Improvement of kraft pulp bleaching by treatments with laccase, urea, and refining
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Xueyu Du
Abstract
Unbleached Eucalyptus kraft pulps were treated by three methods and the bleaching effects have been evaluated. The treatments were performed by a laccase-mediator system (LMS), refining (R), and urea (U) alone and in combination of these methods. The bleached pulps were characterized in terms of κ number, hexenuronic acid content, brightness, and viscosity. In addition, the lignin-carbohydrate complexes (LCCs) were fractionated and characterized with regard to the fractionation yield, lignin content, and carbohydrate composition. Moreover, the 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectra were recorded and the thioacidolysis-gas chromatography and thioacidolysis-size exclusion chromatography analyses were performed. The LMS treatment resulted mainly in a slightly better delignification as manifested by a κ number (K no.) reduction of 0.8 units. The effects of the U treatment included delignification (1.4 κ units), hexenuronic acid removal (3 μmol g-1), and improved pulp brightness (3.4 ISO units). The R treatment darkened the pulp (3 ISO units), whereas the bleaching of the R-pulp by subsequent LMS or U treatment enhanced the brightness (0.5 unit more) or delignification (0.3 unit more). The residual lignin in the pulp samples was present mainly as xylan-lignin. The Klason lignin content from the xylan-lignin fraction decreased as the degree of delignification increased. The pulp darkening followed by the R treatment was interpreted as the result of the formation of condensed lignin structures, but these condensed lignins were substantially removed by the subsequent LMS or U treatment.
The authors would like to thank Prof. Ma Enriqueta Arias (University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain) for supplying the bacterial laccase, which was isolated in her laboratory and used in this work for biobleaching. The Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation is acknowledged for funding (projects CTQ 2009-11268 and CTQ 2011-28503-C02-01).
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Articles in the same Issue
- Masthead
- Masthead
- Review
- Novel cellulose-based composites based on nanofibrillated plant and bacterial cellulose: recent advances at the University of Aveiro – a review
- Original Articles
- Quantitative structural characterization of the lignins from the stem and pith of bamboo (Phyllostachys pubescens)
- Fractionation and characterization of lignin-carbohydrate complexes (LCCs) of Eucalyptus globulus in residues left after MWL isolation. Part II: Analyses of xylan-lignin fraction (X-L)
- Alkali consumption of aliphatic carboxylic acids during alkaline pulping of wood and nonwood feedstocks
- Improvement of kraft pulp bleaching by treatments with laccase, urea, and refining
- Development and evaluation of new curing agents derived from glycerol for formaldehyde-free soy-based adhesives in wood composites
- Formation of highly hydrophobic wood surfaces using silica nanoparticles modified with long-chain alkylsilane
- The fracture behavior of birch and spruce in the radial-tangential crack propagation direction at the scale of the growth ring
- Flatwise Young’s modulus and flatwise shear modulus of plywood measured by flexural vibration test
- A numerical and experimental study regarding the influence of some process parameters on the damage state in wood chips
- Treatment of wood with silica sols against attack by wood-decaying fungi and blue stain
- Mimicking of the strength loss in the Vasa: model experiments with iron-impregnated recent oak
- Improved heat insulation system (Mirrorpanel) for construction of wood buildings
- Meetings
- Meetings
Articles in the same Issue
- Masthead
- Masthead
- Review
- Novel cellulose-based composites based on nanofibrillated plant and bacterial cellulose: recent advances at the University of Aveiro – a review
- Original Articles
- Quantitative structural characterization of the lignins from the stem and pith of bamboo (Phyllostachys pubescens)
- Fractionation and characterization of lignin-carbohydrate complexes (LCCs) of Eucalyptus globulus in residues left after MWL isolation. Part II: Analyses of xylan-lignin fraction (X-L)
- Alkali consumption of aliphatic carboxylic acids during alkaline pulping of wood and nonwood feedstocks
- Improvement of kraft pulp bleaching by treatments with laccase, urea, and refining
- Development and evaluation of new curing agents derived from glycerol for formaldehyde-free soy-based adhesives in wood composites
- Formation of highly hydrophobic wood surfaces using silica nanoparticles modified with long-chain alkylsilane
- The fracture behavior of birch and spruce in the radial-tangential crack propagation direction at the scale of the growth ring
- Flatwise Young’s modulus and flatwise shear modulus of plywood measured by flexural vibration test
- A numerical and experimental study regarding the influence of some process parameters on the damage state in wood chips
- Treatment of wood with silica sols against attack by wood-decaying fungi and blue stain
- Mimicking of the strength loss in the Vasa: model experiments with iron-impregnated recent oak
- Improved heat insulation system (Mirrorpanel) for construction of wood buildings
- Meetings
- Meetings
