Characterizing perpendicular-to-grain compression (C⊥) behavior in wood construction
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Craig Thomas Basta
Abstract
Current compression perpendicular-to-grain (C⊥) design values for wood members are based on mean stress obtained from ASTM D143 specimen. The standard ASTM test with metal on wood bearing has limited applicability in modern construction assemblies with C⊥ loading scenarios. Previous work has shown that end-bearing conditions and wood-on-wood C⊥ bearing is a more severe case as opposed to load applied over central area and metal-on-wood bearing. This study evaluated C⊥ behavior of typical assemblies used in construction, in which members experience C⊥ stresses near their longitudinal-end through wood-on-wood contact. These included assembly of the bottom chord of a truss bearing on the top plate of a wall (BC assembly) and assembly of the compression chord of a shear wall bearing on the bottom plate (BP assembly) of a wall. Three different BC assemblies were tested with varying aspect ratios (height/width) of the bottom chord (B.C.) member. For each test assembly, paired ASTM tests of the main member (bottom chord member in BC tests, and bottom plate member in BP tests) were conducted. The assembly stresses at 1 mm deflection were always lower than the corresponding ASTM stresses at the same deflection. Due to varying assembly depths, 1 mm deflection was a poor criterion for determining C⊥ stress values. For B.C. members, when loaded tangentially, they buckle in the direction of annual ring curvature. High aspect ratios accentuate this effect. Expectedly, the tendency to buckle and the probability of total failure in the assembly increase with increasing aspect ratio. This behavior was not observed in the ASTM tests.
©2011 by Walter de Gruyter Berlin Boston
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Articles in the same Issue
- Original Papers
- Fundamental understanding of pulp property development under different thermomechanical pulp refining conditions as observed by a new Simons’ staining method and SEM observation of the ultrastructure of fibre surfaces
- Enhancing dewatering of thermo-mechanical pulp (TMP) based papermaking through enzymatic treatment
- Mechanisms of TMP peroxide bleaching using Mg-based alkalis
- Properties of wood chips for thermomechanical pulp (TMP) production as a function of spout angle
- Determination of local material properties of OSB sample by coupling advanced imaging techniques and morphology-based FEM simulation
- Combined bound water and water vapour diffusion of Norway spruce and European beech in and between the principal anatomical directions
- Oxygen plasma-treated enzymatic hydrolysis lignin as a natural binder for manufacturing biocomposites
- Influence of the adhesive formulation on the mechanical properties and bonding performance of polyurethane prepolymers
- Characterizing perpendicular-to-grain compression (C⊥) behavior in wood construction
- Predicting the strength of Populus spp. clones using artificial neural networks and ε-regression support vector machines (ε-rSVM)
- X-ray scattering and microtomography study on the structural changes of never-dried silver birch, European aspen and hybrid aspen during drying
- Equilibrium moisture content (EMC) in Norway spruce during the first and second desorptions
- Fungal degradation of bamboo samples
- qPCR as a tool to study basidiomycete colonization in wooden field stakes
- Meetings
- Meetings
