Home Open books and embeddings of smooth and contact manifolds
Article
Licensed
Unlicensed Requires Authentication

Open books and embeddings of smooth and contact manifolds

  • Arijit Nath and Kuldeep Saha EMAIL logo
Published/Copyright: March 21, 2023
Become an author with De Gruyter Brill

Abstract

We discuss some embedding results in the category of open books, Lefschetz fibrations, contact manifolds and contact open books. First we prove an open book version of the Haefliger–Hirsch embedding theorem by showing that every k-connected closed n-manifold (n ≥ 7, k < (n − 4)/2) with signature zero admits an open book embedding in the trivial open book of 𝕊2nk. We then prove that every closed manifold M2n+1 that bounds an achiral Lefschetz fibration admits an open book embedding in the trivial open book of 𝕊2⌊3n/2⌋+3. We also prove that every closed manifold M2n+1 bounding an achiral Lefschetz fibration admits a contact structure that isocontact embeds in the standard contact structure on ℝ2n+3. Finally, we give various examples of contact open book embeddings of contact (2n + 1)-manifolds in the trivial supporting open book of the standard contact structure on 𝕊4n+1.

Funding statement: Arijit Nath was supported by a CSIR India Fellowship with Ref. no. 09/084(0688)/2016-EMR-I.

  1. Communicated by: T. Leistner

Acknowledgements

We thank Dishant M. Pancholi for suggesting the problem of open book embedding. We also thank John B. Etnyre for many comments and suggestions that have helped to improve this article. The authors would like to thank the referee for the detailed report which has helped to improve this article.

References

[1] D. Auroux, Asymptotically holomorphic families of symplectic submanifolds. Geom. Funct. Anal. 7 (1997), 971–995. MR1487750 Zbl 0912.5302010.1007/s000390050033Search in Google Scholar

[2] R. Casals, D. Pancholi, F. Presas, The Legendrian Whitney Trick. Preprint 2019, arXiv:1908.04828 [math.SG]Search in Google Scholar

[3] K. Cieliebak, Subcritical Stein manifolds are split. Preprint 2002, arXiv:math/0204351v1 [math.DG]Search in Google Scholar

[4] K. Cieliebak, Y. Eliashberg, From Stein to Weinstein and back, volume 59 of American Mathematical Society Colloquium Publications. Amer. Math. Soc. 2012. MR3012475 Zbl 1262.3202610.1090/coll/059Search in Google Scholar

[5] Y. Eliashberg, N. Mishachev, Introduction to the h-principle, volume 48 of Graduate Studies in Mathematics. Amer. Math. Soc. 2002. MR1909245 Zbl 1008.5800110.1090/gsm/048Search in Google Scholar

[6] J. B. Etnyre, R. Furukawa, Braided embeddings of contact 3-manifolds in the standard contact 5-sphere. J. Topol. 10 (2017), 412–446. MR3653317 Zbl 1377.5310610.1112/topo.12014Search in Google Scholar

[7] J. B. Etnyre, Y. Lekili, Embedding all contact 3-manifolds in a fixed contact 5-manifold. J. Lond. Math. Soc. (2) 99 (2019), 52–68. MR3909248 Zbl 1415.5306110.1112/jlms.12164Search in Google Scholar

[8] J. B. Etnyure, Lectures on open book decomposition and contact structures. Lecture notes 2005, arXiv: math/0409402 [math.SG]Search in Google Scholar

[9] H. Geiges, An introduction to contact topology. Cambridge Univ. Press 2008. MR2397738 Zbl 1153.5300210.1017/CBO9780511611438Search in Google Scholar

[10] A. Ghanwat, D. M. Pancholi, Embeddings of 4-manifolds in ℂP3 Preprint 2020, arXiv:2002.11299v2 [math.GT]Search in Google Scholar

[11] E. Giroux, Géométrie de contact: de la dimension trois vers les dimensions supérieures. In: Proceedings of the International Congress of Mathematicians, Vol. II(Beijing, 2002), 405–414, Higher Ed. Press, Beijing 2002. MR1957051 Zbl 1015.53049Search in Google Scholar

[12] E. Giroux, J. Pardon, Existence of Lefschetz fibrations on Stein and Weinstein domains. Preprint 2016, arXiv:1411.6176v3 [math.SG]Search in Google Scholar

