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Dynamics of Late-Career Entrepreneurial Intentions in Pakistan – Individual and Synergistic Application of Various Capital Resources and Fear of Failure

  • Muhammad Shehzad Hanif EMAIL logo , Shao Yunfei , Muhammad Imran Hanif and Danish Junaid
Published/Copyright: March 9, 2021

Abstract

Although prior research on late-career entrepreneurship has explored the effects of financial, human, and social capital on the intentions to engage in entrepreneurial activity within the domains of a developed economy, little research has investigated this scholarship in the context of a push perspective within a developing economy. This study endeavors to meet this gap by investigating the effects of financial, social, and human capital and the personal dispositional traits on the entrepreneurial intentions among early retirees in the ICT sector of Pakistan. Based on the collected data from the web-based questionnaire and personally administered surveys and interviews from 345 respondents who face a survival challenge in the aftermath of a job loss, we make use of hierarchical logistic regression to periodically explore the independent and combined effects of the financial, social and human capital and the impact of a stable dispositional trait of fear of failure on the entrepreneurial intention. Being one of the foremost studies to address the late-career entrepreneurship phenomenon in a developing economy, this study has to offer notable contributions to entrepreneurship literature. Consistent with prior research, we observe support for the individual influence of various elements of financial, social, and human capital and the fear of failure on the intentions to engage in an entrepreneurial career. Results also demonstrate considerable evidence for the interaction effects among financial, human, and social capital as well as among different measures of financial capital, human capital, and the fear of failure. Discussion about the results is furnished followed by limitations and future research implications.


Corresponding author: Muhammad Shehzad Hanif, Assistant Professor, UCP Business School, University of Central Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan, E-mail:

Professor Dr. Muhammad Imran Hanif (Late) was an accomplished scholar and researcher in the field of management sciences in Pakistan. His research interests included innovation management, human resource management, marketing and entrepreneurship. He supervised dozens of students during their masters and doctoral research in his professional career spanned over a decade. He had over 60 research publications in reputed international and national journals and conferences. His research projects are still undergoing and his students are determined to complete the research work in his absence in recognition of his remarkable achievements to the field of management studies.


Funding source: National Nature Science Foundation of China

Award Identifier / Grant number: 71872027

Award Identifier / Grant number: 71572028

  1. Research funding: This work was supported by National Nature Science Foundation of China, Award Numbers 71872027, 71572028.

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Received: 2018-03-14
Accepted: 2021-02-15
Published Online: 2021-03-09

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