Kinetics for an Optimized Biosynthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using Alfalfa Extracts
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José J. Ibarra-Sánchez
Abstract
In recent years, great efforts have been directed to provide eco-friendly methods for nanoparticles (NPs) synthesis. In this endeavor, it is desired that polydispersity be as narrow as possible and that the chemical and physical properties can be controlled. In this work, silver nanoparticles (SNPs) were obtained by means of (a) a green approach (biosynthesis) using alfalfa extracts; and (b) a thermal decomposition method in organic media. As per biosynthesis, pH, initial concentration of precursor (Ag+) and extraction solvent of plant metabolites were varied in order to identify the conditions where SNP polydispersity presented a best value. When these conditions were determined, the reaction kinetics was evaluated. The rate constant and order of reaction were 7.33×10−6 L3.6/mol3.6 s, and 4.6, respectively. Also, in the biosynthesis, it was found that the size and the degree of polydispersity depend on initial concentration of precursor and the type of extractant. Thermal decomposition was performed using silver oleate as precursor in order to compare characteristics of the NPs obtained by both biosynthesis and the chemical method. According to our results, SNPs obtained through thermal decomposition showed a lower polydispersity and higher degree of crystallinity than those obtained using biosynthesis. However, the green method eliminates the use of toxic compounds, which is extremely important if these particles are intended for biomedical purposes. In addition, this is a less expensive method as compared to other chemical methods. To our knowledge, this is one of the few reports analyzing the reaction kinetics, which is extremely important if scale-up is intended.
Funding statement: Funding: The authors acknowledge SEP-PROMEP (IDCA 9219/UGTO-CA-132) and Universidad de Guanajuato (DAIP 446/2014, DAIP 403/2014), for financial support.
Acknowledgments
Jesus Ibarra wishes to thank CONACyT-Mexico for a doctoral scholarship (293777). We are also grateful to the Pharmacy Department, the Instrumental Analysis Laboratory at Universidad de Guanajuato Campus Guanajuato, Centro de Investigaciones en Optica for providing support on nanoparticle analysis, Dr. Mauricio Carbajal Tinoco of CINVESTAV for the XRD analysis and Dr. Edilso Reguera Ruiz of CICATA, IPN for TGA analysis.
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©2015 by De Gruyter
Articles in the same Issue
- Frontmatter
- Reviews
- Fischer–Tropsch Synthesis in Slurry Bubble Column Reactors: Experimental Investigations and Modeling – A Review
- Computational Fluid Dynamics-Based Hydrodynamics Studies in Packed Bed Columns: Current Status and Future Directions
- Research Articles
- Optimized Modular Design and Experiment for Staggered Herringbone Chaotic Micromixer
- Effects of the Types and Addition Amounts of Sludge on the True Rheological Properties of Petroleum Coke Slurry Flowing in Pipelines
- Stabilization of Fast Pyrolysis Oil Derived from Wood through Esterification
- CO2 Sorption by Hydrotalcite-Like Compounds in Dry and Wet Conditions
- Experimental Tests with Rice Straw on a Conical Square-Based Spouted Bed Reactor
- Kinetics for an Optimized Biosynthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using Alfalfa Extracts
- Assessing the Feasibility of Optical Probe in Phase Holdup Measurements and Flow Regime Identification
- Modeling Study of Crude Oil Enhanced Removal in a Two-Liquid Phase Partitioning Bioreactor
- Application of Deep Eutectic Solvent (DES) as a Reaction Media for the Esterification of Acrylic Acid with n-Butanol
- Transesterification of Degummed Jatropha curcas Oil Using Tri-potassium Phosphate as Base Catalyst
- Process Intensification for Production of Ethyl Lactate from Fermentation-Derived Magnesium Lactate: A Preliminary Design
- A Study on the Production of Isophthalic Acid from M-xylene under the Catalysis of Cobalt and H3PW12O40/Carbon Modified by HNO3 Solution
- Statistical Medium Optimization for the Increased Production of Recombinant Phytase in the Fed-Batch Cultivation of Pichia pastoris
- Catalytic Degradation of Pyrrole in Aqueous Solution by Cu/SBA-15
Articles in the same Issue
- Frontmatter
- Reviews
- Fischer–Tropsch Synthesis in Slurry Bubble Column Reactors: Experimental Investigations and Modeling – A Review
- Computational Fluid Dynamics-Based Hydrodynamics Studies in Packed Bed Columns: Current Status and Future Directions
- Research Articles
- Optimized Modular Design and Experiment for Staggered Herringbone Chaotic Micromixer
- Effects of the Types and Addition Amounts of Sludge on the True Rheological Properties of Petroleum Coke Slurry Flowing in Pipelines
- Stabilization of Fast Pyrolysis Oil Derived from Wood through Esterification
- CO2 Sorption by Hydrotalcite-Like Compounds in Dry and Wet Conditions
- Experimental Tests with Rice Straw on a Conical Square-Based Spouted Bed Reactor
- Kinetics for an Optimized Biosynthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using Alfalfa Extracts
- Assessing the Feasibility of Optical Probe in Phase Holdup Measurements and Flow Regime Identification
- Modeling Study of Crude Oil Enhanced Removal in a Two-Liquid Phase Partitioning Bioreactor
- Application of Deep Eutectic Solvent (DES) as a Reaction Media for the Esterification of Acrylic Acid with n-Butanol
- Transesterification of Degummed Jatropha curcas Oil Using Tri-potassium Phosphate as Base Catalyst
- Process Intensification for Production of Ethyl Lactate from Fermentation-Derived Magnesium Lactate: A Preliminary Design
- A Study on the Production of Isophthalic Acid from M-xylene under the Catalysis of Cobalt and H3PW12O40/Carbon Modified by HNO3 Solution
- Statistical Medium Optimization for the Increased Production of Recombinant Phytase in the Fed-Batch Cultivation of Pichia pastoris
- Catalytic Degradation of Pyrrole in Aqueous Solution by Cu/SBA-15
