Defense against Lion Attack in Cognitive Radio Systems using the Markov Decision Process Approach
-
Khadijeh Afhamisisi
and
Ehsan Meamari
Abstract
Cognitive radio (CR) technology is a solution to solve the lack of spectrum by allowing the secondary user to use licensed bands. There are several potential security challenges for cognitive radio like jamming, primary user emulation (PUE) and lion attack. The lion attack is a multi-layer attack that has effects on two layers. It uses PUE or jamming attack in physical layer to disrupt transmission control protocol (TCP) in transport layer. Since transport layer is unaware of physical layer situation, when it occurs to an unacknowledged packet, there is no way to distinguish between congestion and disconnection in the physical layer. So the window size of TCP would be decreased because of a wrong decision caused by unawareness. To mitigate the lion attack the cross layer design is usually used to freeze its window size during frequency handoff. The main issue in this solution is finding the best strategy for freezing. In this paper, we propose a dynamic method for freezing and performing frequency handoff to counter lion attack. Also a learning model based on Markov decision process (MDP) is applied. By using the proposed method, the secondary user can choose an optimal strategy in both physical and transport layers to reduce the effect of lion attack.
©2014 by Walter de Gruyter Berlin/Boston
Articles in the same Issue
- Frontmatter
- Performance Analysis of Cooperative Fixed-Gain Relaying over Asymmetric Fading Channels
- Sensing-throughput Trade off for Interference-aware Cognitive Radio Networks
- Improved Cyclostationary-Based Spectrum Sensing with Multiple Antennas in Fading and Shadowing Environments
- Distortion Range Determination Methodology
- A New Model of CFAR Detector
- Novel Teletraffic Analysis of GSM/EDGE Orthogonal Sub Channel (OSC) and Application to Spectrum Re-farming
- The Influence of the Number of Relay Antennas on the Secure DoF with Active Cooperation
- Relay Management in Energy-aware Cooperative Ad Hoc Networks: A Perspective of Stochastic Game
- Comparison of the Influence of Intra-cell Traffic and Finite Number of Mobile Phones on the Determination of Number of Channels in the BTS of GSM Network
- Approximate Message Passing Algorithms for Distributed Iterative Receiver
- An Adaptive Stopping Rule for Distributed Opportunistic Spectrum Access Systems with Multi-channel and Multi-user
- Defense against Lion Attack in Cognitive Radio Systems using the Markov Decision Process Approach
Articles in the same Issue
- Frontmatter
- Performance Analysis of Cooperative Fixed-Gain Relaying over Asymmetric Fading Channels
- Sensing-throughput Trade off for Interference-aware Cognitive Radio Networks
- Improved Cyclostationary-Based Spectrum Sensing with Multiple Antennas in Fading and Shadowing Environments
- Distortion Range Determination Methodology
- A New Model of CFAR Detector
- Novel Teletraffic Analysis of GSM/EDGE Orthogonal Sub Channel (OSC) and Application to Spectrum Re-farming
- The Influence of the Number of Relay Antennas on the Secure DoF with Active Cooperation
- Relay Management in Energy-aware Cooperative Ad Hoc Networks: A Perspective of Stochastic Game
- Comparison of the Influence of Intra-cell Traffic and Finite Number of Mobile Phones on the Determination of Number of Channels in the BTS of GSM Network
- Approximate Message Passing Algorithms for Distributed Iterative Receiver
- An Adaptive Stopping Rule for Distributed Opportunistic Spectrum Access Systems with Multi-channel and Multi-user
- Defense against Lion Attack in Cognitive Radio Systems using the Markov Decision Process Approach
