Startseite A case of IgA nephropathy treated with a combination of telitacicept and half-dose glucocorticoids
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A case of IgA nephropathy treated with a combination of telitacicept and half-dose glucocorticoids

  • Suojian Zhang , Di Yin , Qin Xu , Caixia Zhao , Jianmei Sha , Zhenguo Qiao EMAIL logo und Juan Cao EMAIL logo
Veröffentlicht/Copyright: 28. August 2025
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Open Life Sciences
Aus der Zeitschrift Open Life Sciences Band 20 Heft 1

Abstract

Immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN) is the most common primary glomerular disease in China; there is an urgent need to identify more effective treatments for IgAN. A 34-year-old woman presented with proteinuria of >2 years’ duration. She was diagnosed with IgA nephropathy and was treated with a combination of telitacicept and half-dose glucocorticoids. At the time of writing, the patient’s urinary protein concentration and renal function were normal. A combination of telitacicept and half-dose glucocorticoids is an effective way to treat IgAN.

Keywords: IgAN nephropathy; telitacicept; half-dose glucocorticoids

1 Introduction

Immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN) is the most common primary glomerular disease in China. According to the results of a study performed at the General Hospital of Eastern Theater Command, IgAN accounts for 52.66% of cases of primary nephropathy [1]. Furthermore, the study showed an increase in the incidence of IgAN over the previous decade [1]. Approximately 30–40% of patients with IgAN develop renal failure within 20–30 years of developing the condition [2]. Therefore, there is an urgent need to identify more effective treatments for IgAN. A recent phase II clinical study of the treatment of IgAN with telitacicept showed that 240 mg reduced proteinuria by 49% and 160 mg reduced proteinuria by 25% vs placebo [3]. Here, we report the treatment of a patient with IgAN using methylprednisolone 24 mg/day in combination with telitacicept 160 mg weekly, which achieved good results. This treatment was approved by the ethics committee of our hospital.

2 Case presentation

A 34-year-old woman presented with proteinuria of >2 years’ duration. In 2021, the patient was found to have protein in her urine, but no edema, and no action was taken. Subsequently, her urine protein continued to be positive, and her urine albumin/creatinine ratio (ACR) was 1,506 mg/g in July 2023. She had no previous history of significant ill health. Laboratory testing revealed urine protein 2+, urine red blood cell count 66/μL, 24-h urine protein 2,941 mg, hemoglobin 141 g/L, serum C-reactive protein 1.49 mg/L, serum albumin 41.5 g/L, serum creatinine 90 μmol/L, IgA 3.43 g/L, IgG 0.872 g/L, and IgM 3.47 g/L. Her liver enzymes, serum lipid concentrations, blood glucose, and serum uric acid were normal. She was negative for autoantibodies, anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies, antibodies to the phospholipase A2 receptor (PLA2R), HBV, HCV, and HIV. B-mode ultrasonography showed that her right and left kidneys were 93 mm × 39 mm × 11 mm and 101 mm × 46 mm × 14 mm in size, respectively. Chest computed tomography and electrocardiography showed no abnormalities.

Renal biopsy was performed on July 15, 2023. Immunofluorescence revealed that the five glomeruli were IgG−, IgA+++, IgM++, C3+−, C1q−, and FRA−. These antibodies were present in the mesangial area as granular masses (Figure 1a). Light microscopy showed that there were 15 glomeruli in the specimen, 5 of which showed glomerulosclerosis and 1 of which showed segmental sclerosis with balloon adhesion, mild diffuse proliferation of glomerular mesangial cells and matrix, and focal segmental lesions, but no endothelial cell proliferation. There were also severe tubulointerstitial lesions, multiple foci of atrophy of the renal tubules, granular or vacuolar degeneration of tubular epithelial cells, flat or necrotic exfoliation or regeneration of segmental renal tubular epithelial cells, occasional exposure of the renal tubular basement membrane, and large numbers of protein casts and red blood cells, as well as a lot of cell debris in the lumen. Multifocal mononuclear cell infiltration with fibrous connective tissue hyperplasia was apparent in 55% of the renal interstitium (Figure 1b–e). Transmission electron microscope observed electron-dense mesangial deposits (Figure 1f). The clinical and fluorescence and light microscopic findings were consistent with a diagnosis of focal proliferative sclerosing IgAN (Hass grade III; Oxford classification: M1E0S1T2C0).

