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Enhanced adsorption of sulfonamide antibiotics in water by modified biochar derived from bagasse

  • Pinzhu Qin , Dawei Huang EMAIL logo , Rong Tang , Fangqun Gan , Ying Guan and Xiaoxiao Lv EMAIL logo
Published/Copyright: December 31, 2019
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Open Chemistry
From the journal Open Chemistry Volume 17 Issue 1

Abstract

In this study, biochars derived from bagasse were prepared and their ability for the adsorption of four kinds of sulfonamide antibiotics (sulfamethoxazol, thiazole, methylpyrimidine, dimethylpyrimidine) was investigated. Results showed that the modified biochar can efficiently adsorb sulfonamides in water. The biochar obtained at 500oC and modified with 30% hydrogen peroxide was chosen as the adsorbent. Under optimum conditions, pH 4 and 35°C, great adsorption performance was exhibited in the adsorption process of the four sulfonamide antibiotics. The productivity of the modified biochar was ~ 89% compared to un-modified biochar which is ~31%. The successful preparation of biochar from bagasse indicates that it is a good way to reuse the resources. Besides the adsorption of antibiotics, the obtained material also has a great prospect in the removal of other pollutants.

Keywords: adsorption; antibiotics; bagasse; biochar

1 Introduction

Antibiotics, one of the pharmaceutical and personal care products (PPCPs), can remain in the environment for a long time due to their structural stability and environmental durability and can also cause great damage to water bodies [1, 2, 3]. At present, the removal of antibiotics in water mainly depends on conventional water treatment process [4]. The general municipal wastewater treatment plants both at home and abroad are designed and built for the removal of organic matter and some nutrients [5, 6, 7]. Therefore, the ability to remove antibiotics is limited. The traditional sewage treatment plant includes pre-treatment, primary stage treatment, two stages treatment system [8, 9] and a conditional sewage treatment plant will also start a three stages treatment program, such as chemical oxidation, activated carbon adsorption or ultraviolet oxidation [10, 11, 12]. The pre-treatment and primary stage treatment processes are aimed at removing organic suspension which is large and easy to settle. Hence, the antibiotics removal performance is not good. Therefore, the degradation of PPCPs is mainly in secondary treatment and tertiary treatment which all have the problems of high cost and low removal rate.

Biochar adsorbents have demonstrated excellent sorption capacity for pollutants due to their complex pore structures and good surface characteristics [13, 14]. At present, there are three widely used modification methods of biochar: physical, chemical and biological. Chemical modification can simultaneously improve the pore structure and surface chemical properties of adsorbent, thereby enhancing its adsorption capacity for the specific target[15, 16].

Bagasse is a by-product in the production of sugarcane. The residue of sugar cane can reach tens of millions of tons every year with most of the bagasse only being used as cheap fuel or being disregarded, causing great waste of resources [17, 18, 19, 20]. In theory, all organic matter with high content of carbon can be used in the preparation of biochar [21, 22]. But the cost is much higher when some organic matter, such as starch, is used to produce biochar [23, 24]. It is obviously not in accordance with the principle of best utilization of resources in present global resource scarcity. Therefore, the utilization of solid waste with high carbon content, such as straw, wood cutting waste branch, bagasse, sewage sludge, not only avoids environmental pollution, but can also generate new energy, forming a good strategy of waste recycling.

Herein, the authors report a biochar-based method for antibiotics removal in water. Derived from bagasse, the biochar is modified and then used as adsorbent to remove antibiotics. Great adsorption performance is observed in the process. The effects of various parameters including pH, temperature and antibiotic species were evaluated. The adsorption process was also modelled by kinetics models and isotherm models.

2 Materials and Methods

2.1 The preparation of biochar

Bagasse was collected from a shop selling Sugar cane juice. The collected bagasse was washed with tap water, naturally dried for 2 days, then transferred into the oven at 70oC for 12 hours. After that, the particle size was crushed to less than 2 cm by a grinder. The weighed sugar cane shredding was placed in a porcelain crucible wrapped with foil paper and covered with a lid. The crucible was then placed in a tubular carbonization furnace and heated at a rate of 10oC/min to reach the target temperature (300, 500 or 700oC), then maintained for 2 hours. After cooling to room temperature naturally, the product was weighed. Then the product was ground over 50 mesh sieves and treated with 1200 mL of 1.00 mol/L hydrochloric acid for 2 hours to remove calcium carbonate and other ash substances. After being filtered and adjusted pH value to neutral with distilled water washing, the product was put into the oven at 80oC for 24 hours, then transferred into a sample storage bottle for further use.

