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Comparative evaluation of various lignin determination methods on hemicellulose-rich fractions of spruce and birch obtained by pressurized hot-water extraction (PHWE) and subsequent ultrafiltration (UF)

  • Risto Korpinen EMAIL logo , Mari Kallioinen , Jarl Hemming , Andrey Pranovich , Mika Mänttäri and Stefan Willför
Published/Copyright: April 3, 2014
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Abstract

Various lignin determination methods have been applied to hemicellulose-rich wood extracts obtained after pressurized hot-water extraction (PHWE) and membrane ultrafiltration (UF). In focus were the chlorine number (Cl no.) method, the acetyl bromide method, and the four modifications of the Klason lignin determination, such as the KCL, TAPPI, LAP, and Goldschmid methods. The furfural (F) and hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) concentrations in the acid hydrolysates were also determined. The mass balances of the fraction were calculated with respect to the contents of dry solids and lignin, including the acid-soluble lignin. The reliability of the methods was evaluated based on the lignin mass balances and the gross chemical composition of the extracts. Although the results were dependent on the method applied, the lignin mass balance calculations yielded similar results in general.


Corresponding author: Risto Korpinen, Process Chemistry Centre c/o Laboratory of Wood and Paper Chemistry, Åbo Akademi University, Porthansgatan 3–5, FI-20500 Turku/Åbo, Finland, e-mail:

Acknowledgments

This research was part of the activities at the Åbo Akademi Process Chemistry Centre. This study was financed by the Finnish Bioeconomy Cluster (FIBIC) and the Finnish Funding Agency for Innovation (Tekes) within the framework of the Future Biorefinery (FuBio) Joint Research 2 program. The Finnish Forest Research Institute is acknowledged for performing the PHWE and the Lappeenranta University of Technology, Laboratory of Separation Technology, is acknowledged for performing the UF experiments.

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Received: 2013-11-29
Accepted: 2014-3-14
Published Online: 2014-4-3
Published in Print: 2014-12-1

©2014 by De Gruyter

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