Home Experimental characterization, TDDFT-DFT, and spin effect on [PEG/H2O–ZrO2/TiO2]h hybrid nanofluid 3D flow as potential ceramic industry application
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Experimental characterization, TDDFT-DFT, and spin effect on [PEG/H2O–ZrO2/TiO2]h hybrid nanofluid 3D flow as potential ceramic industry application

  • Mohamed R. Eid EMAIL logo , Mohammed A. Ali and Ahmed F. Al-Hossainy
Published/Copyright: July 19, 2021

Abstract

Doped zirconium oxide nanoparticles [ZrO2]NPs in the [PEG–H2O] and [TiO2]NPs in the [PEG–H2O/ZrO2]C matrices to fabricated the [PEG–H2O/ZrO2+TiO2]h hybrid nanofluid films by a sol–gel method, the average crystallite size is 100 ± 5 nm. The nanofluid and hybrid nanofluid thin films are studied using combined experimental and DFT theoretical method (DMOl3), including FTIR spectrum and optical properties. Mathematically, Higher rate of reactions of rotating [PEG/H2O–ZrO2]m, and [PEG–H2O/ZrO2+TiO2]h nanofluids on an extending sheet is considered with thermal radiation and heat source. The numerical Runge–Kutta–Fehlberg of 4–5th order (RKF45) method is used to solve the issue. The results specifically determine that Δ E g Opt values decrease from 2.27 eV for [PEG–H2O/ZrO2]m mono nanofluid to 1.596 eV for [PEG–H2O/ZrO2+TiO2]h hybrid nanofluid using the DFT computations HOMO and LUMO calculation. This result concluded that the [PEG–H2O/ZrO2]m transformed from semiconductor to [PEG–H2O/ZrO2+TiO2]h as a superconductor hybrid nanofluid by addition [TiO2]NPs. The hybrid nanoparticles have a higher influence than nanoparticles on the velocity distributions.


Corresponding author: Mohamed R. Eid, Mathematics Department, Faculty of Science, New Valley University, Al-Wadi Al-Gadid, Al-Kharga 72511, Egypt; and Mathematics Department, Faculty of Science, Northern Border University, Arar, 1321, Saudi Arabia, E-mail:

  1. Author contributions: All the authors have accepted responsibility for the entire content of this submitted manuscript and approved submission.

  2. Research funding: None declared.

  3. Conflict of interest statement: The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest.

  4. Data availability: The data that support the findings of this study are available within the article.

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Received: 2021-04-22
Accepted: 2021-07-05
Published Online: 2021-07-19

© 2021 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston

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