2.2 The modification of biochar

After preparation, the biochar obtained under different temperatures (300, 500 and 700oC) was modified. The modification of biochar was carried out using four kinds of oxidizers (concentrated sulfuric acid, concentrated nitric acid, 30% hydrogen peroxide, and 0.4mol/L potassium permanganate). Two modification methods (dipping and ultrasonic dipping) were adopted.

The dipping method was as follows: 11.25 g of washed biochar was first put into a 1000 mL beaker. Then, 400 mL of 30% oxidizer was added to the beaker to get full contact with biochar for 24 hours. Then the solid was filtered and washed to the neutral repeatedly. Finally, the solid was placed in the oven at 60oC for 12 h until it reached a constant weight.

The ultrasonic dipping method was as follows: 11.25 g of washed biochar was first put into the 1000 mL beaker. Then 400 mL of 30% oxidizer was added to the beaker to get full contact with biochar. After 10 minutes in an ultrasonic bath, the beaker was placed for 24 hours. The following procedure is the same with that of dipping method.

2.3 Adsorption study

All of the antibiotics adsorption experiments were performed by biochar in batch conditions. The adsorption efficiency was tested by adsorption of sulfonamides, one of the most commonly used antibiotics. The effects of various parameters including pH, temperature, and antibiotic species were evaluated. The productivity of biochar is calculated according to equation (1):

(1)productivity=mm0

where m is the obtained mass of modified biochar, m0 is the starting mass of raw biochar (11.25g). The adsorption capacity (qe) is calculated according to equation (2):

(2)qe=(C0−Ce)Vm

where C0 and Ce are the initial and final concentration of antibiotic in the solution (mg/L), respectively, V is the volume of antibiotic solution (mL), and m is the weight of the adsorbent (g). The removal efficiency of sulfonamides is calculated according to equation (3):

(3)removal efficiency(%)=C0−CtC0

where C0 and Ct represent the initial and final sulfonamide concentration (mg/L), respectively.

Ethical approval: The conducted research is not related to either human or animals use.

3 Results and discussion

3.1 The modification of biochar

According to Section 2.2, the biochar was modified with different oxidizers and two modification methods were investigated. Table 1 shows the mass of modified biochar obtained and productivity for the investigated parameters. It is clear that the highest productivity was achieved by the modification with 0.4 mol/L potassium permanganate. When the other oxidizers were used, smoke was released, which may be the reason for the lower productivity compared to potassium permanganate.

Table 1

The mass of modified biochar obtained and calculated productivity.

Modification methodOxidizerBurning temperature of carbon
300oC500oC700oC
m (g)productivitym (g)productivitym (g)productivity
Dippingconcentrated sulfuric acid7.062%6.659%8.0g71%
concentrated nitric acid0.87%12.0106%11.098%
30% hydrogen peroxide3.834%7.062%7.062%
0.4 mol/L potassium permanganate15.0133%15.0133%15.0133%
Ultrasonic dippingconcentrated sulfuric acid0.44%11.098%10.089%
concentrated nitric acid3.027%14.0124%11.098%
30 % hydrogen peroxide6.760%10.089%9.080%
0.4 mol/L potassium permanganate17.0151%15.0133%17.0151%

The FTIR spectra of biochar obtained at 300oC before and after modification are shown in Figure 1. The absorption peak at around 3450 cm-1 belongs to the stretching vibration of O-H in the carboxyl group or the hydroxyl group on the surface of biochar. The absorption peak at around 3150 cm-1 belongs to the stretching vibration of C-H, indicating that both the modified biochar and the parent biochar both have active C-H bonds. The two absorption peaks at around 1650 cm-1 are produced by the modification of the carbon oxygen double bond of the carboxyl group on the biochar. Figure 2 shows the FT-IR spectra of biochar obtained at 500oC before and after modification. The absorption peaks have a slight red shift at around 3450 cm-1, which belongs to the stretching vibration of O-H in the carboxyl group or the hydroxyl group, compared with that for biochar obtained at 300oC. The shift was ascribed to the increase of surface area, pore volume, surface carboxyl group, and phenol hydroxyl group of the biochar obtained at 500oC. The absorption peaks at around 3150 cm-1 nearly disappeared, indicating the decrease of the carboxyl group. Figure 3 shows the FT-IR spectra of biochar obtained at 700oC before and after modification. The observation was same with that of the biochar obtained at 500oC. All the results indicate that the modified biochar has larger specific surface area, well-developed pore structure and more functional groups. Many functional groups have aromatic electronic conjugated structure, which can act as a ligand to increase adsorption performance. Therefore, the biochar obtained at 500oC and modified with 30% hydrogen peroxide was chosen as the adsorbent in the following experiment.

