Modification of poplar wood with glucose crosslinked with citric acid and 1,3-dimethylol-4,5-dihydroxy ethyleneurea
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Xiaoyan He
Abstract
Poplar wood (Populus adenopoda Maxim) has been modified by glucose (GLC) in the presence of citric acid (CA) or 1,3-dimethylol-4,5-dihydroxy ethyleneurea (DM) as crosslinker agents. GLC can penetrate easily the wood cell walls, and after crosslinking, the cell wall is bulked. At 20% GLC concentration level, the leaching ratio of GLC incorporated into wood decreased from 73% to 15% in the presence of 10% CA or DM. The crosslinking efficiency of DM was higher than that of CA. The fixed chemicals in the cell walls caused ca. 6% permanent bulking, namely, a 43% reduction in volumetric swelling after water saturation. FTIR spectroscopy shows that GLC can be activated in the presence of a catalyst; however, the reaction of GLC with a wood polymer is very limited. Scanning electronic microscopy (SEM) reveals that some of the chemicals remained located in the cell lumens. The findings demonstrate that GLC alone is not efficient, but joint treatment of GLC with crosslinkers is a feasible way of wood modification.
Acknowledgments
The authors are grateful to the support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31470585) and the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University of Ministry of Education of China (NCET-11-0608). The Young Prominent Talent Support Program of Northeast Forestry University (PTSP-1213-03) is also acknowledged.
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Articles in the same Issue
- Frontmatter
- Original Articles
- Profiles of alkali concentration and galactoglucomannan degradation in kraft impregnation of Scots pine wood: Experimental observations and modeling
- Solvent screening for the fractionation of industrial kraft lignin
- Pilot-scale demonstration of SPORL for bioconversion of lodgepole pine to bioethanol and lignosulfonate
- Interrelationship between lignin-rich dichloromethane extracts of hot water-treated wood fibers and high-density polyethylene (HDPE) in wood plastic composite (WPC) production
- A new cis-p-coumaroyl flavonol glycoside from the inner barks of Sophora japonica L.
- Modification of poplar wood with glucose crosslinked with citric acid and 1,3-dimethylol-4,5-dihydroxy ethyleneurea
- Influence of atmospheric pressure plasma treatments on the surface properties of ligno-cellulosic substrates
- Superhydrophobic conductive wood with oil repellency obtained by coating with silver nanoparticles modified by fluoroalkyl silane
- Wettability and swelling of acetylated and furfurylated wood analyzed by multicycle Wilhelmy plate method
- Pre-grading of spruce logs containing frozen and unfrozen water by means of frequency-based nondestructive testing (NDT)
- Cork structural discontinuities studied with X-ray microtomography
Articles in the same Issue
- Frontmatter
- Original Articles
- Profiles of alkali concentration and galactoglucomannan degradation in kraft impregnation of Scots pine wood: Experimental observations and modeling
- Solvent screening for the fractionation of industrial kraft lignin
- Pilot-scale demonstration of SPORL for bioconversion of lodgepole pine to bioethanol and lignosulfonate
- Interrelationship between lignin-rich dichloromethane extracts of hot water-treated wood fibers and high-density polyethylene (HDPE) in wood plastic composite (WPC) production
- A new cis-p-coumaroyl flavonol glycoside from the inner barks of Sophora japonica L.
- Modification of poplar wood with glucose crosslinked with citric acid and 1,3-dimethylol-4,5-dihydroxy ethyleneurea
- Influence of atmospheric pressure plasma treatments on the surface properties of ligno-cellulosic substrates
- Superhydrophobic conductive wood with oil repellency obtained by coating with silver nanoparticles modified by fluoroalkyl silane
- Wettability and swelling of acetylated and furfurylated wood analyzed by multicycle Wilhelmy plate method
- Pre-grading of spruce logs containing frozen and unfrozen water by means of frequency-based nondestructive testing (NDT)
- Cork structural discontinuities studied with X-ray microtomography
