Abstract
Phytomedicines are increasingly being established in modern medical science. The shrub Ipomoea carnea has been used traditionally for thousands of years. However, there are few scientific studies on this medicinal plant, and most of the information are scattered. In this review, we have summarized the existing knowledge and recent progress on the medicinal importance of I. carnea. Different extracts of I. carnea plant possess anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-oxidant, anti-cancer, anti-convulsant, immunomodulatory, anti-diabetic, hepatoprotective, anti-inflammatory, anxiolytic, sedative and wound healing activities. However, some toxicological effects have been also reported. Some of the major phytochemicals associated with the bioactivity of I. carnea have been characterized, which have been discussed in this study too. This review article might be beneficial for phytotherapy research, as I. carnea can be a good source for drug development.
Acknowledgments
This work was supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (81172049 and 30371493) and the Science and Technology Innovation Team of Colleges and Universities in Sichuan Province (13TD0032).
Conflict of interest statement
Authors’ conflict of interest disclosure: The authors stated that there are no conflicts of interest regarding the publication of this article. Research support played no role in the study design; in the collection, analysis and interpretation of data; in the writing of the report or in the decision to submit the report for publication.
Research funding: None declared.
Employment or leadership: None declared.
Honorarium: None declared.
References
1. WinkM. Evolution of secondary metabolites from an ecological and molecular phylogenetic perspective. Phytochemistry2003;64:3–19.10.1016/S0031-9422(03)00300-5Search in Google Scholar
2. GroveMD, SpencerGF, RohwedderWK, MandavaN, WorleyJF, WarthenJD, et al. Brassinolide, a plant growth-promoting steroid isolated from Brassica napus pollen. Nature1979;281:216–17.10.1038/281216a0Search in Google Scholar
3. SumnerJ. The natural history of medicinal plants. Portland: Timber Press, 2000:15–7.Search in Google Scholar
4. JiHF, LiXL, ZhangHY. Natural products and drug discovery. Can thousands of years of ancient medical knowledge lead us to new and powerful drug combinations in the fight against cancer and dementia?EMBO Rep2009;10:194–200.10.1038/embor.2009.12Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central
5. NewmanDJ. Review natural products as leads to potential drugs: an old process or the new hope for drug discovery?J Med Chem2008;51:2589–99.10.1021/jm0704090Search in Google Scholar PubMed
6. DevS. Impact of natural products in modern drug development. Indian J Exp Biol2010;48:191–8.Search in Google Scholar
7. WHO fact sheet. Traditional medicine. Available at: http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/2003/fs134/en/. Accessed: 1 Jun 2013.Search in Google Scholar
8. VerpoorteR. Pharmacognosy in the new millennium: lead finding and biotechnology. J Pharm Pharmacol2000;52:253–62.10.1211/0022357001773931Search in Google Scholar PubMed
9. ShaltoutKH, Al-SodanyYM, EidEM. The biology of Egyptian woody perennials-2. Ipomoea carnea jacq. Ass Univ Bull Environ Res2006;9:75–91.10.21608/auber.2006.150254Search in Google Scholar
10. AhamedZU, HassanMA, BegumZN, KhondkerM, KabirSM, AhamedM, et al. Encyclopedia of flora and fauna of Bangladesh, Angiosperm: Dicotyledons (Balsaminaceae-Euphorbiaceae). Dhaka: Asiatic Civil Military Press, 2008:261–2.Search in Google Scholar
11. USDA Plants Database. Plants profile for Ipomoea carnea. Available at: http://plants.usda.gov/java/profile?symbol=ipca5. Accessed: 3 Jun 2013.Search in Google Scholar
12. AustinDF. Ipomoea carnea jacq. vs. Ipomoea fistulosa Mart. ex Choisy. TAXON1977;26:235–8.10.2307/1220558Search in Google Scholar
13. AustinDF. Convolvulaceae. In: HarlingG, SparreB, editors. Flora of Ecuador. Stockholm: Swedish Research Council’s Publishing House, 1982:44–5.Search in Google Scholar
14. FreyR. Ipomoea carnea ssp. fistulosa (Martius ex Choisy)Austin: taxonomy, biology and ecology reviewed and inquired. Trop Ecol1995;36:21–48.Search in Google Scholar
