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Laccase-catalyzed grafting of vanillin on wood and its effect on wood decay resistance

  • Zhenju Bi , Li Yan ORCID logo EMAIL logo , Zhangjing Chen , Yafang Lei and Guangbin Li
Published/Copyright: May 25, 2022
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Holzforschung
From the journal Holzforschung Volume 76 Issue 8

Abstract

The improvement of wood decay resistance is more inclined to eco-friendly methods such as the application of natural products, but the low durability of some natural products as wood preservatives limits their applications. In this study, vanillin catalyzed by laccase was grafted into poplar wood to increase wood decay resistance and can remain in wood for longer period. The reaction system of vanillin, ABTS, laccase and phosphate buffer solution was impregnated into poplar wood using vacuum-pressure method, and reacted at 40 °C for 6 h. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) were used to confirm the grafting reaction actually occurring during the process. The decay resistance, leaching resistance and mechanical strength of grafted wood were evaluated. Energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) mapping was used to characterize the vanillin distribution. The results indicated that vanillin grafted poplar wood had good decay resistance, leaching resistance and higher strength. The mass loss of grafted poplar wood exposed to white-rot fungi [Trametes versicolor (L. ex Fr.) Quél.] and brown-rot fungi [Gloeophyllum trabeum (Pers.: Fr.) Murr.] decreased from original 46 and 13% to 9 and 4%, respectively, even after leaching. The modulus of rupture (MOR) and modulus of elasticity (MOE) of the grafted poplar were 11 and 26% stronger than original poplar wood. Vanillin was found in wood cell wall. It was actually esterified onto wood catalyzed by the laccase.

Keywords: grafting reaction mechanism; laccase catalysis; leaching resistance; vanillin; wood decay resistance
Corresponding author: Li Yan, Department of Wood Science and Technology, Forestry College, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China, E-mail:

Funding source: National Natural Science Foundation of China

Award Identifier / Grant number: 31971590

Funding source: Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities

Award Identifier / Grant number: 31971590

Acknowledgments

We thank Ms Zhang lingling (Forestry College, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China) and Mr Zhang Guoyun (State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China) for FTIR and Energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) mapping experimental assistance.

  1. Author contributions: Zhenju Bi: conceptualization, methodology, investigation, writing - original draft, and visualization. Li Yan: resources, supervision, funding acquisition, project administration. Zhangjing Chen: writing - review & editing. Yafang Lei: supervision and validation. Guangbin Li: investigation (sections 2.2, 2.5, and 2.7). All the authors have approved the publication of this article.

  2. Research funding: This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31971590) and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (2452019057).

  3. Conflict of interest statement: The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest regarding this article.

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Supplementary Material

The online version of this article offers supplementary material (https://doi.org/10.1515/hf-2022-0035).

Received: 2022-02-24
Accepted: 2022-05-11
Published Online: 2022-05-25
Published in Print: 2022-08-26

© 2022 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston

Articles in the same Issue

  1. Frontmatter
  2. Review
  3. Fire performance of timber: review for use in wildland-urban interfaces
  4. Original Articles
  5. Experimental study and three-dimensional modeling of moisture transport in wood by means of near-infrared hyperspectral imaging coupled with a heat and mass transfer simulation method
  6. Study on the moisture-induced swelling/shrinkage and hysteresis of Catalpa bungei wood across the growth ring
  7. Formation rate of benzyl cations in various aqueous solutions containing different concentrations of acid but with a specific proton activity in lignin acidolysis
  8. Laccase-catalyzed grafting of vanillin on wood and its effect on wood decay resistance
  9. Properties of Scots pine wood impregnated with capric acid for potential energy saving building material
  10. Cell wall pore structures of bamboo evaluated using gas adsorption methods
  11. Evaluation of the in-plane shear properties of bamboo strips (Phyllostachys edulis) with the Iosipescu test and theoretical models based on composite mechanics
https://doi.org/10.1515/hf-2022-0035
Keywords for this article
grafting reaction mechanism; laccase catalysis; leaching resistance; vanillin; wood decay resistance

Articles in the same Issue

  1. Frontmatter
  2. Review
  3. Fire performance of timber: review for use in wildland-urban interfaces
  4. Original Articles
  5. Experimental study and three-dimensional modeling of moisture transport in wood by means of near-infrared hyperspectral imaging coupled with a heat and mass transfer simulation method
  6. Study on the moisture-induced swelling/shrinkage and hysteresis of Catalpa bungei wood across the growth ring
  7. Formation rate of benzyl cations in various aqueous solutions containing different concentrations of acid but with a specific proton activity in lignin acidolysis
  8. Laccase-catalyzed grafting of vanillin on wood and its effect on wood decay resistance
  9. Properties of Scots pine wood impregnated with capric acid for potential energy saving building material
  10. Cell wall pore structures of bamboo evaluated using gas adsorption methods
  11. Evaluation of the in-plane shear properties of bamboo strips (Phyllostachys edulis) with the Iosipescu test and theoretical models based on composite mechanics
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