Figure 1 FTIR spectra of biochar obtained at 300oC before and after modification (a. Dipping, b. Ultrasonic dipping).
Figure 1

FTIR spectra of biochar obtained at 300oC before and after modification (a. Dipping, b. Ultrasonic dipping).

Figure 2 FTIR spectra of biochar obtained at 500oC before and after modification (a. Dipping, b. Ultrasonic dipping).
Figure 2

FTIR spectra of biochar obtained at 500oC before and after modification (a. Dipping, b. Ultrasonic dipping).

Figure 3 FTIR spectra of biochar obtained at 700oC before and after modification (a. Dipping, b. Ultrasonic dipping).
Figure 3

FTIR spectra of biochar obtained at 700oC before and after modification (a. Dipping, b. Ultrasonic dipping).

3.2 The effect of pH

In the experiment, seven colorimetric tubes with a working volume of 50 mL were prepared, and then 10 mL solution containing 20 mg/L sulfonamides was added to each tube. The pH value was adjusted to 3.00, 4.00, 5.00, 6.00, 7.00, 8.00 or 9.00 by a HCl or NaOH solution. Then, 0.50 g of modified biochar was added to the prepared solution. Each suspension was oscillated for 24 hours under constant temperature at 25oC. After these operations, the solution was taken out, and the content of antibiotics was analyzed by chromatograpy. Then the concentrations of sulfonamides were analyzed to identify the effects of pH on the adsorption of pollutants over biochar.

Four kinds of sulfonamides (sulfamethoxazol, thiazole, methylpyrimidine, dimethylpyrimidine) were chosen to be the target pollutants. The removal efficiency of each pollutant over biochar under different pH values is shown in Table 2. It is clear that the effect of pH is minimal for the adsorption process of sulfamethoxazole, while other three substances were greatly affected. The removal efficiency increases slowly and then decrease rapidly with the increase of pH values. The experimental results are consistent with those previously reported in the literature [25, 26]. The total adsorption amount is shown in Figure 4 which indicates that the best adsorption capacity is achieved when the pH value is 4.

Figure 4 The total adsorption capacity of sulfonamides under different pH.
Figure 4

The total adsorption capacity of sulfonamides under different pH.

Table 2

The removal efficiency of different pollutants over biochar under different pH values.

pHSulfamethoxazolThiazoleMethylpyrimidinedimethylpyrimidineTotal
3.0099.66%78.86%60.14%65.66%85.88%
4.0099.55%79.56%70.67%73.50%88.48%
5.0099.48%80.35%66.50%68.57%87.26%
6.0099.60%78.15%62.48%65.35%85.95%
7.0099.66%79.04%65.80%66.69%86.75%
8.0099.52%52.71%34.19%47.31%75.32%
9.0099.81%32.33%19.46%30.02%67.47%

3.3 The effect of temperature

In the experiment, the procedure was similar to that described in Section 3.2. Five colorimetric tubes with a working volume of 50 mL were prepared, and 10 mL solution containing 20 mg/L sulfonamides was added to each tube. Then, 0.5 g of modified biochar was added, respectively. According to the results of section 3.2, pH value of the reactors is optimized to be 4. Then the reaction temperature of each reactor was designed to be 25, 35, 45, 60, 75oC, respectively. All other parameters were as described in Section 3.2.

Table 3 shows the removal efficiency of different pollutants over biochar under different temperatures. It is clear that temperature has little effect on the adsorption of sulfamethoxazole. The other three substances showed similar removal tendency that the removal efficiency increases with the increase of temperature. The total adsorption amount can be observed in Figure 5. The adsorption capacity increased with temperature and seemed to plateau at around 45oC.

Table 3

The removal efficiency of different pollutants over biochar under different temperatures.

Temperature(oC)SulfamethoxazolThiazoleMethylpyrimidineDimethylpyrimidine
1097.73%61.94%52.37%78.85%
2597.99%83.55%78.36%93.27%
4598.81%91.55%90.19%95.83%
6099.40%95.25%94.25%98.52%
7598.69%99.12%98.25%98.39%
Figure 5 The total adsorption capacity of sulfonamides under different temperature.
Figure 5

The total adsorption capacity of sulfonamides under different temperature.