[13] M. Gromov, Partial differential relations. Springer 1986. MR864505 Zbl 0651.5300110.1007/978-3-662-02267-2Search in Google Scholar

[14] A. Haefliger, M. W. Hirsch, On the existence and classification of differentiable embeddings. Topology 2 (1963), 129–135. MR149494 Zbl 0113.3860710.1016/0040-9383(63)90028-4Search in Google Scholar

[15] M. W. Hirsch, Immersions of manifolds. Trans. Amer. Math. Soc. 93 (1959), 242–276. MR119214 Zbl 0113.1720210.1090/S0002-9947-1959-0119214-4Search in Google Scholar

[16] M. W. Hirsch, On imbedding differentiable manifolds in euclidean space. Ann. of Math. (2) 73 (1961), 566–571. MR124915 Zbl 0123.1670110.2307/1970318Search in Google Scholar

[17] N. Kasuya, On contact embeddings of contact manifolds in the odd dimensional Euclidean spaces. Internat. J. Math. 26 (2015), 1550045, 10. MR3357034 Zbl 1321.5703310.1142/S0129167X15500457Search in Google Scholar

[18] N. Kasuya, An obstruction for codimension two contact embeddings in the odd dimensional Euclidean spaces. J. Math. Soc. Japan 68 (2016), 737–743. MR3488143 Zbl 1341.5701710.2969/jmsj/06820737Search in Google Scholar

[19] M. A. Kervaire, Relative characteristic classes. Amer. J. Math. 79 (1957), 517–558. MR90051 Zbl 0173.5120110.2307/2372561Search in Google Scholar

[20] D. Martínez Torres, Contact embeddings in standard contact spheres via approximately holomorphic geometry. J. Math. Sci. Univ. Tokyo 18 (2011), 139–154. MR2905450 Zbl 1248.53063Search in Google Scholar

[21] D. M. Pancholi, S. Pandit, K. Saha, Embeddings of 3-manifolds via open books. J. Ramanujan Math. Soc. 36 (2021), 243–250. MR4328137 Zbl 1487.57039Search in Google Scholar

[22] K. Saha, Contact and isocontact embedding of π-manifolds. Proc. Indian Acad. Sci. Math. Sci. 130 (2020), Paper No. 52, 16 pages. MR4137229 Zbl 1446.5306310.1007/s12044-020-00574-8Search in Google Scholar

[23] K. Saha, On open book embedding of contact manifolds in the standard contact sphere. Canad. Math. Bull. 63 (2020), 755–770. MR4176767 Zbl 1460.5306810.4153/S0008439519000808Search in Google Scholar

[24] W. P. Thurston, H. E. Winkelnkemper, On the existence of contact forms. Proc. Amer. Math. Soc. 52 (1975), 345–347. MR375366 Zbl 0312.5302810.1090/S0002-9939-1975-0375366-7Search in Google Scholar

[25] O. van Koert, Lecture notes on stabilization of contact open books. Preprint 2010, arXiv:1012.4359v1 [math.SG]Search in Google Scholar

[26] H. Whitney, Differentiable manifolds. Ann. of Math. (2) 37 (1936), 645–680. MR1503303 Zbl 0015.3200110.2307/1968482Search in Google Scholar

[27] H. Whitney, The self-intersections of a smooth n-manifold in 2n-space. Ann. of Math. (2) 45 (1944), 220–246. MR10274 Zbl 0063.0823710.2307/1969265Search in Google Scholar

[28] H. E. Winkelnkemper, Manifolds as open books. Bull. Amer. Math. Soc. 79 (1973), 45–51. MR310912 Zbl 0269.5701110.1090/S0002-9904-1973-13085-XSearch in Google Scholar

[29] W.-t. Wu, On the isotopy of Cr-manifolds of dimension n in euclidean (2n + 1)-space. Sci. Record(N.S.) 2 (1958), 271–275. MR104272 Zbl 0119.38606Search in Google Scholar

Received: 2021-07-04
Revised: 2022-03-26
Revised: 2022-06-25
Published Online: 2023-03-21
Published in Print: 2023-05-25

© 2023 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston

Downloaded on 23.9.2025 from https://www.degruyterbrill.com/document/doi/10.1515/advgeom-2023-0008/html
Scroll to top button