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Extent and persistence of water repellency in two Iranian soils

  • Nasrollah Sepehrnia EMAIL logo , Mohammad Ali Hajabbasi , Majid Afyuni und Ľubomír Lichner
Veröffentlicht/Copyright: 23. November 2016
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Biologia
Aus der Zeitschrift Biologia Band 71 Heft 10

Abstract

Soil water repellency (SWR) can affect the hydrophysical properties of soils. The objective of this study was to evaluate a new approach, which allows estimating both the extent (the modified soil water repellency index, RIm) and persistence (the water repellency cessation time, WRCT) of water repellency from a single measurement of the combined infiltration of water against time. The measurements were carried out on wettable and water repellent soil samples from 0–60 cm depth. Combined soil water repellency index, RIc, was estimated from all the water and ethanol sorptivity values. The persistence of water repellency in soil aggregates (about 20 mm × 20 mm × 20 mm in size) was measured with the water drop penetration time (WDPT) test on both the field-moist aggregates (actual WDPT, A-WDPT) and aggregates dried at 65–70°C for 24 hours (potential WDPT, P-WDPT). In comparison with the wettable soil, hydrophysical parameters of the repellent soil were significantly different at the upper part of the profile (0–40 cm, P < 0.01), what can be attributed to the differences in organic matter content in both soils. Maximum organic matter (OM) content of the repellent soil was observed at the depth of 30–40 cm. Curiously, an insignificant difference between the studied soils was found in the saturated hydraulic conductivity, Ks. The mean values of A-WDPT and P-WDPT for water repellent soil were 438- and 106-times greater than those for wettable soil, respectively. All the water and ethanol sorptivities (Sw, Se, Sww, and Swh) were significantly (P < 0.01) greater in the wettable soil than those in the water repellent soil. The repellency indices RIc and RIm in water repellent soil were about seven- and two-times higher than those in the wettable soil, respectively. Our findings pointed out the proposed method to estimate SWR can be used as a new approach. Considering that the contact angle (CA) of soil and water intrinsically depends on sorptivity state, it is suggested that the relation of CA and RIm is investigated to find reference classes for WRCT and RIm (i.e. WDPT > 5 s) and to classify water repellency states of soils.

Keywords: infiltration; repellency index; soil; sorptivity; water drop penetration time; water repellency; water repellency cessation time

Acknowledgements

This contribution was supported by the Isfahan University of Technology, Iran and the Scientific Grant Agency VEGA Project No. 2/0054/14.

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Received: 2016-3-22
Accepted: 2016-5-24
Published Online: 2016-11-23
Published in Print: 2016-10-1

© 2016 Institute of Botany, Slovak Academy of Sciences

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https://doi.org/10.1515/biolog-2016-0135
Schlagwörter für diesen Artikel
infiltration; repellency index; soil; sorptivity; water drop penetration time; water repellency; water repellency cessation time

Artikel in diesem Heft

  1. Section Cellular and Molecular Biology
  2. Pigments from fungi, an opportunity of production for diverse applications
  3. Section Zoology
  4. Morphological view on the evolution of the immunity and lymphoid organs of vertebrates, focused on thymus
  5. Section Cellular and Molecular Biology
  6. p53-Fibrinolytic system and acute lung injury
  7. Section Cellular and Molecular Biology
  8. The multipotent action of electromagnetic field
  9. Section Cellular and Molecular Biology
  10. Prescreening, identification and harvesting of microalgae with antibacterial activity
  11. Section Botany
  12. Cloning and molecular characterization of Myb transcription factors from Leymus (Poaceae: Trticeae)
  13. Section Botany
  14. Hydrological soil behavior in areas with semi-arid vegetation (Beni Chougrane Mountains, Algeria)
  15. Section Botany
  16. Extent and persistence of water repellency in two Iranian soils
  17. Section Botany
  18. The impact of the permanent grass cover or conventional tillage on hydraulic properties of Haplic Cambisol developed on paragneiss substrate
  19. Section Zoology
  20. Species composition of tetranychoid mites (Acari: Trombidiformes: Prostigmata: Tetranychoidea) in main landscapes of Tehran and modelling ecological niche of Tetranychoidea in main climates of Tehran Province, Iran
  21. Section Zoology
  22. Abiotic factors affect the occurrence of different morphological characteristics in Erebia medusa (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae)
  23. Section Zoology
  24. Comparison of molecular and morphometric analysis in species discrimination of larvae among five cyprinids from the subfamily Leuciscinae: A tool for sustainable conservation of riverine ichthyofauna
  25. Section Zoology
  26. Values of three branched plasma amino acids of farmed rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss
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