Figure 1 Renal pathological results of this patient. (a) Immunofluorescence staining of biopsied renal tissue showed the positive IgA deposition in the mesangial area (×400). (b) PAS staining exhibited mild mesangial proliferation in the glomerulus (×400). (c) PAS staining showed afferent and efferent arteriolar hyalinosis (×400). (d) PASM staining showed the glomeruli with segmental glomerulosclerosis (×400). (e) Masson trichrome staining showed obvious tubulointerstitial fibrosis (blue stained, ×100). (f) Transmission electron microscope observed electron-dense mesangial deposits (×15,00).
Figure 1

Renal pathological results of this patient. (a) Immunofluorescence staining of biopsied renal tissue showed the positive IgA deposition in the mesangial area (×400). (b) PAS staining exhibited mild mesangial proliferation in the glomerulus (×400). (c) PAS staining showed afferent and efferent arteriolar hyalinosis (×400). (d) PASM staining showed the glomeruli with segmental glomerulosclerosis (×400). (e) Masson trichrome staining showed obvious tubulointerstitial fibrosis (blue stained, ×100). (f) Transmission electron microscope observed electron-dense mesangial deposits (×15,00).

Treatment of the patient commenced on July 19, 2023, in the form of a subcutaneous injection of telitacicept 160 mg weekly, and oral methylprednisolone 20 mg/day and valsartan 80 mg/day. By January 3, 2020, a 24-week course of treatment had been completed, and the regimen was changed to telitacicept 160 mg every 15 days and methylprednisolone 4 mg/day for maintenance. At the time of writing, the patient’s urinary protein concentration and renal function were normal. Her serum creatinine, plasma albumin, 24-h urinary protein, urinary ACR, and urine red blood cell counts are shown in Figure 2. Lymphocyte counts are shown in Figure 3.

Figure 2 Serum creatinine, albumin, urine albumin creatinine ratio (ACR), 24-hour urine protein and urine red blood cell counts. (a) Serum creatinine remained relatively stable. (b) Serum albumin showed an increasing trend. (c) ACR showed a decreasing trend. (d) 24-hour urine protein showed a decreasing trend. (e) Urine red blood cells showed a decreasing trend.
Figure 2

Serum creatinine, albumin, urine albumin creatinine ratio (ACR), 24-hour urine protein and urine red blood cell counts. (a) Serum creatinine remained relatively stable. (b) Serum albumin showed an increasing trend. (c) ACR showed a decreasing trend. (d) 24-hour urine protein showed a decreasing trend. (e) Urine red blood cells showed a decreasing trend.

Figure 3 Lymphocyte counts during treatment.
Figure 3

Lymphocyte counts during treatment.

  1. Informed consent: Informed consent has been obtained from all individuals included in this study.

  2. Ethical approval: The research related to human use has been complied with all the relevant national regulations and institutional policies and in accordance with the tenets of the Helsinki Declaration and has been approved by the authors’ institutional review board or equivalent committee.

3 Discussion

IgAN is a common primary glomerular disease with various clinical manifestations. Persistent massive proteinuria, hypertension, pathological changes, and renal dysfunction are risk factors for a poor prognosis [4]. At the time of admission, the patient had moderate proteinuria (urine protein 2,941 mg/day) and a relatively high serum creatinine concentration. Although her blood pressure was normal at the time, her renal pathology was severe, involving global sclerosis in 5 of 15 glomeruli, and segmental sclerosis with balloon adhesion in another, accompanied by multifocal mononuclear cell infiltration and fibrous connective tissue hyperplasia covering 55% of the renal interstitium. Without treatment, the prognosis of this patient would have been relatively poor.

