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Comparative wood and charcoal anatomy of Manilkara sp.: contribution for market inspections

  • Cibelle Amaral Reis ORCID logo EMAIL logo , Daniela Minini ORCID logo , Eliane L. da Silva ORCID logo , Pedro Henrique G. de Cademartori ORCID logo , Graziela B. Vidaurre ORCID logo , Simone R. Morrone ORCID logo , Graciela I. B. de Muñiz ORCID logo and Silvana Nisgoski ORCID logo
Published/Copyright: August 7, 2024
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Abstract

The anatomical description of wood and charcoal for a wide variety of purposes is an essential tool for compiling databases to correctly identify species. This study describes and compares the anatomy of the wood and charcoal of Manilkara sp., collected in a protected area in the Pará state, Brazil. The qualitative anatomical characteristics of the wood, such as diffuse-porosity; vessels in radial multiples; alternate intervessel pits; axial parenchyma in lines or reticulate; rays uniseriate or biseriate, not storied, are corroborated in the literature. Moreover, this work reports the presence of helical thickenings in the vessel elements and possible helical thickenings in fibres in Manilkara. After the carbonization process, there were morphometric changes in the anatomical elements, as an increase in vessel frequency between 23 % and 141 %, and in ray frequency between 2.8 % and 12.9 %; while ray height decreased and ray width increased. Overall, some anatomical variations could be related to, or a result of the interaction between species plasticity, genetics, age and environmental factors. These characteristics enabled the identification of the samples at the genus level and the anatomical description of the wood and charcoal can be useful for forest inspections.


Corresponding author: Cibelle Amaral Reis, Department of Forest Engineering and Technology, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná 80210-170, Brazil, E-mail:
Cibelle Amaral Reis and Daniela Minini share first authorship. Eliane Lopes da Silva and Silvana Nisgoski share senior authorship. Pedro Henrique Gonzalez de Cademartori, Graziela Baptista Vidaurre, Simone Ribeiro Morrone and Graciela Inés Bolzon de Muñiz contributed equally to this work.

Award Identifier / Grant number: 001

  1. Research ethics: Not applicable.

  2. Author contributions: The authors have accepted responsibility for the entire content of this manuscript and approved its submission.

  3. Competing interests: The authors state no conflict of interest.

  4. Research funding: This study was partially financed by the Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel – Brazil (Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de NÃ-vel Superior, CAPES) – Finance Code 001.

  5. Data availability: The raw data can be obtained on request from the corresponding author.

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Received: 2023-12-21
Accepted: 2024-07-09
Published Online: 2024-08-07
Published in Print: 2024-09-25

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