15. ShuQN. Flora of Cina. Available at: http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&taxon_id=210000736. Accessed: 19 May 2013.Search in Google Scholar
16. ChowdhuryAK, AliMS, KhanMO. Anti-microbialactivity of Ipomoea fistulosa extractives. Fitoterapia1997;68:379–80.Search in Google Scholar
17. AdsulV, KhatiworaE, KulkarniM, TambeA, PawarP,DeshpandeN-. GCMS study of fatty acids, esters, alcohols from the leaves of Ipomoea carnea. Int J Pharm Tech Res2009;1:1224–6.Search in Google Scholar
18. WanuleDD, BalkhandeJV. Effect of ethanolic extract of Ipomoea carnea leaves on guppy, Poecilia reticulata (Peters). Biosci Discov2012;3:240–2.Search in Google Scholar
19. JoshiB, TyagiV. Traditional knowledge and utilization of medicinal plants of himalayan region. Nat Sci2011;9:1–6.Search in Google Scholar
20. MeiraM, da SilvaEP, DavidJM, DavidJP. Review of the genus ipomoea: traditional uses, chemistry and biological activities. Rev Bras Farmacogn2012;22:682–713.10.1590/S0102-695X2012005000025Search in Google Scholar
21. AdsulVB, KhatiworaE, ToraneR, DeshpandeNR.Anti-microbial activities of Ipomoea carnea leaves. J Nat Prod Plant Resour2012;2:597–600.Search in Google Scholar
22. KhatiworaE, AdsulVB, KulkarniM, DeshpandeNR, KashalkarRV. Anti-bacterial activity of dibutyl phthalate: a secondary metabolite isolated from Ipomoea carnea stem. J Pharm Res2012;5:150–2.Search in Google Scholar
23. Corona-CastañedaB, Pereda-MirandaR. Morning glory resin glycosides as modulators of anti-biotic activity in multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacteria. Planta Med2012;78:128–31.10.1055/s-0031-1280292Search in Google Scholar PubMed
24. MogleUP. Efficacy of leaf extracts against the post harvest fungal pathogens of cowpea. Biosci Discov2013;4:39–42.Search in Google Scholar
25. NidiryES, GaneshanG, LokeshaAN. Anti-fungal activity and isomerization of octadecyl p-coumarates from Ipomoea carnea subsp. fistulosa. Nat Prod Commun2011;6:1889–92.10.1177/1934578X1100601224Search in Google Scholar
26. KhatiworaE, AdsulVB, KulkarniMM, DeshpandeNR, KashalkarRV. Spectroscopic determination of total phenol and flavonoid contents of Ipomoea carnea. Int J ChemTech Res2010;2:1698–701.Search in Google Scholar
27. AdsulVB, KhatiworalE, DeshpandeNR. Evaluation of anti-oxidant activity of Ipomoea carnea leaves. J Nat Prod Plant Resour2012;2:584–8.Search in Google Scholar
28. SharmaN, GuptaPC, SinghA, RaoCV. Brine shrimp bioassay of Pentapetes phoenicea linn. and Ipomoea carnea jacq. leaves. Der Pharmacia Lettre2013;5:162–7.Search in Google Scholar
29. LiZ, XuX, HuangY, DingL, WangZ, YuG, et al. Swainsonine activates mitochondria-mediated apoptotic pathway in human lung cancer A549 cells and retards the growth of lung cancer xenografts. Int J Biol Sci2012;8:394–405.10.7150/ijbs.3882Search in Google Scholar
30. RoutSK, KarDM. Sedative, anxiolytic and anti-convulsant effects of different extracts from the leaves of Ipomoea carnea in experimental animals. Int J Drug Dev Res2013;5:232–43.Search in Google Scholar
31. HuezaIM, FonsecaES, PaulinoCA, HaraguchiM, GórniakSL. Evaluation of immunomodulatory activity of Ipomoea carnea on peritoneal cells of rats. J Ethnopharmacol2003;87:181–6.10.1016/S0378-8741(03)00138-7Search in Google Scholar
32. HuezaIM, GórniakSL. The immunomodulatory effects of Ipomoea carnea in rats vary depending on life stage. Hum Exp Toxicol2011;30:1690–700.10.1177/0960327110399477Search in Google Scholar
33. KhalidMS, SinghRK, KumarSJ, SureshDK, SrinivasRK, RaddyNI. Anti-diabetic activity of aqueous extract of Ipomoea carnea leaves in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. Int J Pharmacol Bio Sci2011;5:45–54.Search in Google Scholar
34. AsanoN, KatoA, MatsuiK, WatsonAA, NashRJ, MolyneuxRJ, et al. The effects of calystegines isolated from edible fruits and vegetables on mammalian liver glycosidases. Glycobiology1997;7:1085–8.10.1093/glycob/7.8.1085Search in Google Scholar
35. GuptaRK, ChaudharyS, VaishaliSR. Anti-hepatotoxic influence of aqueous extract of Ipomoea carnea against carbon tetrachloride induced acute liver toxicity in experimental rodents. Asian J Pharm Clin Res2012;5:262–5.Search in Google Scholar
