Home Clarifying the decay process by Inonotus obliquus in Japanese white birch naturally grown in Nikko, Japan
Article
Licensed
Unlicensed Requires Authentication

Clarifying the decay process by Inonotus obliquus in Japanese white birch naturally grown in Nikko, Japan

  • Ikumi Nezu , Nuerdong Nueraihaimaiti , Dwi Sukma Rini , Futoshi Ishiguri , Takumi Sato , Keisuke Mitsukuni , Tomohiro Suzuki , Naoto Habu , Jyunichi Ohshima and Shinso Yokota EMAIL logo
Published/Copyright: July 6, 2023
Become an author with De Gruyter Brill
Submit Manuscript Author Information
Holzforschung
From the journal Holzforschung Volume 77 Issue 8

Abstract

Decay process of wood of Japanese white birch [Betula platyphylla Sukaczev var. japonica (Miq.) H. Hara] tree by Inonotus obliquus (Fr.) Pilát was clarified by using the regression model in wood color and chemical components as a function of height position (1, 2, 3, and 4 m above the ground), wood type (sound wood and decayed wood), and their interactions, and anatomical observations. The 3 m height position, at which a sclerotium of I. obliquus was found, showed the highest decayed area percentage among four height positions. By the results of two-way analysis of variance, wood type affected all color indice. In addition, all factors (height position, wood type, and their interaction) were significant in all wood chemical components except for Klason lignin and hemicellulose. In the wood of the reaction zone, some substances were formed in the lumens of many vessels and a few wood fibers. Based on the results, we proposed the decay process of I. obliquus in naturally grown Japanese white birch, and the proposed process will contribute to a full understanding of the interactions between I. obliquus and Japanese white birch in the future.

Keywords: anatomical characteristics; Betula platyphylla ; white-rot fungus; wood chemical components; wood color
Corresponding author: Shinso Yokota, School of Agriculture, Utsunomiya University, Utsunomiya 321-8505, Japan, E-mail:

  1. Author contributions: All the authors accept responsibility for the entire content of this submitted manuscript and approved its submission.

  2. Research funding: None declared.

  3. Conflict of interest statement: The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare with regard to this article.

References

Agnestisia, R., Ono, A., Nakamura, L., Chino, R., Nodera, K., Aiso-Sanada, H., Nezu, I., Ishiguri, F., Suzuki, T., and Yokota, S. (2019). The complete mitochondrial genome sequence of the medicinal fungus Inonotus obliquus (Hymenochataceae, Basidiomycota). Mitochondrial DNA Part B 4: 3504–3506, https://doi.org/10.1080/23802359.2019.1675548.Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

Aoshima, K. (1951). Studies on birch-wood-rotting fungus, Fuscoporia obliqua (Pers.) Aoshima, comb. nov., with plates II-III. Bull. Tokyo Univ. For. 39: 185–207 (in Japanese with English summary).Search in Google Scholar

Balandaykin, M.E. and Zmitrovich, I.V. (2015). Review on chaga medicinal mushroom, Inonotus obliquus (higher basidiomycetes): realm of medicinal applications and approaches on estimating its resource potential. Int. J. Med. Mushrooms 17: 95–104, https://doi.org/10.1615/intjmedmushrooms.v17.i2.10.Search in Google Scholar PubMed

Bari, E., Daniel, G., Yilgor, N., Kim, J.S., Tajick-Ghanbary, M.A., Singh, A.P., and Ribera, J. (2020). Comparison of the decay behavior of two white-rot fungi in relation to wood type and exposure conditions. Microoganisms 8: 1931, https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8121931.Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

Barnett, J.R. and Jeronimidis, G. (2003). Wood quality and its biological basis. Blackwell Publishing, Oxford, pp. 226.Search in Google Scholar

Blanchette, R.A. (1982). Progressive stages of discoloration and decay associated with the canker-rot fungus, Inonotus obliquus, in birch. Phytopathology 72: 1272–1277, https://doi.org/10.1094/phyto-72-1272.Search in Google Scholar

Blanchette, R.A., Otjen, L., and Carlson, M.C. (1987). Lignin distribution in the cell walls of birch wood decayed by white rot basidiomycetes. Phytopathology 77: 684–690, https://doi.org/10.1094/phyto-77-684.Search in Google Scholar

Campbell, W.A. and Davidson, R.W. (1938). A Poria as the fruiting stage of the fungus causing the sterile conks on birch. Mycologia 30: 55–560, https://doi.org/10.1080/00275514.1938.12017297.Search in Google Scholar

Eaton, R.A. and Hale, M.D.C. (1993). Wood: decay, pests and protection. Chapman & Hall, Cambridge, pp. 181–182.Search in Google Scholar

Faix, O., Mozuch, M.D., and Kirk, T.K. (1985). Degradation of gymnosperm (guaiacyl) vs. angiosperm (syringyl/guaiacyl) lignins by Phanerochaete chrysosporium. Holzforschung 39: 203–208, https://doi.org/10.1515/hfsg.1985.39.4.203.Search in Google Scholar