3.4 Equilibrium adsorption modeling (kinetics and isotherms)

Based on the results of Section 3.2 and 3.3, the following experiments were carried out at a pH of 4 and at 35oC.

3.5 The kinetic models

In the experiment, four colorimetric tubes with a working volume of 50 mL each were prepaerd, and 10 mL solution containing 20 mg/L sulfonamides was added to each tube. Then, 0.5 g of modified biochar was added respectively. Each suspension was oscillated for 24 hours under the condition of constant temperature. After these operations, the solution was taken out at given sampling times (0, 5, 10, 20, 40, 60, 90, 120 and 180 minutes), then filtered. The concentration of sulfonamides was analyzed later.

Figure 6 shows the adsorption kinetics of different antibiotics. It is clear that the adsorption efficiency of the biochar to the sulfamethoxazol was more than 90%, and the adsorption efficiency of dimethylpyrimidine, thiazole, and methylpyrimidine reached 84.96±0.15%, 69.71±0.33% and 64.24±0.28% after 180 minutes. These adsorption efficiency are much higher than the traditional sand filter method, which is less than 50%.

Figure 6 Adsorption kinetics of different antibiotics.
Figure 6

Adsorption kinetics of different antibiotics.

3.6 The isotherm models

In the experiment, six colorimetric tubes with a working volume of 50 mL were prepared, and 0.5 g of modified biochar was added to each tube.. Then, 10 mL solution containing 8, 12, 16, 20, 30, 40 mg/L sulfonamides was added respectively. The reactors were oscillated for 24 hours under the condition of constant temperature at 25, 35, and 45oC, respectively. Then the solution was removed to detect the concentration of sulfonamides. From Figure 7, it can be seen clearly that for the four sulfonamides (sulfamethoxazol, thiazole, methylpyrimidine, dimethylpyrimidine), the best removal efficiency was achieved when the temperature was 35oC.

Figure 7 Adsorption isotherm of different antibiotics. (a) sulfamethoxazol; (b) thiazole; (c) methylpyrimidine; (d) dimethylpyrimidine.
Figure 7

Adsorption isotherm of different antibiotics. (a) sulfamethoxazol; (b) thiazole; (c) methylpyrimidine; (d) dimethylpyrimidine.

4 Conclusion

In summary, a method for producing biochar from bagasse is reported in this paper. The biochar was first obtained, then modified via different oxidizers and used as an adsorbent to remove sulfonamide antibiotics. The biochar obtained at 500oC and modified with 30% hydrogen peroxide was chosen as the adsorbent. The productivity of biochar obtained from bagasse is ~31% and the productivity of modified biochar reached ~89%. The modified biochar showed great adsorption performance toward sulfonamides in water. Under the optimum conditions of pH 4 and 35oC, an enhanced adsorption performance is exhibited for four sulfonamide antibiotics (sulfamethoxazol, thiazole, methylpyrimidine, dimethylpyrimidine). Besides the adsorption of antibiotics, the obtained material also has a great prospect in the removal of other pollutants.

Acknowledgements

This work was financially supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province, China (2016A030310022), the Pearl River S&T Nova Program of Guangzhou (201710010134), the Natural Science Fund for Colleges and Universities in Jiangsu Province (16KJB610003), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21507034), and the Opening Foundation of Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering (KF2014008).

  1. Conflict of interest: Authors declare no conflict of interest.

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Received: 2019-02-07
Accepted: 2019-07-19
Published Online: 2019-12-31

© 2019 Pinzhu Qin et al., published by De Gruyter

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Public License.

