In-situ density estimation by four nondestructive techniques on Norway spruce from built-in wood structures

Daniel F. Llana; Guillermo Íñiguez-González; Joaquín Montón; Francisco Arriaga

doi:10.1515/hf-2018-0027

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In-situ density estimation by four nondestructive techniques on Norway spruce from built-in wood structures

Daniel F. Llana , Guillermo Íñiguez-González , Joaquín Montón and Francisco Arriaga

Published/Copyright: June 5, 2018

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From the journal Holzforschung Volume 72 Issue 10

Abstract

Needle penetration resistance (NPR), screw withdrawal resistance (SWR), core drilling (CD) and drilling chips extraction (DCE) are nondestructive and semi-destructive techniques used to estimate density in timber structures. In most of the previous studies, these techniques were tested in clear sawn timber and clear specimens. The goal of the present paper is to study the relationship between density and these techniques by means of five different devices in whole pieces of timber from built-in engineering structures, which are from 12 4.5-m long structural timber joists of Norway spruce from a 19^th century building in Barcelona (Catalonia, Spain). Although determination coefficients (R²) for density estimation models were lower than those from clear timber, the results obtained confirmed that these four techniques are suitable for in-situ density estimation of woods in buildings. The best results were obtained by CD (the bigger the bit, the higher the correlation), followed by DCE, and SWR. The worst correlation was found for NPR devices, but the results could be probably improved with more measurements.

Keywords: core drilling (CD); drilling chips extraction (DCE); needle penetration resistance (NPR); nondestructive testing (NDT); probing; screw withdrawal resistance (SWR)

Acknowledgments

The authors would also like to thank Mr. Pere Linares from House Habitat, Olesa de Montserrat, Spain, for freely supplying the material, Mrs. María Alejandra García Coll and Mr. Tomás Bobadilla Fonollá for their helpful technical assistance in the Materials Laboratory of the UPC, Barcelona, Spain, and Mr. Carlos Osuna Sequera for their help with species identification in the Timber Laboratory of the UPM, Madrid, Spain.

Author contributions: All the authors have accepted responsibility for the entire content of this submitted manuscript and approved submission.
Research funding: The authors thank the Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad [Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness]. Plan Nacional ID 2013–2016. Proy.: BIA 2014-55089-P.
Employment or leadership: None declared.
Honorarium: None declared.

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Received: 2018-02-07

Accepted: 2018-05-01

Published Online: 2018-06-05

Published in Print: 2018-10-25

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Articles in the same Issue

https://doi.org/10.1515/hf-2018-0027

Keywords for this article

core drilling (CD); drilling chips extraction (DCE); needle penetration resistance (NPR); nondestructive testing (NDT); probing; screw withdrawal resistance (SWR)