Quantitative observation of the foraging tunnels in Sitka spruce and Japanese cypress caused by the drywood termite Incisitermes minor (Hagen) by 2D and 3D X-ray computer tomography (CT)
Abstract
The cryptic lifestyle of drywood termites makes it difficult to study their foraging behaviour and to detect infestations in hidden regions. In the present research, computer tomography (CT) scanning images were collected over a 1-year observation period of drywood termite Incisitermes minor (Hagen) in order to understand its foraging behaviour and, perhaps, to be able to detect the infestation as early as possible. Sitka spruce and Japanese cypress woods were the test objects. As CT scanning results show, foragers caused distinguished tunnelling patterns based on the physical properties of wood during gallery construction. The foragers primarily excavate along the earlywood in radial direction towards the outer surface of the wood to establish the primary and satellite chambers, followed by mainly superficial (0.3–3.0 cm under the surface) longitudinal expansion with occasional lateral deviations. The development of tunnelling is affected by the physical constraints of knots with their high density, high extractive and lignin contents, reaction wood (compression wood) and wood damage caused by wind.
Acknowledgements
The authors are grateful to Setsuo Imazu (Kyushu National Museum) for technical assistance in tomography scanning analysis and Yoshiyuki Yanase (Kyoto University) for the analysis of CT data.
References
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©2017 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston
Articles in the same Issue
- Frontmatter
- Effects of thermo-hygro-mechanical (THM) treatment on the viscoelasticity of in-situ lignin
- 2D NMR characterization of wheat straw residual lignin after dilute acid pretreatment with different severities
- Determination of inorganic element distribution in the freeze-fixed stem of Al2(SO4)3-treated Hydrangea macrophylla by TOF-SIMS and ICP-AES
- NMR determination of sorption isotherms in earlywood and latewood of Douglas fir. Identification of bound water components related to their local environment
- The combined effects of initial microfibrillar angle and moisture contents on the tensile mechanical properties and angle alteration of wood foils during tension
- Fatigue behavior of Japanese cypress (Chamaecyparis obtusa) under repeated compression loading tests perpendicular to the grain
- Influence of strain rate, temperature and fatigue on the radial compression behaviour of Norway spruce
- Effect of conditioning history on the characterization of hardness of thermo-mechanical densified and heat treated poplar wood
- An innovative composite plywood for the acoustic improvement of small closed spaces
- Antioxidant activity of Scots pine heartwood and knot extractives and implications for resistance to brown rot
- Quantitative observation of the foraging tunnels in Sitka spruce and Japanese cypress caused by the drywood termite Incisitermes minor (Hagen) by 2D and 3D X-ray computer tomography (CT)
Articles in the same Issue
- Frontmatter
- Effects of thermo-hygro-mechanical (THM) treatment on the viscoelasticity of in-situ lignin
- 2D NMR characterization of wheat straw residual lignin after dilute acid pretreatment with different severities
- Determination of inorganic element distribution in the freeze-fixed stem of Al2(SO4)3-treated Hydrangea macrophylla by TOF-SIMS and ICP-AES
- NMR determination of sorption isotherms in earlywood and latewood of Douglas fir. Identification of bound water components related to their local environment
- The combined effects of initial microfibrillar angle and moisture contents on the tensile mechanical properties and angle alteration of wood foils during tension
- Fatigue behavior of Japanese cypress (Chamaecyparis obtusa) under repeated compression loading tests perpendicular to the grain
- Influence of strain rate, temperature and fatigue on the radial compression behaviour of Norway spruce
- Effect of conditioning history on the characterization of hardness of thermo-mechanical densified and heat treated poplar wood
- An innovative composite plywood for the acoustic improvement of small closed spaces
- Antioxidant activity of Scots pine heartwood and knot extractives and implications for resistance to brown rot
- Quantitative observation of the foraging tunnels in Sitka spruce and Japanese cypress caused by the drywood termite Incisitermes minor (Hagen) by 2D and 3D X-ray computer tomography (CT)