At present, the pathogenesis of IgAN is not fully characterized, but the “four-hit theory” is generally accepted. The first of these is the production of galactose-deficient IgA1 (Gd-IgA1) and the activation of B cells to produce IgG or IgA antibodies against Gd-IgA1. This antibody binds to Gd-IgA1 to form a circulating immune complex, which is eventually deposited in the mesangium, where it activates the complement cascade and the inflammatory response, leading to kidney injury [5]. Therefore, the targeting of Gd-IgA1 and antibody production represents a promising method of treatment.

In the TESTING study, patients diagnosed with IgA nephropathy were administered glucocorticoids at a dosage of 0.6–0.8 mg/kg per day. Notably, compared to the placebo group, those in the glucocorticoid group exhibited significantly higher rates of both complete and partial remission, underscoring the efficacy of this treatment approach. However, during an average follow-up period of 19.7 months (ranging from 9.2 to 30.1 months) within the glucocorticoids group, a concerning 11% of patients experienced serious adverse events, particularly infections [6]. In our daily clinical practice, we frequently encounter individuals with IgA nephropathy whose proteinuria levels fail to decrease consistently. When treated with standard doses of glucocorticoids in conjunction with immunosuppressants, these patients are more susceptible to recurrent and even severe infections. This susceptibility complicates their treatment regimen and, unfortunately, accelerates the progression of their disease. A randomized controlled study showed that rituximab is an effective means of eliminating B cells but fails to reduce the Gd-IgA1 and Gd-IgA1 antibody titers and does not reduce the proteinuria of patients with IgAN, indicating that it is not an effective treatment for IgAN [7]. Budesonide has shown promising therapeutic effects in IgA nephropathy by significantly lowering serum levels of Gd-IgA1 and inhibiting the production of pathogenic antibodies [8]. However, this drug was not yet available when she was diagnosed with IgA nephropathy. B lymphocyte stimulator (BLyS) and A proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL) are two key mediators of B-cell maturation and activation [9], and telitacicept inhibits the further development and maturation of immature B cells by blocking BLyS and inhibiting the differentiation of mature B cells into plasma cells by blocking APRIL, and affecting the secretion of autoreactive plasma cell autoantibodies, and inhibiting Gd-IgA1 and anti-Gd-IgA1 antibodies, thereby reducing immune complex deposition in the kidneys, breaking the immune activation cycle in chronic inflammation, and mitigating continuous kidney damage, thereby controlling disease activity [10,11]. The phase II clinical study conducted by Lv et al. showed that telitacicept 240 and 160 mg reduce proteinuria by 49 and 25%, respectively, vs placebo [3]. For the present patient, we administered a combination of a half-dose of methylprednisolone and telitacicept therapy to reduce the side effects associated with a full dose of the steroid and the required dose of telitacicept, thereby reducing the economical burden on the patient. The patient was relatively young, and after some discussion, she agreed to be treated using telitacicept, and was administered a half dose of methylprednisolone (24 mg/day) in combination with telitacicept 160 mg/day, in addition to valsartan 80 mg/day, which had a good therapeutic effect. After 6 months of treatment, the patient had achieved complete remission, and her telitacicept regimen was changed to 160 mg every 2 weeks. After 8 months, she remained in complete remission, her plasma albumin concentration had gradually increased, and her serum creatinine concentration was stable. During the entire follow-up period, the patient’s lymphocyte count was stable, with no significant decline, and she did not experience any infections. In the future, we plan to study the efficacy of telitacicept in combination with a half-dose of glucocorticoid for the treatment of IgAN in additional patients.

