Optimum Location of Voltage Regulators in the Radial Distribution Systems
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Surender Reddy Salkuti
Abstract
In this paper, a new heuristic algorithm is proposed for the optimum voltage control, which is applicable for the large Radial Distribution Systems (RDSs). In the RDSs, voltage levels at different buses can be maintained within the specified limits using the conductor grading or placing the Voltage Regulators (VRs) and capacitors at suitable locations. The proposed Back Tracking Algorithm (BTA) proposes the optimal location, number and tap positions of VRs to maintain the voltage profile within the desired limits and decreases losses in the system, which in turn maximizes the net savings in the operation of distribution system. In addition to BTA, an approach using the fuzzy logic called Fuzzy Expert System (FES) is also proposed, and the results of FES are compared with the results of BTA. This heuristic algorithm proposes the optimal location and tap setting of VRs, which contributes a smooth voltage profile along the network. It also used to access the minimum number of initially considered VRs, by moving them in such way as to control the network voltage at minimum possible cost. It is concluded that the FES also gives the optimal placement and the number along with the tap settings of VRs. The proposed FES contributes good voltage regulation, and decreases the power loss which in turn increases the net savings when compared to the BTA. The effectiveness of the proposed heuristic approaches are examined on practical 47 bus and 69 bus Radial Distribution Systems (RDSs).
Nomenclature
Rate of annual depreciation charges for Voltage Regulator (VR).
Cost of installation for VR.
Voltage magnitudes at bus
Voltage angles at bus
Current flowing through the branch.
Resistance and reactance of the line.
Loss Load Factor.
Number of buses in the system.
Power loss reduction due to the installation of Voltage Regulator (VR).
Power loss in the distribution system.
Cost of energy (Rs/kWh).
Load Factor.
Total number of Voltage Regulators (VRs).
Cost of each Voltage Regulator (VR).
Tap position of VR.
Voltage at bus “j” before a VR installation at this bus (in p.u.).
Voltage at bus “j” after a VR installation at this bus (in p.u.).
Rated voltage (in p.u.).
Membership function of Power Loss Index.
Membership function of voltage level.
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©2016 by De Gruyter
Articles in the same Issue
- Frontmatter
- Review
- Detection of Frauds and Other Non-technical Losses in Power Utilities using Smart Meters: A Review
- Research Articles
- Improving the Dynamic Response during Field Weakening Control of IPMSM Drive System using Adaptive Hysteresis Current Control Technique
- Optimal Energy Management for a Smart Grid using Resource-Aware Utility Maximization
- Decentralized Charging of Plug-In Electric Vehicles Using Lagrange Relaxation Method at the Residential Transformer Level
- Power Quality Improvement in Induction Furnace by Harmonic Reduction Using Dynamic Voltage Restorer
- Feasibility of Stochastic Voltage/VAr Optimization Considering Renewable Energy Resources for Smart Grid
- Design and Analysis of Grid Connected Photovoltaic Fed Unified Power Quality Conditioner
- Sympathetic Trippings Blocking in Over Current Relay Coordination Algorithm during Steady State & Transient Network Topologies
- Application of Multi-Objective Human Learning Optimization Method to Solve AC/DC Multi-Objective Optimal Power Flow Problem
- Intelligent Energy Management System for PV-Battery-based Microgrids in Future DC Homes
- Optimum Location of Voltage Regulators in the Radial Distribution Systems
- Design of Passive Power Filter for Hybrid Series Active Power Filter using Estimation, Detection and Classification Method
Articles in the same Issue
- Frontmatter
- Review
- Detection of Frauds and Other Non-technical Losses in Power Utilities using Smart Meters: A Review
- Research Articles
- Improving the Dynamic Response during Field Weakening Control of IPMSM Drive System using Adaptive Hysteresis Current Control Technique
- Optimal Energy Management for a Smart Grid using Resource-Aware Utility Maximization
- Decentralized Charging of Plug-In Electric Vehicles Using Lagrange Relaxation Method at the Residential Transformer Level
- Power Quality Improvement in Induction Furnace by Harmonic Reduction Using Dynamic Voltage Restorer
- Feasibility of Stochastic Voltage/VAr Optimization Considering Renewable Energy Resources for Smart Grid
- Design and Analysis of Grid Connected Photovoltaic Fed Unified Power Quality Conditioner
- Sympathetic Trippings Blocking in Over Current Relay Coordination Algorithm during Steady State & Transient Network Topologies
- Application of Multi-Objective Human Learning Optimization Method to Solve AC/DC Multi-Objective Optimal Power Flow Problem
- Intelligent Energy Management System for PV-Battery-based Microgrids in Future DC Homes
- Optimum Location of Voltage Regulators in the Radial Distribution Systems
- Design of Passive Power Filter for Hybrid Series Active Power Filter using Estimation, Detection and Classification Method
