Analysis of bit error rate and receiver sensitivity of a DC biased optical OFDM transmission link using single mode fiber with distributed Raman amplifier
-
Fahmida Hossain Tithi
and
Satya Prasad Majumder
Abstract
In this paper, an analytical method is presented to assess the performance of bit error rate (BER) of a DC biased optical orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (DCO-OFDM) SMF transmission with distributed Raman amplifier (DRA). Formulas are developed to determine the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) at the output of a DCO-OFDM receiver and the bit error rate (BER) for an OFDM demodulator’s output. By considering the Gaussian probability density function (pdf) for the OFDM demodulator output, the average BER is calculated numerically. The results are presented based on receiver sensitivity, bit error rate and optical SNR at a given BER of 10−9, with variations in system parameters such as input signal power, data rate, fiber distance, modulation index and OFDM sub-channel number. A comparison of BER performance indicates that DC biased optical OFDM with intensity modulation direct detection (DCO-DD-OFDM) offers better receiver sensitivity compared to optical OFDM without DC bias at a BER of 10−9. Our analytical results align with the published findings on optical OFDM.
Acknowledgments
This research was carried out by the first author (Dr. Fahmida Hossain Tithi) under the supervision of the second author (Dr. Satya Prasad Majumder) as part of her PhD dissertation.
-
Research ethics: Not applicable.
-
Informed consent: Not applicable.
-
Author contributions: All authors have accepted responsibility for the entire content of this manuscript and approved its submission.
-
Use of Large Language Models, AI and Machine Learning Tools: None declared.
-
Conflict of interest: No conflict of interest.
-
Research funding: None declared.
-
Data availability: Not applicable.
References
1. Deng, H, Xu, J, Liu, L. Bit error rate analysis for DFT-S-OFDM systems under impulsive noise. In: IEEE communications Letters. New York: IEEE; 2024.10.1109/LCOMM.2024.3372550Search in Google Scholar
2. Reznikov, B, Rodin, S, Popovskiy, N, Isaenko, D, Stepanenkov, G. Development to high-rate fiber optic communication line with orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing. In: International conference on electrical engineering and photonics (EExPolytech). St. Petersburg: Russian Federation: IEEE; 2022.10.1109/EExPolytech56308.2022.9950896Search in Google Scholar
3. Ishibashi, M, Shimizuhira, W, Mieda, R, Takizuka, H, Haruyama, S. Free-space optical fiber communication system for rail-guided vehicles using OFDM modulation. In: ICC 2021 - IEEE international conference on communications. Montreal, QC, Canada: IEEE; 2021.10.1109/ICC42927.2021.9500835Search in Google Scholar
4. Li, B, Xu, W, Li, Z, Zhou, Y. Adaptively biased OFDM for IM/DD-Aided optical wireless communication systems. IEEE Wireless Commun Lett 2020;9. https://doi.org/10.1109/lwc.2020.2966602.Search in Google Scholar
5. Jiang, Z, Gong, C, Xu, Z. Clipping noise and power allocation for OFDM-based optical wireless communication using Photon detection. IEEE Wireless Commun Lett 2019;8. https://doi.org/10.1109/lwc.2018.2868105.Search in Google Scholar
6. Jing, C, Tang, X, Zhang, X, Xi, L, Zhang, W. Time domain synchronous OFDM system for optical fiber communications. China Commun 2019;16. https://doi.org/10.23919/jcc.2019.09.011.Search in Google Scholar
7. Li, C, Yang, Q, Luo, M, He, Z, Li, H, Hu, R, et al.. 100.29-Gb/s direct detection optical OFDM/OQAM 32-QAM signal over 880 km SSMF transmission using a single photodiode. Opt Lett 2015;40:1185–8. https://doi.org/10.1364/ol.40.001185.Search in Google Scholar PubMed
8. Mondal, MRH, Armstrong, J. Analysis of the effect of vignetting on MIMO optical wireless systems using spatial OFDM. J Lightwave Technol 2014;32:922–9. https://doi.org/10.1109/jlt.2013.2294647.Search in Google Scholar
