Design and evaluation of dispersion compensation techniques in multi-channel optical transport networks
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Zainab H. Ibrahim
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Zainab N. Jameel
Abstract
The integrity of high speed, long -term optical transmission is greatly affected by the presence of chromatic spread. The study examines the efficiency of three spread management strategies -performs, later and in a symmetrical hybrid approach conversion in the wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) system. Using the Opti system simulation software, an eight-channel WDM network was modeling in a transfer length of 100 km–500 km, which included both non-return-to-zero (NRZ) and return-to-zero (RZ) modulation format with 1 GBPS and 3 GBPs data rates. The most important performance parameters, including bit error rate (BER), Q-factor, optical signal-to-noise ratio (OSNR), and eye diagrams, were examined. The symmetrical hybrid scheme, incorporating both dispersion compensating fiber (DCF) and fiber Bragg grating (FBG) elements at transmitter and receiver ends, emerged as the most effective overall – delivering the clearest eye diagrams and lowest BER values even at 500 km. These results offer clear guidance for designing robust and efficient long-haul optical links, especially in networks where transmission quality and scalability are critical. The results suggest that pre-compensations provide better stability and signal protection in growth distance, while fiber and fibers that meet hybrid methods accept grams-all detect the most reliable performance of the measured matrix. These findings emphasize the importance of tiled spread control to maintain signal fidelity in advanced WDM systems.
Acknowledgment
Would like to express my grateful thanks to my parents for their support, kindness and patience in all and every stage of my life. They devoted their heart and soul to advance my education and encourage me to love learning and hardworking.
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Research ethics: The corresponding author declares that this manuscript is their own work, and has not been published before in any journal and/or conference, and it is never been considered for publication or submitted to any other journals.
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Informed consent: Not applicable.
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Author contributions: NJJ proposed the study of the manuscript, and ZNJ gave a valuable revision and illustration of some concept. ZHI wrote the article and suitable editing, and reading, and approved the final version.
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Use of Large Language Models, AI and Machine Learning Tools: None declared.
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Conflict of interest: The author states no conflict of interest.
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Research funding: None declared.
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Data availability: Not applicable.
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