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  58. Simultaneous Quantification of the New Psychoactive Substances 3-FMC, 3-FPM, 4-CEC, and 4-BMC in Human Blood using GC-MS
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  60. Miscibility studies of polystyrene/polyvinyl chloride blend in presence of organoclay
  61. Antibacterial Activities of Transition Metal complexes of Mesocyclic Amidine 1,4-diazacycloheptane (DACH)
  62. Novel 1,8-Naphthyridine Derivatives: Design, Synthesis and in vitro screening of their cytotoxic activity against MCF7 cell line
  63. Investigation of Stress Corrosion Cracking Behaviour of Mg-Al-Zn Alloys in Different pH Environments by SSRT Method
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  69. The anti-corrosion behaviour of Satureja montana L. extract on iron in NaCl solution
  70. Interleukin-4, hemopexin, and lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 are significantly increased in patients with unstable carotid plaque
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  72. Conceptual DFT as a Novel Chemoinformatics Tool for Studying the Chemical Reactivity Properties of the Amatoxin Family of Fungal Peptides
  73. Occurrence of Aflatoxin M1 in Milk-based Mithae samples from Pakistan
  74. Kinetics of Iron Removal From Ti-Extraction Blast Furnace Slag by Chlorination Calcination
  75. Increasing the activity of DNAzyme based on the telomeric sequence: 2’-OMe-RNA and LNA modifications
  76. Exploring the optoelectronic properties of a chromene-appended pyrimidone derivative for photovoltaic applications
  77. Effect of He Qi San on DNA Methylation in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients with Phlegm-blood Stasis Syndrome
  78. Cyclodextrin potentiometric sensors based on selective recognition sites for procainamide: Comparative and theoretical study
  79. Greener synthesis of dimethyl carbonate from carbon dioxide and methanol using a tunable ionic liquid catalyst
  80. Nonisothermal Cold Crystallization Kinetics of Poly(lactic acid)/Bacterial Poly(hydroxyoctanoate) (PHO)/Talc
  81. Enhanced adsorption of sulfonamide antibiotics in water by modified biochar derived from bagasse
  82. Study on the Mechanism of Shugan Xiaozhi Fang on Cells with Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
  83. Comparative Effects of Salt and Alkali Stress on Antioxidant System in Cotton (Gossypium Hirsutum L.) Leaves
  84. Optimization of chromatographic systems for analysis of selected psychotropic drugs and their metabolites in serum and saliva by HPLC in order to monitor therapeutic drugs
  85. Electrocatalytic Properties of Ni-Doped BaFe12O19 for Oxygen Evolution in Alkaline Solution
  86. Study on the removal of high contents of ammonium from piggery wastewater by clinoptilolite and the corresponding mechanisms
  87. Phytochemistry and toxicological assessment of Bryonia dioica roots used in north-African alternative medicine
  88. The essential oil composition of selected Hemerocallis cultivars and their biological activity
  89. Mechanical Properties of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Nanocrystalline Nickel Composite Electroforming Deposit
  90. Anti-c-myc efficacy block EGFL7 induced prolactinoma tumorigenesis
  91. Topical Issue on Applications of Mathematics in Chemistry
  92. Zagreb Connection Number Index of Nanotubes and Regular Hexagonal Lattice
  93. The Sanskruti index of trees and unicyclic graphs
  94. Valency-based molecular descriptors of Bakelite network BNmn
  95. Computing Topological Indices for Para-Line Graphs of Anthracene
  96. Zagreb Polynomials and redefined Zagreb indices of Dendrimers and Polyomino Chains
  97. Topological Descriptor of 2-Dimensional Silicon Carbons and Their Applications
  98. Topological invariants for the line graphs of some classes of graphs
  99. Words for maximal Subgroups of Fi24‘
  100. Generators of Maximal Subgroups of Harada-Norton and some Linear Groups
  101. Special Issue on POKOCHA 2018
  102. Influence of Production Parameters on the Content of Polyphenolic Compounds in Extruded Porridge Enriched with Chokeberry Fruit (Aronia melanocarpa (Michx.) Elliott)
  103. Effects of Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Extraction (SC-CO2) on the content of tiliroside in the extracts from Tilia L. flowers
  104. Impact of xanthan gum addition on phenolic acids composition and selected properties of new gluten-free maize-field bean pasta
  105. Impact of storage temperature and time on Moldavian dragonhead oil – spectroscopic and chemometric analysis