Fox, J. and Weisberg, S. (2019). An R companion to applied regression, 3rd ed. Sage, Thousand Oaks, CA, Available at: <https://socialsciences.mcmaster.ca/jfox/Books/Companion/>.Search in Google Scholar

Gahan, P.B. (1984). Plant histochemistry and cytochemistry, an introduction. Academic Press, London, pp. 301.Search in Google Scholar

Hasegawa, T. and Usui, T. (1991a). Color reaction of phenols by iron (III) chloride. Chem. Educ. 39: 456–457 (in Japanese).Search in Google Scholar

Hasegawa, T. and Usui, T. (1991b). Color reaction of phenols on TLC by iron (III) chloride. Chem. Educ. 39: 686–687 (in Japanese).Search in Google Scholar

Hayashi, Y., Furusato, K., and Nakamura, T. (1985). Illustrated trees in color. Hokuryukan, Tokyo, p. 878 (in Japanese).Search in Google Scholar

Highley, T.L. (1982). Influence of type and amount of lignin on decay by Coriolus versicolor. Can. J. For. Res. 3: 435–438, https://doi.org/10.1139/x82-065.Search in Google Scholar

Japan Forest Technical Association (1964). Illustrated important forest trees of Japan. Chikyu Shuppan, Tokyo, pp. 217.Search in Google Scholar

Japan Industrial Standards (2013). Colorimetry. Part 4: CIE 1976 L* a* b* colour space (JIS Z8781-4: 2013). Japanese Standards Association, Available at: <https://kikakurui.com/z8/Z8781-4-2013-01.html> (in Japanese).Search in Google Scholar

Kobayashi, Y. (1941). On the abortive canker-like body on birch from Japan. J. Jpn. Bot. 16: 684–688 (in Japanese).Search in Google Scholar

Kuroda, K. (2000). III. Chemistry, 1. Wood analysis, (2) main components. In: Japan Wood Research Society (Ed.). Manual for wood science experiments. Buneido, Tokyo, pp. 92–97 (in Japanese).10.1023/A:1005207008031Search in Google Scholar

Lee, M.W., Hyeon-Hur, Chang, K.C., Lee, T.S., Ka, K.H., and Jankovsky, L. (2008). Introduction to distribution and ecology of sterile conks of Inonotus obliquus. Mycobiology 36: 199–202, https://doi.org/10.4489/myco.2008.36.4.199.Search in Google Scholar

Miina, J., Peltola, R., Veteli, P., Linnakoski, R., Escribano, M.C., Haveri-Heikkilä, J., Mattila, P., Marnila, P., Pihlava, J.M., Hellström, J., . (2021). Inoculation success of Inonotus obliquus in living birch (Betula spp.). For. Ecol. Manag. 492: 119244, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2021.119244.Search in Google Scholar

Mizuno, T., Zhuang, C., Abe, K., Okamoto, H., Kiho, T., Ukai, S., Leclerc, S., and Meijer, L. (1996). Studies on the host-mediated antitumor polysaccharides (Part XXVII): antitumor and hypoglycemic activities of polysaccharides isolated from sclerotium “Charga” and mycelium of Fuscoporia oblique mushroom fungus. Mushroom Sci. Biotechnol. 3: 53–60 (in Japanese with English summary).Search in Google Scholar

Rahman, M.M., Ishiguri, F., Takashima, Y., Azad, M.A.K., Iizuka, K., Yoshizawa, N., and Yokota, S. (2008). Anatomical and histochemical characteristics of Japanese birch (Tohoku) plantlets infected with the Inonotus obliquus IO-U1 strain. Plant Biotechnol. 25: 183–189, https://doi.org/10.5511/plantbiotechnology.25.183.Search in Google Scholar

R Core Team (2020). R: a language and environment for statistical computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria, Available at: <https://www.R-project.org/>.Search in Google Scholar

Shigo, A.L. (1969). How Poria obliqua and Polyporous glomeratus incite cankers. Phytopathology 59: 1164–1165.Search in Google Scholar

Takahashi, K. (1996). Relationships between the blacking phenomenon and norlignans of sugi (Cryptomeria japonica D. Don) heartwood: I. a case of partially black heartwood. Mokuzai Gakkaishi 42: 998–1005 (in Japanese with English summary).Search in Google Scholar

Takashima, Y., Ishiguri, F., Iizuka, K., Yoshizawa, N., and Yokota, S. (2013a). Proteome analysis of infection-specific proteins from Japanese birch (Betula platyphylla var. japonica) plantlet no. 8 infected with Inonotus obliquus strain IO-U1. Plant Biotechnol. 30: 83–87, https://doi.org/10.5511/plantbiotechnology.12.1129a.Search in Google Scholar

