodules in pediatric patients: determining best practices for repeat ultrasound evaluations
- Letter to the Editor
- Thyroid function in males with fragile X syndrome
- Case Reports
- A case of a severe reaction following the use of bisphosphonates in a patient with osteogenesis imperfecta
- Cushing disease in a patient with nonbullous congenital ichthyosiform erythroderma: lessons in avoiding glucocorticoids in ichthyosis
- Contiguous gene deletion in a Chinese family with X-linked nephrogenic diabetes insipidus: challenges in early diagnosis and implications for affected families
Articles in the same Issue
- Frontmatter
- Mini Review
- Endocrine manifestations of PHACE syndrome
- Original Articles
- Quantitation of the arginine family amino acids in the blood of full-term infants perinatally in relation to their birth weight
- Effect of supplementation with omega-3 fatty acids on hypertriglyceridemia in pediatric patients with obesity
- Pediatric diabetes inpatient care: can medical staff knowledge be improved?
- Association of lipid profile and BMI Z-score in southern Iranian children and adolescents
- Arterial stiffness in children and adolescents with and without continuous insulin infusion
- Fasting during the holy month of Ramadan among older children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes in Kuwait
- Evaluation of the relationship between short-term glycemic control and netrin-1, a urinary proximal tubular injury marker in children with type 1 diabetes
- Incidence of diabetic ketoacidosis in newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes children in western Saudi Arabia: 11-year experience
- Novel mutations and spectrum of the disease of NR0B1 (DAX1)-related adrenal insufficiency in Indian children
- Metabolic profile, cardiovascular risk factors and health-related quality of life in children, adolescents and young adults with congenital adrenal hyperplasia
- Safety and effectiveness of growth hormone therapy in infants with Prader-Willi syndrome younger than 2 years: a prospective study
- Response to sapropterin hydrochloride (Kuvan®) in children with phenylketonuria (PKU): a clinical trial
- Prophylactic thyroidectomy in multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2A in children: a single centre experience
- Benign thyroid nodules in pediatric patients: determining best practices for repeat ultrasound evaluations
- Letter to the Editor
- Thyroid function in males with fragile X syndrome
- Case Reports
- A case of a severe reaction following the use of bisphosphonates in a patient with osteogenesis imperfecta
- Cushing disease in a patient with nonbullous congenital ichthyosiform erythroderma: lessons in avoiding glucocorticoids in ichthyosis
- Contiguous gene deletion in a Chinese family with X-linked nephrogenic diabetes insipidus: challenges in early diagnosis and implications for affected families