  106. The effect of selected substances on the stability of standard solutions in voltammetric analysis of ascorbic acid in fruit juices
  107. Determination of the content of Pb, Cd, Cu, Zn in dairy products from various regions of Poland
  108. Special Issue on IC3PE 2018 Conference
  109. The Photocatalytic Activity of Zns-TiO2 on a Carbon Fiber Prepared by Chemical Bath Deposition
  110. N-octyl chitosan derivatives as amphiphilic carrier agents for herbicide formulations
  111. Kinetics and Mechanistic Study of Hydrolysis of Adenosine Monophosphate Disodium Salt (AMPNa2) in Acidic and Alkaline Media
  112. Antimalarial Activity of Andrographis Paniculata Ness‘s N-hexane Extract and Its Major Compounds
  113. Special Issue on ABB2018 Conference
  114. Special Issue on ICCESEN 2017
  115. Theoretical Diagnostics of Second and Third-order Hyperpolarizabilities of Several Acid Derivatives
  116. Determination of Gamma Rays Efficiency Against Rhizoctonia solani in Potatoes
  117. Studies On Compatibilization Of Recycled Polyethylene/Thermoplastic Starch Blends By Using Different Compatibilizer
  118. Liquid−Liquid Extraction of Linalool from Methyl Eugenol with 1-Ethyl-3-methylimidazolium Hydrogen Sulfate [EMIM][HSO4] Ionic Liquid
  119. Synthesis of Graphene Oxide Through Ultrasonic Assisted Electrochemical Exfoliation
  120. Special Issue on ISCMP 2018
  121. Synthesis and antiproliferative evaluation of some 1,4-naphthoquinone derivatives against human cervical cancer cells
  122. The influence of the grafted aryl groups on the solvation properties of the graphyne and graphdiyne - a MD study
  123. Electrochemical modification of platinum and glassy carbon surfaces with pyridine layers and their use as complexing agents for copper (II) ions
  124. Effect of Electrospinning Process on Total Antioxidant Activity of Electrospun Nanofibers Containing Grape Seed Extract
  125. Effect Of Thermal Treatment Of Trepel At Temperature Range 800-1200˚C
  126. Topical Issue on Agriculture
  127. The effect of Cladophora glomerata exudates on the amino acid composition of Cladophora fracta and Rhizoclonium sp.
  128. Influence of the Static Magnetic Field and Algal Extract on the Germination of Soybean Seeds
  129. The use of UV-induced fluorescence for the assessment of homogeneity of granular mixtures
  130. The use of microorganisms as bio-fertilizers in the cultivation of white lupine
  131. Lyophilized apples on flax oil and ethyl esters of flax oil - stability and antioxidant evaluation
  132. Production of phosphorus biofertilizer based on the renewable materials in large laboratory scale
  133. Human health risk assessment of potential toxic elements in paddy soil and rice (Oryza sativa) from Ugbawka fields, Enugu, Nigeria
  134. Recovery of phosphates(V) from wastewaters of different chemical composition
  135. Special Issue on the 4th Green Chemistry 2018
  136. Dead zone for hydrogenation of propylene reaction carried out on commercial catalyst pellets
  137. Improved thermally stable oligoetherols from 6-aminouracil, ethylene carbonate and boric acid
  138. The role of a chemical loop in removal of hazardous contaminants from coke oven wastewater during its treatment
  139. Combating paraben pollution in surface waters with a variety of photocatalyzed systems: Looking for the most efficient technology
  140. Special Issue on Chemistry Today for Tomorrow 2019
  141. Applying Discriminant and Cluster Analyses to Separate Allergenic from Non-allergenic Proteins
  142. Chemometric Expertise Of Clinical Monitoring Data Of Prolactinoma Patients
  143. Chemomertic Risk Assessment of Soil Pollution
  144. New composite sorbent for speciation analysis of soluble chromium in textiles
  145. Photocatalytic activity of NiFe2O4 and Zn0.5Ni0.5Fe2O4 modified by Eu(III) and Tb(III) for decomposition of Malachite Green
  146. Photophysical and antibacterial activity of light-activated quaternary eosin Y
  147. Spectral properties and biological activity of La(III) and Nd(III) Monensinates
  148. Special Issue on Monitoring, Risk Assessment and Sustainable Management for the Exposure to Environmental Toxins
  149. Soil organic carbon mineralization in relation to microbial dynamics in subtropical red soils dominated by differently sized aggregates
  150. A potential reusable fluorescent aptasensor based on magnetic nanoparticles for ochratoxin A analysis
  151. Special Issue on 13th JCC 2018
  152. Fluorescence study of 5-nitroisatin Schiff base immobilized on SBA-15 for sensing Fe3+