Takashima, Y., Suzuki, M., Ishiguri, F., Iizuka, K., Yoshizawa, N., and Yokota, S. (2013b). Cationic peroxidase related to basal resistance of Betula platyphylla var. japonica plantlet no. 8 against canker-rot fungus Inonotus obliquus strain IO-U1. Plant Biotechnol. 30: 199–205, https://doi.org/10.5511/plantbiotechnology.13.0312b.Search in Google Scholar

Tanaka, Y., Suzuki, T., Nakamura, L., Nakamura, M., Ebihara, S., Kurokura, T., Iigo, M., Dohra, H., Habu, N., and Konno, N. (2019). A GH family 28 endo-polygalacturonase from the brown-rot fungus Fomitopsis palustris: purification, gene cloning, enzymatic characterization and effects of oxalate. Int. J. Biol. Macromol. 123: 108–116, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.11.004.Search in Google Scholar PubMed

Xu, X., Xu, Z., Shi, S., and Lin, M. (2017). Lignocellulose degradation patterns, structural changes, and enzyme secretion by Inonotus obliquus on straw biomass under submerged fermentation. Bioresour. Technol. 241: 415–423, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2017.05.087.Search in Google Scholar PubMed

Yamaguchi, T. (1989). Decay of Betula platyphylla var. japonica caused by Fuscoporia obliqua. Trans. Meet. Hokkaido Branch Jpn. For. Soc. 37: 91–93 (in Japanese).Search in Google Scholar

Yamaguchi, T. (1992). Basidiospore discharge of Fucoporia obliqua (Pers.: Fr.) Aoshima. Trans. Meet. Hokkaido Branch Jpn. For. Soc. 40: 30–32 (in Japanese).Search in Google Scholar

Yokota, S., Umezawa, T., and Higuchi, T. (1988). Influence of alkoxyl ring substituents on degradability of β-O-4 lignin substructure model dimers by Phanerochaete chrysosporium. Mokuzai Gakkaishi 34: 65–74.Search in Google Scholar

Yoshizawa, N., Watanabe, N., Yokota, S., and Idei, T. (1993). Distribution of guaiacyl and syringyl lignins in normal and compression wood of Buxus microphylla var. inslaris Nakai. IAWA J. 14: 139–151, https://doi.org/10.1163/22941932-90001307.Search in Google Scholar

Zabel, R.A. (1947). Poria obliqua on dying beech. Phytopathology 37: 189–190.Search in Google Scholar

Supplementary Material

This article contains supplementary material (https://doi.org/10.1515/hf-2022-0152).

Received: 2022-09-28
Accepted: 2023-06-08
Published Online: 2023-07-06
Published in Print: 2023-08-28

© 2023 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston

Articles in the same Issue

  1. Frontmatter
  2. Wood Biochemistry
  3. Natural durability and fungal diversity of five wood species in a field-test site in Jeongseon, Korea
  4. Clarifying the decay process by Inonotus obliquus in Japanese white birch naturally grown in Nikko, Japan
  5. Wood Chemistry
  6. Kraft cooking of birch wood chips: differences between the dissolved organic material in pore and bulk liquor
  7. Effect of alkali charge on the performance of Eucalyptus globulus kraft pulps for tissue applications
  8. Wood Physics/Mechanical Properties
  9. Hydromechanical behavior of wood during drying studied by NIR spectroscopy and image analysis
  10. Mechanism elucidation for wood sandwich compression from the perspective of yield stress
  11. Wood Technology/Products
  12. Antifungal properties of lauric arginate (LAE) treated wood
  13. Preventing fiber–fiber adhesion of lignin–cellulose precursors and carbon fibers with spin finish application
https://doi.org/10.1515/hf-2022-0152
Keywords for this article
anatomical characteristics; Betula platyphylla; white-rot fungus; wood chemical components; wood color

Articles in the same Issue

  1. Frontmatter
  2. Wood Biochemistry
  3. Natural durability and fungal diversity of five wood species in a field-test site in Jeongseon, Korea
  4. Clarifying the decay process by Inonotus obliquus in Japanese white birch naturally grown in Nikko, Japan
  5. Wood Chemistry
  6. Kraft cooking of birch wood chips: differences between the dissolved organic material in pore and bulk liquor
  7. Effect of alkali charge on the performance of Eucalyptus globulus kraft pulps for tissue applications
  8. Wood Physics/Mechanical Properties
  9. Hydromechanical behavior of wood during drying studied by NIR spectroscopy and image analysis
  10. Mechanism elucidation for wood sandwich compression from the perspective of yield stress
  11. Wood Technology/Products
  12. Antifungal properties of lauric arginate (LAE) treated wood
  13. Preventing fiber–fiber adhesion of lignin–cellulose precursors and carbon fibers with spin finish application
Sign up now to receive a 20% welcome discount
Institutional Access
How does access work?
Have an idea on how to improve our website?
Please write us.
© 2025 De Gruyter Brill
Downloaded on 24.9.2025 from https://www.degruyterbrill.com/document/doi/10.1515/hf-2022-0152/html?lang=en
Scroll to top button