Phytochemical analysis and acute toxicity study of seaweed Halimeda macroloba using Wistar albino rats

Kavya Rangaraj; Vimala Ananthy; Amrita Singam; Kartik J. Salwe; Kumarappan Manimekalai; Shanmuga Samy; Shravan Venkatraman

doi:10.1515/jcim-2024-0077

Artikel

Phytochemical analysis and acute toxicity study of seaweed Halimeda macroloba using Wistar albino rats

Kavya Rangaraj , Vimala Ananthy , Amrita Singam , Kartik J. Salwe , Kumarappan Manimekalai , Shanmuga Samy und Shravan Venkatraman

Veröffentlicht/Copyright: 5. September 2024

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Aus der Zeitschrift Journal of Complementary and Integrative Medicine Band 21 Heft 4

Abstract

Objectives

Halimeda macroloba (H. macroloba) a seaweed commonly known as green macroalgae is a potential source of bioactive compounds utilised in nutraceuticals and pharmaceuticals. However, there are no reliable scientific studies that describe harmful consequences, which attest to its safety. Thus, the current investigation focuses on a 14-day acute toxicity assessment of H. macroloba hydroalcoholic extract (HME).

Methods

HME was prepared using 70 % alcohol as solvent by the maceration method for 72 h and Soxhlet method. Phytochemical analysis was done using standard procedures, according to OECD 423 guidelines. Female Wistar albino rats fasted overnight and received a single oral dosage of 50, 300, and 2,000 mg/kg BW (body weight). Further rats were starved for 4 h and watched individually for every 30 minutes, then twice a day for 14 days. To determine the toxicity overall behaviour, BW, haematological, biochemical, histopathology, and gross morphology were examined.

Results

Pharmacologically active phytoconstituents were identified by phytochemical analysis. No significant abnormalities/fatalities from single-dose of HME at escalating doses. No BW or behavioural changes. The majority of the haematological and biochemical parameters were normal. Did not show any apparent changes. simultaneously, a few indicated slight variations that may or may not be caused by HME extract no lesions or anomalies in Gross morphology. Histopathological investigations revealed that HME had no adverse effects on organs.

Conclusions

HME administration at doses up to 2,000 mg/kg BW didn’t result in acute toxicity/impairment to the pancreas, liver or kidney. Nevertheless, the study’s limited test dose of 2,000 mg/kg, BW, didn’t result in any fatalities/ adverse effects.

Keywords: acute toxicity; green macroalgae; Halimeda macroloba ; maraine seaweed; phytochemical screening; Wistar albino rats

Corresponding author: Kavya Rangaraj, Research Scholar, Mahatma Gandhi Medical College and Research Institute, Sri Balaji Vidyapeeth, Pillaiyarkuppam, Puducherry, India, E-mail: kavya07rangaraj@gmail.com

Acknowledgments

The author is grateful to the Department of Pharmacology, MGMCRI, Puducherry, India for their support and useful discussions. I owe my heartfelt gratitude to Dr. Reka, Dr. Shravan, Dr. Navin Raja, Dr. Sabari Anandh, Dr. Vasanth and my department Postgraduate friends for their constant support and for the immense help rendered during this work.

Research ethics: This study was commenced after approval from the Institutional Animal Ethics Committee (IAEC) of MGMCRI, SBV University, Puducherry (CPCSEA regd. No.: 686/PO/Re/S/02/CPCSEA,21-08-2002. And approved proposition no.: 02/IAEC/MG/10/2022 – III.
Informed consent: Not applicable.
Author contributions: Kavya Rangaraj made substantial contributions to the conception or design of the work, data collection and analysis; Dr Vimala Ananthy drafted the work or revised it critically for important intellectual content; Dr. Amrita Singam has reviewed the manuscript; Dr Kartik J. Salwe drafted the work or revised it and critically approved the version to be published; Dr Manimekalai Kumarappan. reviewed and edited; Dr. Shanmuga Samy has done the histopathological analysis; Dr. Shravan Venkatraman has done statistical analysis and reviewed the manuscript.
Competing interests: The authors state no conflict of interest.
Research funding: None declared.
Data availability: The raw data can be obtained on request from the corresponding author.

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Received: 2024-03-15

Accepted: 2024-08-14

Published Online: 2024-09-05

Published in Print: 2024-12-17

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Artikel in diesem Heft

https://doi.org/10.1515/jcim-2024-0077

Schlagwörter für diesen Artikel

acute toxicity; green macroalgae; Halimeda macroloba; maraine seaweed; phytochemical screening; Wistar albino rats