Performance assessment, through numerical simulation and experimental evaluation, of a thin-film ultraviolet reactor for the processing of fruit juices
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Federico Solari
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Natalya Lysova
Abstract
The paper presents a numerical approach to investigate the performance of a thin-film ultraviolet reactor in treating three different fruit juices (apple, orange and pineapple) with UV-C radiation, under six flow rate conditions. Minimum, average and maximum doses were calculated for each configuration, by integrating, over time the irradiance over one thousand different streamlines. The presented approach allows for calculating the dose distribution achieved, thus assessing both the fulfilment of regulatory requirements and the uniformity of the treatment. Experimental tests were finally performed on both apple and orange juice, with a flow rate of 80 L/h. For apple juice, more than 3 Log CFU/mL reductions were obtained on Escherichia coli ATCC 11,229, while, for orange juice, a negligible reduction (0.05 Log CFU/mL) was achieved. These results, according to biodosimetry data from other studies, correspond to UV-C dose distributions that confirm those calculated.
Acknowledgments
The authors would like to express their gratitude to Paolo Manghi, Fabrizio Giovati, Francesco Stocchi and Pietro Pasini of the company Parmalat S.p.a. (Lactalis Group) for their crucial support in conducting the experimental tests.
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Research ethics: Not applicable.
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Author contributions: Conceptualization: Federico Solari, Natalya Lysova; Methodology: Federico Solari, Natalya Lysova, Benedetta Bottari, Francesco Martelli; Software: Federico Solari, Natalya Lysova; Validation: Federico Solari, Natalya Lysova, Benedetta Bottari, Francesco Martelli; Formal analysis and investigation: Federico Solari, Natalya Lysova; Writing - original draft preparation: Federico Solari, Natalya Lysova; Writing - review and editing: Federico Solari, Natalya Lysova, Benedetta Bottari, Francesco Martelli; Visualization: Federico Solari, Natalya Lysova; Funding ac-quisition: not applicable; Resources: Luca Federico Solari, Natalya Lysova, Benedetta Bottari, Francesco Martelli, Roberto Montanari, Andrea Volpi; Supervision: Federico Solari, Benedetta Bottari, Roberto Montanari.
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Competing interests: The authors state no conflict of interest.
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Research funding: None declared.
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Data availability: Not applicable.
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