36. RuchiJ, NileshJ, SurendarJ. Evaluation of anti-inflammatory activity of Ipomoea fistulosa linn. Asian J Pharm Clin Res2009;2:64–7.Search in Google Scholar
37. KhalidMS, SinghRK, ReddyIV, KumarSJ, KumarBS, KumarGN, et al. Anti-inflammatory activity of aqueous extract of Ipomoea carnea jacq. Pharmacology (Online)2011;1:326–31.Search in Google Scholar
38. BidkarJS, BhujbalMD, GhanwatDD, DamaGY. Anxiolytic activity of aqueous and methanolic extracts of Ipomoea carnea leaves. Int J Univ Pharm Bio Sci2012;1:1–11.Search in Google Scholar
39. FabianaCV, RoseliS, AlexandreGP. Anxiolytic-like effect of Sonchus oleraceus L. in mice. J Ethnopharmacol2009;124:325–7.10.1016/j.jep.2009.04.029Search in Google Scholar
40. RodriguezEL, BroitmanST, FoscoloMR. Effect of chronic ingestion of chlorimipramine and desipramine on the hole board response to acute stresses in male rats. Pharmacol Biochem Behav1987;26:207–10.10.1016/0091-3057(87)90106-7Search in Google Scholar
41. TakedaH, TsujiM, MatsumiyaT. Changes in head dipping behavior in the hole board test reflects the anxiogenic and/or anxiolytic state in mice. Eur J Pharmacol1998;350:21–9.10.1016/S0014-2999(98)00223-4Search in Google Scholar
42. de BaloghKK, DimandeAP, van der LugtJJ, MolyneuxRJ, NaudéTW, WelmanWG. A lysosomal storage disease induced by Ipomoea carnea in goats in Mozambique. J Vet Diagn Invest1999;11:266–73.10.1177/104063879901100310Search in Google Scholar
43. HaraguchiM, GorniakSL, IkedaK, MinamiY, KatoA, WatsonAA, et al. Alkaloidal components in the poisonous plants, Ipomoea carnea (Convolvulaceae). J Agric Food Chem2003;51:4995–5000.10.1021/jf0341722Search in Google Scholar
44. AmbigaS, NarayananR, GowriD, SukumarD, MadhavanS. Evaluation of wound healing activity of flavonoids from Ipomoea carnea jacq. Anc Sci Life2007;26:45–51.Search in Google Scholar
45. StadelmannWK, DigenisAG, TobinGR. Physiology and healing dynamics of chronic cutaneous wounds. Am J Surg1998;176:26S–38S.10.1016/S0002-9610(98)00183-4Search in Google Scholar
46. RoderoMP, KhosrotehraniK. Skin wound healing modulation by macrophages. Int J Clin Exp Pathol2010;3:643–53.Search in Google Scholar
47. MidwoodKS, WilliamsLV, SchwarzbauerJE. Tissue repair and the dynamics of the extracellular matrix. Int J Biochem Cell Biol2004;36:1031–7.10.1016/j.biocel.2003.12.003Search in Google Scholar
48. IdrisOF, TartourG, AdamSE, ObeidHM. Toxicity to goats of Ipomoea carnea. Trop Anim Health Prod1973;5:119–23.10.1007/BF02236148Search in Google Scholar
49. DamirHA, AdamSE, TartourG. Effects of Ipomoea carnea on goats and sheep. Vet Hum Toxicol1987;29:316–19.Search in Google Scholar
50. AmnaAA, AbdelgadirEH, AdamSE. Toxic effect of Ipomoea carnea leaves on wistar rats. J Pharmacol Toxicol2011;6:18–23.10.3923/jpt.2011.18.23Search in Google Scholar
51. AsanoN, YokoyamaK, SakuraiM, IkedaK, KizuH, KatoA, et al. Dihydroxynortropane alkaloids from calystegine producing plants. Phytochemistry2001;57:721–6.10.1016/S0031-9422(01)00131-5Search in Google Scholar
52. HuezaIM, GuerraJL, HaraguchiM, NaokiA, GórniakSL. The role of alkaloids in Ipomoea carnea toxicosis: a study in rats. Exp Toxicol Pathol2005;57:53–8.10.1016/j.etp.2005.02.004Search in Google Scholar
53. WinchesterB, VellodiA, YoungE. The molecular basis of lysosomal storage diseases and their treatment. Biochem Soc Trans2000;28:150–4.10.1042/bst0280150Search in Google Scholar
54. Van KampenKR, JamesLF. Pathology of locoweed poisoning in sheep. Pathol Vet1969;6:413–23.10.1177/030098586900600505Search in Google Scholar
55. HuezaIM, DagliML, GórniakSL, PaulinoCA. Toxic effects of prenatal Ipomoea carnea administration to rats. Vet Hum Toxicol2003;45:298–302.Search in Google Scholar
56. SchwarzA, GórniakSL, BernardiMM, DagliML, SpinosaHS. Effects of Ipomoea carnea aqueous fraction intake by dams during pregnancy on the physical and neurobehavioral development of rat offspring. Neurotoxicol Teratol2003;25:615–26.10.1016/S0892-0362(03)00078-3Search in Google Scholar