  153. Thermal and Morphology Properties of Cellulose Nanofiber from TEMPO-oxidized Lower part of Empty Fruit Bunches (LEFB)
  154. Encapsulation of Vitamin C in Sesame Liposomes: Computational and Experimental Studies
  155. A comparative study of the utilization of synthetic foaming agent and aluminum powder as pore-forming agents in lightweight geopolymer synthesis
  156. Synthesis of high surface area mesoporous silica SBA-15 by adjusting hydrothermal treatment time and the amount of polyvinyl alcohol
  157. Review of large-pore mesostructured cellular foam (MCF) silica and its applications
  158. Ion Exchange of Benzoate in Ni-Al-Benzoate Layered Double Hydroxide by Amoxicillin
  159. Synthesis And Characterization Of CoMo/Mordenite Catalyst For Hydrotreatment Of Lignin Compound Models
  160. Production of Biodiesel from Nyamplung (Calophyllum inophyllum L.) using Microwave with CaO Catalyst from Eggshell Waste: Optimization of Transesterification Process Parameters
  161. The Study of the Optical Properties of C60 Fullerene in Different Organic Solvents
  162. Composite Material Consisting of HKUST-1 and Indonesian Activated Natural Zeolite and its Application in CO2 Capture
  163. Topical Issue on Environmental Chemistry
  164. Ionic liquids modified cobalt/ZSM-5 as a highly efficient catalyst for enhancing the selectivity towards KA oil in the aerobic oxidation of cyclohexane
  165. Application of Thermal Resistant Gemini Surfactants in Highly Thixotropic Water-in-oil Drilling Fluid System
  166. Screening Study on Rheological Behavior and Phase Transition Point of Polymer-containing Fluids produced under the Oil Freezing Point Temperature
  167. The Chemical Softening Effect and Mechanism of Low Rank Coal Soaked in Alkaline Solution
  168. The Influence Of NO/O2 On The NOx Storage Properties Over A Pt-Ba-Ce/γ-Al2O3 Catalyst
  169. Special Issue on the International conference CosCI 2018
  170. Design of SiO2/TiO2 that Synergistically Increases The Hydrophobicity of Methyltrimethoxysilane Coated Glass
  171. Antidiabetes and Antioxidant agents from Clausena excavata root as medicinal plant of Myanmar
  172. Development of a Gold Immunochromatographic Assay Method Using Candida Biofilm Antigen as a Bioreceptor for Candidiasis in Rats
  173. Special Issue on Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology 2019
  174. Adsorption of copper ions on Magnolia officinalis residues after solid-phase fermentation with Phanerochaete chrysosporium
  175. Erratum
  176. Erratum to: Sand Dune Characterization For Preparing Metallurgical Grade Silicon
https://doi.org/10.1515/chem-2019-0141
Keywords for this article
adsorption; antibiotics; bagasse; biochar
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  109. The Photocatalytic Activity of Zns-TiO2 on a Carbon Fiber Prepared by Chemical Bath Deposition
  110. N-octyl chitosan derivatives as amphiphilic carrier agents for herbicide formulations
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  113. Special Issue on ABB2018 Conference
  114. Special Issue on ICCESEN 2017
  115. Theoretical Diagnostics of Second and Third-order Hyperpolarizabilities of Several Acid Derivatives
  116. Determination of Gamma Rays Efficiency Against Rhizoctonia solani in Potatoes
  117. Studies On Compatibilization Of Recycled Polyethylene/Thermoplastic Starch Blends By Using Different Compatibilizer
  118. Liquid−Liquid Extraction of Linalool from Methyl Eugenol with 1-Ethyl-3-methylimidazolium Hydrogen Sulfate [EMIM][HSO4] Ionic Liquid
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  120. Special Issue on ISCMP 2018
  121. Synthesis and antiproliferative evaluation of some 1,4-naphthoquinone derivatives against human cervical cancer cells
  122. The influence of the grafted aryl groups on the solvation properties of the graphyne and graphdiyne - a MD study
  123. Electrochemical modification of platinum and glassy carbon surfaces with pyridine layers and their use as complexing agents for copper (II) ions
  124. Effect of Electrospinning Process on Total Antioxidant Activity of Electrospun Nanofibers Containing Grape Seed Extract
  125. Effect Of Thermal Treatment Of Trepel At Temperature Range 800-1200˚C
  126. Topical Issue on Agriculture
  127. The effect of Cladophora glomerata exudates on the amino acid composition of Cladophora fracta and Rhizoclonium sp.
  128. Influence of the Static Magnetic Field and Algal Extract on the Germination of Soybean Seeds
  129. The use of UV-induced fluorescence for the assessment of homogeneity of granular mixtures
  130. The use of microorganisms as bio-fertilizers in the cultivation of white lupine
