The furfuryl alcohol (FA) resin distribution in the furfurylated bamboo
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Wanju Li
Abstract
It is well known the properties of resin impregnation wood is significantly influenced by the specific distribution pattern of resin in the modified wood. In this work, bamboo was furfurylated with an improved process. In addition to testing and evaluating its main physical, mechanical and durable properties, it was explored how the furfuryl alcohol (FA) resin is distributed in the furfurylated bamboo. To achieve this goal, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM), nanoindentation, and imaging Fourier transform infrared microscopy (imaging FT-IR) were applied. SEM images demonstrates FA resin is mainly located in the parenchymal cell cavity of bamboo, however the existence of FA resin in the small cavities of the bamboo fibers is also observed by CLSM. In addition, the result of nanoindentation and imaging FT-IR both indicates that FA can penetrate and polymerize within the cell wall of the bamboo fiber. It is then concluded the heterogeneous but multi-scale distribution of FA resin should be responsible for the significant improvement of furfurylated bamboo in both dimensional stability and biological durability.
Funding source: National Key Research and Development Program of China
Award Identifier / Grant number: 2017YFD0600800
Funding source: National Natural Science Foundation of China
Award Identifier / Grant number: 31800474
Funding source: State Special Research Fund of Forestry Public Welfare of China
Award Identifier / Grant number: 201404510
Author contribution: All the authors have accepted responsibility for the entire content of this submitted manuscript and approved submission.
Research funding: We would like to thank 13th Five-Year National Key Research and Development Program of China (no. 2017YFD0600800), National Natural Science Foundation of China (no. 31800474), as well as State Special Research Fund of Forestry Public Welfare of China (no. 201404510) for financial support.
Conflict of interest statement: The authors declare no conflicts of interest regarding this article.
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Articles in the same Issue
- Frontmatter
- Original articles
- Inheritance of static bending properties and classification of load-deflection curves in Cryptomeria japonica
- Hardness of chemically densified Yellow birch in relation to wood density, polymer content and polymer properties
- Comparison of silicate impregnation methods to reinforce Chinese fir wood
- Hydrophobic and UV-resistant properties of environmentally friendly nano-ZnO-coated wood
- A novel approach to determine charring of wood in natural fire implemented in a coupled heat-mass-pyrolysis model
- Preparation and characterization of tannin-based adhesives reinforced with cellulose nanofibrils for wood bonding
- Intraspecific variability of quantity and chemical composition of ethanolic knotwood extracts along the stems of three industrially important softwood species: Abies alba, Picea abies and Pseudotsuga menziesii
- Creation and structural evaluation of the three-dimensional cellulosic material “White-Colored Bamboo”
- The furfuryl alcohol (FA) resin distribution in the furfurylated bamboo
- Short note
- Use of LA-ICP-MS for determination of elemental concentrations of boron in preservative treated solid wood and engineered wood panels
Articles in the same Issue
- Frontmatter
- Original articles
- Inheritance of static bending properties and classification of load-deflection curves in Cryptomeria japonica
- Hardness of chemically densified Yellow birch in relation to wood density, polymer content and polymer properties
- Comparison of silicate impregnation methods to reinforce Chinese fir wood
- Hydrophobic and UV-resistant properties of environmentally friendly nano-ZnO-coated wood
- A novel approach to determine charring of wood in natural fire implemented in a coupled heat-mass-pyrolysis model
- Preparation and characterization of tannin-based adhesives reinforced with cellulose nanofibrils for wood bonding
- Intraspecific variability of quantity and chemical composition of ethanolic knotwood extracts along the stems of three industrially important softwood species: Abies alba, Picea abies and Pseudotsuga menziesii
- Creation and structural evaluation of the three-dimensional cellulosic material “White-Colored Bamboo”
- The furfuryl alcohol (FA) resin distribution in the furfurylated bamboo
- Short note
- Use of LA-ICP-MS for determination of elemental concentrations of boron in preservative treated solid wood and engineered wood panels