57. SchwarzA, HosomiRZ, FlórioJC, BernardiMM, GórniakSL, SpinosaHS. Rats offspring exposed to Ipomoea carnea and handling during gestation: neurochemical evaluation. Braz Arch Biol Technol2007;50:425–33.10.1590/S1516-89132007000300009Search in Google Scholar
58. LeglerG. Die bestandteile des giftigen glykosidharzes aus Ipomoea fistulosa Mart. ex Choisy. Phytochemistry1965;4:29–41.10.1016/S0031-9422(00)86143-9Search in Google Scholar
59. TirkeyK, YadavaRP, MandalTK, BanerjeeNL. The pharmacology of Ipomoea carnea. Indian Vet J1988;65:206–10.Search in Google Scholar
60. AroraS, KumarD, Shiba. Phytochemical, anti-microbialand anti-oxidant activities of methanol extract of leaves and flowers of Ipomoea cairica. Int J Pharm Pharm Sci2013;1:198–202.Search in Google Scholar
61. PatelAK, SinghVK, JagannadhamMV. Carnein, a serine protease from noxious plant weed Ipomoea carnea (Morning Glory). J Agric Food Chem2007;55:5809–18.10.1021/jf063700hSearch in Google Scholar PubMed
©2014 by Walter de Gruyter Berlin / Boston
Articles in the same Issue
- Frontmatter
- Review
- A review on Ipomoea carnea: pharmacology, toxicology and phytochemistry
- Preclinical Studies
- Biochemical and histopathological study of the anti-hyperglycemic and anti-hyperlipidemic effects of cornelian cherry (Cornus mas L.) in alloxan-induced diabetic rats
- Pharmacognostical standardization and antidiabetic activity of Syzygium cumini (Linn.) barks (Myrtaceae) on streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats
- Preventive effects of the methanol soluble fraction of Millettia macrophylla Benth (Fabaceae) on an osteoporosis-like model of ovariectomized Wistar rats
- Detoxification of Echis ocellatus venom-induced toxicity by Annona senegalensis Pers
- Subacute antidiabetic and in vivo antioxidant effects of methanolic extract of Bridelia micrantha (Hochst Baill) leaf on alloxan-induced hyperglycaemic rats
- Effect of Persea americana (avocado) fruit extract on the level of expression of adiponectin and PPAR-γ in rats subjected to experimental hyperlipidemia and obesity
- In vitro protective effects of Scutellaria litwinowii root extract against H2O2-induced DNA damage and cytotoxicity
- Clinical Studies
- The antiplaque effect of herbal mouthwash in comparison to chlorhexidine in human gingival disease: a randomized placebo controlled clinical trial
- Use of complementary and alternative medical therapies (CAM) by patients attending a regional comprehensive cancer care centre
- Education Forum
- Implementing blended learning into the academic programs of Rajiv Gandhi University of Health Sciences, Karnataka
Articles in the same Issue
- Frontmatter
- Review
- A review on Ipomoea carnea: pharmacology, toxicology and phytochemistry
- Preclinical Studies
- Biochemical and histopathological study of the anti-hyperglycemic and anti-hyperlipidemic effects of cornelian cherry (Cornus mas L.) in alloxan-induced diabetic rats
- Pharmacognostical standardization and antidiabetic activity of Syzygium cumini (Linn.) barks (Myrtaceae) on streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats
- Preventive effects of the methanol soluble fraction of Millettia macrophylla Benth (Fabaceae) on an osteoporosis-like model of ovariectomized Wistar rats
- Detoxification of Echis ocellatus venom-induced toxicity by Annona senegalensis Pers
- Subacute antidiabetic and in vivo antioxidant effects of methanolic extract of Bridelia micrantha (Hochst Baill) leaf on alloxan-induced hyperglycaemic rats
- Effect of Persea americana (avocado) fruit extract on the level of expression of adiponectin and PPAR-γ in rats subjected to experimental hyperlipidemia and obesity
- In vitro protective effects of Scutellaria litwinowii root extract against H2O2-induced DNA damage and cytotoxicity
- Clinical Studies
- The antiplaque effect of herbal mouthwash in comparison to chlorhexidine in human gingival disease: a randomized placebo controlled clinical trial
- Use of complementary and alternative medical therapies (CAM) by patients attending a regional comprehensive cancer care centre
- Education Forum
- Implementing blended learning into the academic programs of Rajiv Gandhi University of Health Sciences, Karnataka