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  132. Production of phosphorus biofertilizer based on the renewable materials in large laboratory scale
  133. Human health risk assessment of potential toxic elements in paddy soil and rice (Oryza sativa) from Ugbawka fields, Enugu, Nigeria
  134. Recovery of phosphates(V) from wastewaters of different chemical composition
  135. Special Issue on the 4th Green Chemistry 2018
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  138. The role of a chemical loop in removal of hazardous contaminants from coke oven wastewater during its treatment
  139. Combating paraben pollution in surface waters with a variety of photocatalyzed systems: Looking for the most efficient technology
  140. Special Issue on Chemistry Today for Tomorrow 2019
  141. Applying Discriminant and Cluster Analyses to Separate Allergenic from Non-allergenic Proteins
  142. Chemometric Expertise Of Clinical Monitoring Data Of Prolactinoma Patients
  143. Chemomertic Risk Assessment of Soil Pollution
  144. New composite sorbent for speciation analysis of soluble chromium in textiles
  145. Photocatalytic activity of NiFe2O4 and Zn0.5Ni0.5Fe2O4 modified by Eu(III) and Tb(III) for decomposition of Malachite Green
  146. Photophysical and antibacterial activity of light-activated quaternary eosin Y
  147. Spectral properties and biological activity of La(III) and Nd(III) Monensinates
  148. Special Issue on Monitoring, Risk Assessment and Sustainable Management for the Exposure to Environmental Toxins
  149. Soil organic carbon mineralization in relation to microbial dynamics in subtropical red soils dominated by differently sized aggregates
  150. A potential reusable fluorescent aptasensor based on magnetic nanoparticles for ochratoxin A analysis
  151. Special Issue on 13th JCC 2018
  152. Fluorescence study of 5-nitroisatin Schiff base immobilized on SBA-15 for sensing Fe3+
  153. Thermal and Morphology Properties of Cellulose Nanofiber from TEMPO-oxidized Lower part of Empty Fruit Bunches (LEFB)
  154. Encapsulation of Vitamin C in Sesame Liposomes: Computational and Experimental Studies
  155. A comparative study of the utilization of synthetic foaming agent and aluminum powder as pore-forming agents in lightweight geopolymer synthesis
  156. Synthesis of high surface area mesoporous silica SBA-15 by adjusting hydrothermal treatment time and the amount of polyvinyl alcohol
  157. Review of large-pore mesostructured cellular foam (MCF) silica and its applications
  158. Ion Exchange of Benzoate in Ni-Al-Benzoate Layered Double Hydroxide by Amoxicillin
  159. Synthesis And Characterization Of CoMo/Mordenite Catalyst For Hydrotreatment Of Lignin Compound Models
  160. Production of Biodiesel from Nyamplung (Calophyllum inophyllum L.) using Microwave with CaO Catalyst from Eggshell Waste: Optimization of Transesterification Process Parameters
  161. The Study of the Optical Properties of C60 Fullerene in Different Organic Solvents
  162. Composite Material Consisting of HKUST-1 and Indonesian Activated Natural Zeolite and its Application in CO2 Capture
  163. Topical Issue on Environmental Chemistry
  164. Ionic liquids modified cobalt/ZSM-5 as a highly efficient catalyst for enhancing the selectivity towards KA oil in the aerobic oxidation of cyclohexane
  165. Application of Thermal Resistant Gemini Surfactants in Highly Thixotropic Water-in-oil Drilling Fluid System
  166. Screening Study on Rheological Behavior and Phase Transition Point of Polymer-containing Fluids produced under the Oil Freezing Point Temperature
  167. The Chemical Softening Effect and Mechanism of Low Rank Coal Soaked in Alkaline Solution
  168. The Influence Of NO/O2 On The NOx Storage Properties Over A Pt-Ba-Ce/γ-Al2O3 Catalyst
  169. Special Issue on the International conference CosCI 2018
  170. Design of SiO2/TiO2 that Synergistically Increases The Hydrophobicity of Methyltrimethoxysilane Coated Glass
  171. Antidiabetes and Antioxidant agents from Clausena excavata root as medicinal plant of Myanmar
  172. Development of a Gold Immunochromatographic Assay Method Using Candida Biofilm Antigen as a Bioreceptor for Candidiasis in Rats
  173. Special Issue on Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology 2019
  174. Adsorption of copper ions on Magnolia officinalis residues after solid-phase fermentation with Phanerochaete chrysosporium
  175. Erratum
  176. Erratum to: Sand Dune Characterization For Preparing Metallurgical Grade Silicon
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