# Suojian Zhang and Di Yin contributed equally to this article.

Acknowledgments

We thank Mark Cleasby, PhD, from Liwen Bianji (Edanz) (www.liwenbianji.cn) for editing the English text of a draft of this manuscript.

  1. Funding information: This work was supported by the Fund Project of Taixing People’s Hospital Under Grant (try2101) and the Doctoral Specialized Research Project of Taixing People’s Hospital (trybs2023002).

  2. Author contributions: All authors contributed to the study conception and design. SJZ, QX, and CXZ contributed to data collection, collation, and analysis. DY and JMS searched the literature. The first draft of the manuscript was written by SJZ and DY; JC and ZGQ were responsible for supervision, writing, reviewing, and editing.

  3. Conflict of interest: Authors state no conflict of interest.

  4. Data availability statement: The datasets generated during and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

References

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Received: 2025-04-21
Revised: 2025-07-03
Accepted: 2025-07-11
Published Online: 2025-08-28

© 2025 the author(s), published by De Gruyter

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

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  154. Agriculture
  155. Integrated analysis of transcriptome, sRNAome, and degradome involved in the drought-response of maize Zhengdan958
  156. Variation in flower frost tolerance among seven apple cultivars and transcriptome response patterns in two contrastingly frost-tolerant selected cultivars
  157. Heritability of durable resistance to stripe rust in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)
  158. Molecular mechanism of follicular development in laying hens based on the regulation of water metabolism
  159. Animal Science
  160. Effect of sex ratio on the life history traits of an important invasive species, Spodoptera frugiperda
  161. Plant Sciences
  162. Hairpin in a haystack: In silico identification and characterization of plant-conserved microRNA in Rafflesiaceae
  163. Widely targeted metabolomics of different tissues in Rubus corchorifolius
  164. The complete chloroplast genome of Gerbera piloselloides (L.) Cass., 1820 (Carduoideae, Asteraceae) and its phylogenetic analysis
  165. Field trial to correlate mineral solubilization activity of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and biochemical content of groundnut plants
  166. Correlation analysis between semen routine parameters and sperm DNA fragmentation index in patients with semen non-liquefaction: A retrospective study
  167. Plasticity of the anatomical traits of Rhododendron L. (Ericaceae) leaves and its implications in adaptation to the plateau environment
  168. Effects of Piriformospora indica and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus on growth and physiology of Moringa oleifera under low-temperature stress
  169. Effects of different sources of potassium fertiliser on yield, fruit quality and nutrient absorption in “Harward” kiwifruit (Actinidia deliciosa)
  170. Comparative efficiency and residue levels of spraying programs against powdery mildew in grape varieties
  171. The DREB7 transcription factor enhances salt tolerance in soybean plants under salt stress
  172. Using plant electrical signals of water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) for water pollution monitoring
  173. Food Science
  174. Phytochemical analysis of Stachys iva: Discovering the optimal extract conditions and its bioactive compounds
  175. Review on role of honey in disease prevention and treatment through modulation of biological activities
  176. Computational analysis of polymorphic residues in maltose and maltotriose transporters of a wild Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain
  177. Optimization of phenolic compound extraction from Tunisian squash by-products: A sustainable approach for antioxidant and antibacterial applications
  178. Liupao tea aqueous extract alleviates dextran sulfate sodium-induced ulcerative colitis in rats by modulating the gut microbiota
  179. Toxicological qualities and detoxification trends of fruit by-products for valorization: A review
  180. Polyphenolic spectrum of cornelian cherry fruits and their health-promoting effect
  181. Optimizing the encapsulation of the refined extract of squash peels for functional food applications: A sustainable approach to reduce food waste
  182. Advancements in curcuminoid formulations: An update on bioavailability enhancement strategies curcuminoid bioavailability and formulations
  183. Impact of saline sprouting on antioxidant properties and bioactive compounds in chia seeds
  184. The dilemma of food genetics and improvement
  185. Bioengineering and Biotechnology
  186. Impact of hyaluronic acid-modified hafnium metalorganic frameworks containing rhynchophylline on Alzheimer’s disease
  187. Emerging patterns in nanoparticle-based therapeutic approaches for rheumatoid arthritis: A comprehensive bibliometric and visual analysis spanning two decades
  188. Application of CRISPR/Cas gene editing for infectious disease control in poultry
  189. Preparation of hafnium nitride-coated titanium implants by magnetron sputtering technology and evaluation of their antibacterial properties and biocompatibility
  190. Preparation and characterization of lemongrass oil nanoemulsion: Antimicrobial, antibiofilm, antioxidant, and anticancer activities
  191. Corrigendum
  192. Corrigendum to “Utilization of convolutional neural networks to analyze microscopic images for high-throughput screening of mesenchymal stem cells”
  193. Corrigendum to “Effects of Ire1 gene on virulence and pathogenicity of Candida albicans”
https://doi.org/10.1515/biol-2025-1158
Schlagwörter für diesen Artikel
IgAN nephropathy; telitacicept; half-dose glucocorticoids
Creative Commons
BY 4.0

Artikel in diesem Heft

  1. Biomedical Sciences
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  4. Comparative analysis of inflammatory biomarkers for the diagnosis of neonatal sepsis: IL-6, IL-8, SAA, CRP, and PCT
  5. Post-pandemic insights on COVID-19 and premature ovarian insufficiency
  6. Proteome differences of dental stem cells between permanent and deciduous teeth by data-independent acquisition proteomics
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  8. Preliminary analysis of the role of small hepatitis B surface proteins mutations in the pathogenesis of occult hepatitis B infection via the endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced UPR-ERAD pathway
  9. Efficacy of alginate-coated gold nanoparticles against antibiotics-resistant Staphylococcus and Streptococcus pathogens of acne origins
  10. Battling COVID-19 leveraging nanobiotechnology: Gold and silver nanoparticle–B-escin conjugates as SARS-CoV-2 inhibitors
  11. Neurodegenerative diseases and neuroinflammation-induced apoptosis
  12. Impact of fracture fixation surgery on cognitive function and the gut microbiota in mice with a history of stroke
  13. COLEC10: A potential tumor suppressor and prognostic biomarker in hepatocellular carcinoma through modulation of EMT and PI3K-AKT pathways
  14. High-temperature requirement serine protease A2 inhibitor UCF-101 ameliorates damaged neurons in traumatic brain-injured rats by the AMPK/NF-κB pathway
  15. SIK1 inhibits IL-1β-stimulated cartilage apoptosis and inflammation in vitro through the CRTC2/CREB1 signaling
  16. Rutin–chitooligosaccharide complex: Comprehensive evaluation of its anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties in vitro and in vivo
  17. Knockdown of Aurora kinase B alleviates high glucose-triggered trophoblast cells damage and inflammation during gestational diabetes
  18. Calcium-sensing receptors promoted Homer1 expression and osteogenic differentiation in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells
  19. ABI3BP can inhibit the proliferation, invasion, and epithelial–mesenchymal transition of non-small-cell lung cancer cells
  20. Changes in blood glucose and metabolism in hyperuricemia mice
  21. Rapid detection of the GJB2 c.235delC mutation based on CRISPR-Cas13a combined with lateral flow dipstick
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  23. Short-chain fatty acid attenuates intestinal inflammation by regulation of gut microbial composition in antibiotic-associated diarrhea
  24. Application of metagenomic next-generation sequencing in the diagnosis of pathogens in patients with diabetes complicated by community-acquired pneumonia
  25. NAT10 promotes radiotherapy resistance in non-small cell lung cancer by regulating KPNB1-mediated PD-L1 nuclear translocation
  26. Phytol-mixed micelles alleviate dexamethasone-induced osteoporosis in zebrafish: Activation of the MMP3–OPN–MAPK pathway-mediating bone remodeling
  27. Association between TGF-β1 and β-catenin expression in the vaginal wall of patients with pelvic organ prolapse
  28. Primary pleomorphic liposarcoma involving bilateral ovaries: Case report and literature review
  29. Effects of de novo donor-specific Class I and II antibodies on graft outcomes after liver transplantation: A pilot cohort study
  30. Sleep architecture in Alzheimer’s disease continuum: The deep sleep question
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  38. Stigmasterol alleviates endplate chondrocyte degeneration through inducing mitophagy by enhancing PINK1 mRNA acetylation via the ESR1/NAT10 axis
  39. AKAP12, mediated by transcription factor 21, inhibits cell proliferation, metastasis, and glycolysis in lung squamous cell carcinoma
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  42. Case of nasopharyngeal tuberculosis complicated with cervical lymph node and pulmonary tuberculosis
  43. p-Cymene inhibits pro-fibrotic and inflammatory mediators to prevent hepatic dysfunction
  44. GFPT2 promotes paclitaxel resistance in epithelial ovarian cancer cells via activating NF-κB signaling pathway
  45. Transfer RNA-derived fragment tRF-36 modulates varicose vein progression via human vascular smooth muscle cell Notch signaling
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  47. Decreased serum TIMP4 levels in patients with rheumatoid arthritis
  48. Sirt1 protects lupus nephritis by inhibiting the NLRP3 signaling pathway in human glomerular mesangial cells
  49. Sodium butyrate aids brain injury repair in neonatal rats
  50. Interaction of MTHFR polymorphism with PAX1 methylation in cervical cancer
  51. Convallatoxin inhibits proliferation and angiogenesis of glioma cells via regulating JAK/STAT3 pathway
  52. The effect of the PKR inhibitor, 2-aminopurine, on the replication of influenza A virus, and segment 8 mRNA splicing
  53. Effects of Ire1 gene on virulence and pathogenicity of Candida albicans
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  55. GRB14: A prognostic biomarker driving tumor progression in gastric cancer through the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway by interacting with COBLL1
  56. 15-Lipoxygenase-2 deficiency induces foam cell formation that can be restored by salidroside through the inhibition of arachidonic acid effects
  57. FTO alleviated the diabetic nephropathy progression by regulating the N6-methyladenosine levels of DACT1
  58. Clinical relevance of inflammatory markers in the evaluation of severity of ulcerative colitis: A retrospective study
  59. Zinc valproic acid complex promotes osteoblast differentiation and exhibits anti-osteoporotic potential
  60. Primary pulmonary synovial sarcoma in the bronchial cavity: A case report
  61. Metagenomic next-generation sequencing of alveolar lavage fluid improves the detection of pulmonary infection
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  63. Genomic analysis of a novel ST11(PR34365) Clostridioides difficile strain isolated from the human fecal of a CDI patient in Guizhou, China
  64. Effects of tiered cardiac rehabilitation on CRP, TNF-α, and physical endurance in older adults with coronary heart disease
  65. Changes in T-lymphocyte subpopulations in patients with colorectal cancer before and after acupoint catgut embedding acupuncture observation
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  67. Alterations of metabolites related to microbiota–gut–brain axis in plasma of colon cancer, esophageal cancer, stomach cancer, and lung cancer patients
  68. Research on individualized drug sensitivity detection technology based on bio-3D printing technology for precision treatment of gastrointestinal stromal tumors
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  74. Research progress on the regulation of autophagy in cardiovascular diseases by chemokines
  75. Anti-arthritic, immunomodulatory, and inflammatory regulation by the benzimidazole derivative BMZ-AD: Insights from an FCA-induced rat model
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  80. Fabrication of zinc oxide nanoparticles using Ruellia tuberosa leaf extract induces apoptosis through P53 and STAT3 signalling pathways in prostate cancer cells
  81. Haplo-hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and immunoradiotherapy for severe aplastic anemia complicated with nasopharyngeal carcinoma: A case report
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  91. Artesunate inhibits hepatocellular carcinoma cell migration and invasion through OGA-mediated O-GlcNAcylation of ZEB1
  92. Endovascular management of post-pancreatectomy hemorrhage caused by a hepatic artery pseudoaneurysm: Case report and review of the literature
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  95. Overexpression of the ferroptosis-related gene, NFS1, corresponds to gastric cancer growth and tumor immune infiltration
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  117. ADH5 inhibits proliferation but promotes EMT in non-small cell lung cancer cell through activating Smad2/Smad3
  118. Apoptotic efficacies of AgNPs formulated by Syzygium aromaticum leaf extract on 32D-FLT3-ITD human leukemia cell line with PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway
  119. Novel cuproptosis-related genes C1QBP and PFKP identified as prognostic and therapeutic targets in lung adenocarcinoma
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  124. RFX5 promotes the growth, motility, and inhibits apoptosis of gastric adenocarcinoma cells through the SIRT1/AMPK axis
  125. ALKBH5 exacerbates early cardiac damage after radiotherapy for breast cancer via m6A demethylation of TLR4
  126. Phytochemicals of Roman chamomile: Antioxidant, anti-aging, and whitening activities of distillation residues
  127. Circadian gene Cry1 inhibits the tumorigenicity of hepatocellular carcinoma by the BAX/BCL2-mediated apoptosis pathway
  128. The TNFR-RIPK1/RIPK3 signalling pathway mediates the effect of lanthanum on necroptosis of nerve cells
  129. Longitudinal monitoring of autoantibody dynamics in patients with early-stage non-small-cell lung cancer undergoing surgery
  130. The potential role of rutin, a flavonoid, in the management of cancer through modulation of cell signaling pathways
  131. Construction of pectinase gene engineering microbe and its application in tobacco sheets
  132. Construction of a microbial abundance prognostic scoring model based on intratumoral microbial data for predicting the prognosis of lung squamous cell carcinoma
  133. Sepsis complicated by haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis triggered by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and human herpesvirus 8 in an immunocompromised elderly patient: A case report
  134. Sarcopenia in liver transplantation: A comprehensive bibliometric study of current research trends and future directions
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  136. Can coronavirus disease 2019 affect male fertility or cause spontaneous abortion? A two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis
  137. Heat stroke associated with novel leukaemia inhibitory factor receptor gene variant in a Chinese infant
  138. PSME2 exacerbates ulcerative colitis by disrupting intestinal barrier function and promoting autophagy-dependent inflammation
  139. Hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state with severe hypernatremia coexisting with central diabetes insipidus: A case report and literature review
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  144. The complete mitochondrial genome analysis of Haemaphysalis hystricis Supino, 1897 (Ixodida: Ixodidae) and its phylogenetic implications
  145. Epidemiological characteristics and risk factors analysis of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis among tuberculosis population in Huzhou City, Eastern China
  146. Indices of human impacts on landscapes: How do they reflect the proportions of natural habitats?
  147. Genetic analysis of the Siberian flying squirrel population in the northern Changbai Mountains, Northeast China: Insights into population status and conservation
  148. Diversity and environmental drivers of Suillus communities in Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica forests of Inner Mongolia
  149. Global assessment of the fate of nitrogen deposition in forest ecosystems: Insights from 15N tracer studies
  150. Fungal and bacterial pathogenic co-infections mainly lead to the assembly of microbial community in tobacco stems
  151. Influencing of coal industry related airborne particulate matter on ocular surface tear film injury and inflammatory factor expression in Sprague-Dawley rats
  152. Temperature-dependent development, predation, and life table of Sphaerophoria macrogaster (Thomson) (Diptera: Syrphidae) feeding on Myzus persicae (Sulzer) (Homoptera: Aphididae)
  153. Eleonora’s falcon trophic interactions with insects within its breeding range: A systematic review
  154. Agriculture
  155. Integrated analysis of transcriptome, sRNAome, and degradome involved in the drought-response of maize Zhengdan958
  156. Variation in flower frost tolerance among seven apple cultivars and transcriptome response patterns in two contrastingly frost-tolerant selected cultivars
  157. Heritability of durable resistance to stripe rust in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)
  158. Molecular mechanism of follicular development in laying hens based on the regulation of water metabolism
  159. Animal Science
  160. Effect of sex ratio on the life history traits of an important invasive species, Spodoptera frugiperda
  161. Plant Sciences
  162. Hairpin in a haystack: In silico identification and characterization of plant-conserved microRNA in Rafflesiaceae
  163. Widely targeted metabolomics of different tissues in Rubus corchorifolius
  164. The complete chloroplast genome of Gerbera piloselloides (L.) Cass., 1820 (Carduoideae, Asteraceae) and its phylogenetic analysis
  165. Field trial to correlate mineral solubilization activity of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and biochemical content of groundnut plants
  166. Correlation analysis between semen routine parameters and sperm DNA fragmentation index in patients with semen non-liquefaction: A retrospective study
  167. Plasticity of the anatomical traits of Rhododendron L. (Ericaceae) leaves and its implications in adaptation to the plateau environment
  168. Effects of Piriformospora indica and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus on growth and physiology of Moringa oleifera under low-temperature stress
  169. Effects of different sources of potassium fertiliser on yield, fruit quality and nutrient absorption in “Harward” kiwifruit (Actinidia deliciosa)
  170. Comparative efficiency and residue levels of spraying programs against powdery mildew in grape varieties
  171. The DREB7 transcription factor enhances salt tolerance in soybean plants under salt stress
  172. Using plant electrical signals of water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) for water pollution monitoring
  173. Food Science
  174. Phytochemical analysis of Stachys iva: Discovering the optimal extract conditions and its bioactive compounds
  175. Review on role of honey in disease prevention and treatment through modulation of biological activities
  176. Computational analysis of polymorphic residues in maltose and maltotriose transporters of a wild Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain
  177. Optimization of phenolic compound extraction from Tunisian squash by-products: A sustainable approach for antioxidant and antibacterial applications
  178. Liupao tea aqueous extract alleviates dextran sulfate sodium-induced ulcerative colitis in rats by modulating the gut microbiota
  179. Toxicological qualities and detoxification trends of fruit by-products for valorization: A review
  180. Polyphenolic spectrum of cornelian cherry fruits and their health-promoting effect
  181. Optimizing the encapsulation of the refined extract of squash peels for functional food applications: A sustainable approach to reduce food waste
  182. Advancements in curcuminoid formulations: An update on bioavailability enhancement strategies curcuminoid bioavailability and formulations
  183. Impact of saline sprouting on antioxidant properties and bioactive compounds in chia seeds
  184. The dilemma of food genetics and improvement
  185. Bioengineering and Biotechnology
  186. Impact of hyaluronic acid-modified hafnium metalorganic frameworks containing rhynchophylline on Alzheimer’s disease
  187. Emerging patterns in nanoparticle-based therapeutic approaches for rheumatoid arthritis: A comprehensive bibliometric and visual analysis spanning two decades
  188. Application of CRISPR/Cas gene editing for infectious disease control in poultry
  189. Preparation of hafnium nitride-coated titanium implants by magnetron sputtering technology and evaluation of their antibacterial properties and biocompatibility
  190. Preparation and characterization of lemongrass oil nanoemulsion: Antimicrobial, antibiofilm, antioxidant, and anticancer activities
  191. Corrigendum
  192. Corrigendum to “Utilization of convolutional neural networks to analyze microscopic images for high-throughput screening of mesenchymal stem cells”
  193. Corrigendum to “Effects of Ire1 gene on virulence and pathogenicity of Candida albicans”
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