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Incentive Alignment and Effort Provision in Multitask Contracts: A Basic Test of the Theory

  • José G. Nuño-Ledesma EMAIL logo
Published/Copyright: June 10, 2025

Abstract

I explore the relationship between incentive alignment and effort provision in the canonical multi-task principal-agent contract model. I rely on an experiment where human subjects act as agents making effort decisions based on contract structures providing both theoretically-correct and distorted incentives. Results suggest that distorted contracts, offering weaker incentives than theory recommends, may be less detrimental than expected when performance and quality are well-aligned. The experiment also confirms the theoretical prediction that strong incentives, when misalignment is severe, can increase effort but reduce the principal’s profit. The findings contribute to understanding the prevalence of contracts with weaker-than-optimal incentives, suggesting that such incentive schemes may be more prevalent in the real world when the cost of providing less-than-ideal incentives is relatively low.

JEL Classification: C91; D82; D86; J33

Corresponding author: José G. Nuño-Ledesma, Assistant Professor, Department of Food, Agricultural & Resource Economics, University of Guelph, J.D. MacLachlan Building, 50 Stone Road East, Guelph, N1G 2W1, ON, Canada, E-mail:
I benefited from input by the journal's editor Azzeddine Azzam, one anonymous reviewer, Steven Y. Wu, Timothy Cason, and to the 2020 Agricultural & Applied Economics Association Virutal Meeting. I am grateful to Tim Cason for providing access to Purdue's Vernon Smith Experimental Economics Laboratory. I gratefully acknowledge financial support from Purdue University’s Jim and Neta Hicks Small Grants Program. A previous version of this paper circulated under the title “Incentive Alignment and Reward Strength in Pay-for-Performance Contracts.” The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.

Funding source: Jim and Neta Hicks Small Grants Program (Purdue University)

Appendix

See Figures 111.

Figure 1: 
Instructions mild misalignment.
Figure 1:

Instructions mild misalignment.

Figure 2: 
Instructions mild misalignment (continued).
Figure 2:

Instructions mild misalignment (continued).

Figure 3: 
Instructions mild misalignment (continued).
Figure 3:

Instructions mild misalignment (continued).

Figure 4: 
Instructions severe misalignment.
Figure 4:

Instructions severe misalignment.

Figure 5: 
Instructions severe misalignment (continued).
Figure 5:

Instructions severe misalignment (continued).

Figure 6: 
Instructions severe misalignment (continued).
Figure 6:

Instructions severe misalignment (continued).

Figure 7: 
Payment tracking sheet used by participants.
Figure 7:

Payment tracking sheet used by participants.

Figure 8: 
Payoff surface: treatment ME.
Figure 8:

Payoff surface: treatment ME.

Figure 9: 
Payoff surface: treatment MD.
Figure 9:

Payoff surface: treatment MD.

Figure 10: 
Payoff surface: treatment SE.
Figure 10:

Payoff surface: treatment SE.

Figure 11: 
Payoff surface: treatment SD.
Figure 11:

Payoff surface: treatment SD.

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Received: 2024-08-12
Accepted: 2025-02-03
Published Online: 2025-06-10

© 2025 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston

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