9. Zhou, J, Yan, Y, Cai, Z, Qiao, Y, Ji, Y. A cost-effective and efficient scheme for optical OFDM in short-range IM/DD systems. IEEE Photon Technol Lett 2014;26:1372–4. https://doi.org/10.1109/lpt.2014.2325602.Search in Google Scholar
10. Araújo, T, Dinis, R. Analytical evaluation of nonlinear effects on OFDMA signals. IEEE Trans Wireless Commun 2010;9:3472–9. https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2010.081810.091662.Search in Google Scholar
11. Armstrong, J. OFDM for optical communications. J Lightwave Technol 2009;27:189–204. https://doi.org/10.1109/jlt.2008.2010061.Search in Google Scholar
12. Armstrong, J, Lowery, AJ. Power efficient optical OFDM. Electron Lett 2006;42:370–2. https://doi.org/10.1049/el:20063636.10.1049/el:20063636Search in Google Scholar
13. Weiss, A, Yeredor, A, Shtaif, M. Iterative symbol recovery for power-efficient DC-biased optical OFDM systems. J Lightwave Technol 2016;34:2331–8. https://doi.org/10.1109/jlt.2016.2521768.Search in Google Scholar
14. Zhang, M, Zhang, Z. An optimum DC-biasing for DCO-OFDM system. IEEE Commun Lett 2014;18:1351–4. https://doi.org/10.1109/lcomm.2014.2331068.Search in Google Scholar
15. Barros, DJF, Wilson, SK, Khan, JM. Comparison of orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing and pulse-amplitude modulation in indoor optical wireless links. IEEE Trans Commun 2012;60:153–63.10.1109/TCOMM.2011.112311.100538Search in Google Scholar
16. Lei, C, Chen, H, Chen, M, Xie, S. A high spectral efficiency optical OFDM scheme based on interleaved multiplexing. Opt Express 2010;18. https://doi.org/10.1364/oe.18.026149.Search in Google Scholar PubMed
17. Bai*, R, Chen, J, Mao, T, Wang, Z. Enhanced asymmetrically clipped DC biased optical OFDM for intensity-modulated direct-detection systems. J Commun Inf Networks 2017;2. https://doi.org/10.1007/s41650-017-0035-5.Search in Google Scholar
18. Rani, A, Bhamrah, MS, Dewra, S, Singh, K. Simulative Analysis of Optical OFDM System using EDFA-Raman hybrid optical amplifier. Int J Res Eng Technol Sci 2017;vii:1–6.Search in Google Scholar
19. John, MAJ, Gokul, PG. Performance evaluation and simulation of OFDM in optical communication systems. Int J Eng Res Afr 2015;5:1–4.Search in Google Scholar
20. Saengudomlert, P. On the benefits of pre-equalization for ACO-OFDM and flip-OFDM indoor wireless optical transmissions over dispersive channels. J Lightwave Technol 2014;32:70–80. https://doi.org/10.1109/jlt.2013.2286746.Search in Google Scholar
21. Nunes, RB, Rocha, HRde O, Segatto, MEV, Silva, JAL. Experimental validation of a constant-envelope OFDM system for optical direct-detection. Opt Fiber Technol 2014;20:303–7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yofte.2014.03.003.Search in Google Scholar
22. Dissanayake, SD, Armstrong, J. Comparison of ACO-OFDM, DCO-OFDM and ADO-OFDM in IM/DD systems. J Lightwave Technol 2013;31:1063–71. https://doi.org/10.1109/jlt.2013.2241731.Search in Google Scholar
23. Moreolo, MS, Munoz, R, Junyent, G. Novel power efficient optical OFDM based on Hartley transform for intensity-modulated direct-detection systems. J Lightwave Technol 2010;28:798–805. https://doi.org/10.1109/jlt.2010.2040580.Search in Google Scholar
24. Tithi, FH, Majumder, SP. Performance analysis of a DCO-CO-OFDM optical transmission system with distributed Raman amplifier using coherent heterodyne receiver. Int J Light Electron Opt OPTIK 2020;210. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijleo.2020.164481.Search in Google Scholar
25. Besh, AH, Aly, MH, Seoud, AKA. Amplified spontaneous emission noise power in distributed Raman amplifiers. Int J Sci Eng Res 2012;3:1–3.Search in Google Scholar
26. Asadzdeh, K, Farid, AA, Hranilovic, S. Spectrally factorized optical OFDM. In: 12th Canadian workshop on information theory. Kelowna, BC, Canada: IEEE; 2011:102–5 pp.10.1109/CWIT.2011.5872134Search in Google Scholar
© 2024 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston
