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The role of home biliteracy environment in Chinese-Canadian Children’s early bilingual receptive vocabulary development

  • Guofang Li EMAIL logo , Fubiao Zhen and Lee Gunderson
Published/Copyright: April 28, 2025
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Abstract

This study examined the unique contributions of home biliteracy environment in English and Chinese to Chinese-Canadian children’s (n = 148) bilingual receptive vocabulary development. The children (42 kindergarteners and 106 first graders) were tested on oral receptive vocabulary in Chinese and English. Their parents (n = 148) filled out a questionnaire on home literacy environment (HLE) which included four dimensions in each language: parent-child shared reading, parent direct teaching, print resources, and digital devices usage in Chinese and English. Correlational and hierarchical linear modeling analyses indicated that HLE factors were less associated with English receptive vocabulary in grade-1 than in kindergarten but remained a strong contributor to Chinese vocabulary across both grades. English HLE was significantly associated with children’s English vocabulary in kindergarten but not in grade 1. However, Chinese HLE had a significant effect on Chinese vocabulary in both kindergarten and grade 1. The four dimensions of HLE in each language also had differential relationships with bilingual vocabulary development in kindergarten and grade 1 with parents’ direct teaching and the number of books in English and Chinese being consistent positive factors in facilitating bilingual vocabulary development in both grades. These findings highlight the importance of home biliteracy environment, particularly direct parental involvement, in early bilingual vocabulary development.


Corresponding author: Guofang Li, Transnational/Global Perspectives of Language and Literacy Education of Children and Youth, Department of Language and Literacy Education, Faculty of Education, University of British Columbia, 6445 University Blvd, Vancouver, BC, V6S 1Z2, Canada, E-mail:

Award Identifier / Grant number: 432-2018-0070

  1. Informed consent: Informed consent was obtained from all subjects involved in the study.

  2. Conflicts of interest: The authors declare no conflict of interest.

  3. Research funding: This research was funded by Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada (SSHRC) grant number [432-2018-0070].

  4. Data availability: Data is made available via the Open Science Framework at this link below https://osf.io/wta7k/?view_only=0167764bffc34686a8253796cd49e263.

  5. Institutional Review Board Statement: The study was reviewed and approved by the Behavioral Research Ethics Board (BREB) of the University of British Columbia (BREB number H18-01392).

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Received: 2024-05-13
Accepted: 2025-03-29
Published Online: 2025-04-28

© 2025 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston

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